Köping

Köping was a Swedish denomination for a market town since the Middle Ages. This term was abolished with the municipal reform of 1971, when Sweden was subdivided into the Municipalities of Sweden (currently amounting to 290).

As present-day Finland was once a part of Sweden, the Finnish word kauppala has the same meaning. The Finnish word kaupunki, borrowed from the Old Norse word for köping, is today the main word for town in Finnish. Swedish köping and the English toponym chipping are also cognates.

Sweden

History

In 1863 the first local government acts were implemented in Sweden. There were two acts, one for cities and one for rural areas. Of the around 2,500 municipalities, 89 had city rights and thus had the right to call themselves stad (city). Under the "rural" act there were also eight localities given the status of köping, which positioned them between a rural municipality and a town (see municipalköping). The number of localities designated as köping rose dramatically during the 20th century and reached its peak in 1959, when they were 95. Many new settlements during the industrialization of Sweden, as well as some of the suburbs in the metropolitan areas, first received the title of köping and it was also made part of their name (such as Linköping or Nyköping). They later grew further and received town privileges, but kept the köping ending of their names. See the list below. It has been found that a vast majority, nearly 70%, of such designated market-towns lie within an area of 200 km2 (77 sq mi) in south-central Sweden, especially in the highly economically productive region immediately west and south of Stockholm, in Södermanland, Örebro, Östergötland, and Jönköping counties.

A large-scale merger of Swedish municipalities in 1971 removed the distinctions between towns, market towns and rural municipalities. Many of the former market towns are now seats of municipalities. In contrast to the term stad, köping is seldom used in everyday speech today.

Toponyms containing the word köping

Köping titles issued 18631959

CountyKöpingFromToNote
Blekinge County Kristianopelsee municipalköping
Olofström01.01.194131.12.1970formed a municipality
Ronneby168630.11.1882received city privileges
Dalarna County Avesta01.01.190731.03.1919received city privileges
Borlänge01.01.189831.12.1943received city privileges
Krylbo01.01.191931.12.1966merged into Avesta city
Ludvika01.01.191531.12.1918received city privileges
Mora01.01.195931.12.1970formed a municipality
Morastrand01.01.190831.12.1958merged into Mora köping)
Smedjebacken01.01.191831.12.1970formed a municipality
Gävleborg County Björkhamre01.01.192331.12.1941merged into Bollnäs city
Bollnäs01.01.190631.12.1941received city privileges
Ljusdal01.01.191431.12.1970formed a municipality
Sandviken01.01.192731.12.1942received city privileges
Storvik01.01.195231.12.1970merged into Sandviken Municipality
Gotland County Slite01.01.193631.12.1970merged into Gotland Municipality
Halland County Oskarström01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality; today part of Halmstad Municipality
Jämtland County Frösön01.01.194831.12.1970merged into Östersund Municipality
Sveg01.01.193731.12.1970formed a municipality; today part of Härjedalen Municipality
Jönköping County Anderstorp01.01.195331.12.1970formed a municipality; today part of Gislaved Municipality
Bodafors01.01.193031.12.1970merged into Nässjö Municipality
Gislaved01.01.194931.12.1970formed a municipality
Huskvarna31.12 190731.12.1910received city privileges; today part of Jönköping Municipality
Mariannelund01.01.192831.12.1970merged into Eksjö Municipality
Norrahammar31.12 194331.12.1970merged into Jönköping Municipality
Skillingaryd01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Tranås01.01.188231.12.1918received city privileges
Vaggeryd01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Vetlanda01.01.190931.12.1919received city privileges
Värnamo162031.12.1920received city privileges
Kalmar County Emmaboda01.01.193031.12.1970formed a municipality
Figeholm01.01.187831.12.1951merged into Misterhult Municipality, today part of Oskarshamn Municipality; municipalköping prior to 1878
Gamlebysee municipalköping
Hultsfred01.01.192731.12.1970formed a municipality
Mönsterås162031.12.1970formed a municipality
Mörbylånga188131.12.1951formed a municipality; municipalköping prior to 1880)
Nybro25.04.187931.12.1931received city privileges; previously municipalköping from 1865)
Pataholmsee municipalköping
Påskallaviksee municipalköping
Virserum01.01.195631.12.1970formed a municipality
Kronoberg County Alvesta01.01.194531.12.1970formed a municipality
Hovmantorp01.01.195231.12.1970split between Lessebo and Växjö Municipalities)
Lenhovda01.01.195731.12.1970merged into Uppvidinge Municipality
Lessebo01.01.193931.12.1970formed a municipality
Ljungbysee municipalköping
Markaryd01.01.191631.12.1970formed a municipality
Ryd (Almundsryd)01.01.195831.12.1970split between Tingsryd and Älmhult Municipalities)
Tingsryd01.01.192131.12.1970formed a municipality
Traryd01.01.195231.12.1970merged into Markaryd Municipality
Åseda01.01.194331.12.1970merged into Uppvidinge Municipality
Älmhult01.01.190131.12.1970formed a municipality
Norrbotten County Älvsbyn01.01.194831.12.1970formed a municipality
Örebro County Degerfors01.01.194331.12.1970formed a municipality
Frövi01.01.195531.12.1970merged into Lindesberg Municipality
Hallsberg01.01.190831.12.1970formed a municipality
Hällefors01.01.195031.12.1970formed a municipality
Kopparberg01.01.190831.12.1961merged into Ljusnarsbergs köping)
Laxå01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Ljusnarsberg01.01.196231.12.1970formed a municipality
Östergötland County Boxholm01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Finspång01.01.194231.12.1970formed a municipality
Motala182031.12.1880received city privileges
Valdemarsvik01.01.191431.12.1970formed a municipality; prior to 1914 municipalköping; oldest köping charter from 1647)
Åtvidaberg01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Skåne County Bjuv01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Bromölla01.01.194231.12.1970formed a municipality
Båstad01.01.193731.12.1970formed a municipality; before 1937 municipalköping)
Eslöv01.01.187531.12.1910received city privileges
Furulund01.01.195231.12.1968merged into Kävlinge köping)
Hässleholm01.01.190131.12.1913received city privileges
Hörby01.01.190031.12.1970formed a municipality
Höör01.01.193931.12.1970formed a municipality
Klippan01.01.194531.12.1970formed a municipality
Kävlinge01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Limhamn01.01.190631.12.1914merged into Malmö city
Lomma01.01.195131.12.1970formed a municipality
Osby01.01.193731.12.1970formed a municipality
Perstorp01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Sjöbo01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Skurup01.01.191431.12.1970formed a municipality
Svedala01.01.191931.12.1970formed a municipality
Tomelilla01.01.192131.12.1970formed a municipality
Trelleborgsee municipalköping
Vinslöv01.01.193431.12.1970formed a municipality
Åhus01.01.190531.12.1970merged into Kristianstad Municipality
Åstorp01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Södermanland County Gnesta01.01.195531.12.1970formed a municipality
Malmköping178431.12.1970merged into Flen Municipality
Stockholm County Danderyd01.01.194631.12.1970became municipality
Djursholm01.01.190131.12.1913received city privileges; today part of Danderyd Municipality
Hässelby Villastad01.01.192601.01.1948merged into Stockholm City
Lidingö01.01.191031.12.1925received city privileges
Nynäshamn01.01.191131.12.1945received city privileges
Saltsjöbaden01.01.190931.12.1970merged into Nacka Municipality
Sollentuna01.01.194431.12.1970formed a municipality
Stocksund01.01.191031.12.1966merged into Djursholm city; today part of Danderyd Municipality
Sundbyberg01.01.188831.12.1926received city privileges
Täby01.01.194831.12.1970formed a municipality
Uppsala County Tierp01.01.192031.12.1970formed a municipality
Värmland County Arvika181131.12 1910received city privileges
Grums01.01.194831.12.1970formed a municipality
Hammarö01.01.195031.12.1970formed a municipality
Munkfors01.01.194931.12.1970formed a municipality
Storfors01.01.195031.12.1970formed a municipality
Sunne01.01.192031.12.1970formed a municipality
Säffle01.01.188231.12.1950received city privileges
Årjäng01.01.194131.12.1970formed a municipality
Västerbotten County Holmsund01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality; today part of Umeå Municipality
Lycksele01.01.192931.12.1945received city privileges
Vilhelmina01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Vännäs01.01.192831.12.1970formed a municipality
Åsele01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Västernorrland County Skön01.01.195231.12.1964merged into Sundsvall city
Sollefteå01.01.190231.12.1916received city privileges
Timrå01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Ånge01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Örnsköldsvik06.12.184230.06.1894received city privileges
Västmanland County Hallstahammar01.01.194331.12.1970formed a municipality
Kungsör01.01.190731.12.1970formed a municipality
Norberg01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Västra Götaland County Bengtsfors01.01.192631.12.1970formed a municipality
Grebbestad01.01.192931.12.1951merged into Tanum Municipality
Grästorp01.01.190031.12.1970formed a municipality
Götene01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Herrljunga01.01.195231.12.1970formed a municipality
Kinna01.01.194731.12.1970merged into Mark Municipality
Lilla Edet01.01.195131.12.1970formed a municipality
Mellerud01.01.190831.12.1970formed a municipality
Skene01.01.195131.12.1970merged into Mark Municipality
Svenljunga01.01.194631.12.1970formed a municipality
Tibro01.01.194731.12.1970formed a municipality
Tidaholm01.01.189531.12.1909received city privileges
Töreboda01.01.190931.12.1970formed a municipality
Vara01.01.189431.12.1970formed a municipality

See also

References

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