Județ

A județ (pronounced [ʒuˈdets], plural județe [ʒuˈdetse]) is an administrative division in Romania, and was also used from 1940 to 1947 in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic and from 1998 to 2003 in Moldova.

Județ translates into English as "jurisdiction", but is commonly rendered as county (the preferred term for that being comitat in Romanian).

There are 41 județe in Romania, divided into municipii (municipalities), orașe (cities) and comune (communes). Each județ has a county seat (reședință de județ) which serves as its administrative capital; this designation usually belongs to the largest and most developed city in the respective county. The central government is represented by one prefect in every județ.

Bucharest (București), the capital, acts as its own județ, with the surrounding județ of Ilfov having its seat at Buftea, not Bucharest.

Etymology

In the Romanian Principalities, the județ was an office with administrative and judicial functions, corresponding to both judge and mayor. The word is etymologically rooted in the Latin "judicium", and is therefore cognate to other administrative institutions like the Sardinian giudicati, or terms like jurisdiction and judge.

In Romanian, the term județ does not take an initial capital unless it is the first word of a sentence.

See also
  • Herb, Guntram Henrik; David H. Kaplan (1999). "Transylvania: Hungarian, Romanian, or Neither?". Nested Identities: Nationalism, Territory, and Scale. George W. White. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 275. ISBN 0-8476-8467-9. Retrieved 2008-05-26.

References
  • Lungu, Marius (2006). Statele lumii, Antologie (in Romanian). 1. Steaua Nordului. ISBN 978-606-511-018-2.
  • Malița, Mircea (1976). Statele lumii (in Romanian). 1 (2 ed.). Științifică și pedagogică. OCLC 251990545. Unknown ID 61813121918.
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