List of Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour

Below is a list of Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour from the order's creation in 1917 until the present day.

Members

Date Portrait Name Birth–Death Area of achievement
4 June 1917Jan Smuts1870–1950Statesman
4 June 1917Harry Gosling1861–1930Politician and trade unionist
4 June 1917The Marchioness of Lansdowne1850–1932Courtier and humanitarian
4 June 1917Elizabeth Haldane1862–1937Suffragist, writer
4 June 1917K. B. Quinan1878–1948Chemical engineer
4 June 1917Sir Henry Smith1863–1923Civil servant
4 June 1917The Lord Burnham1862–1933Newspaper proprietor and politician
4 June 1917Sir Frank Swettenham1850–1946Colonial administrator
4 June 1917Edward Strutt1854–1930Agriculturalist
4 June 1917The Lord Faringdon1850–1934Financier and politician
4 June 1917The Viscount Chetwynd1863–1936Industrialist
4 June 1917William Ripper1853–1937Educationalist
4 June 1917May Tennant1869–1946Civil servant and social reformer
4 June 1917Violet Markham1872–1959Social reformer
4 June 1917William John Davis1848–1934Trade unionist
4 June 1917George Wardle1865–1947Politician
4 June 1917Alexander Wilkie1850–1928Politician
1 January 1918Sir John Furley1836–1919Humanitarian
1 January 1918James Andrew Seddon1868–1939Politician and trade unionist
1 January 1918James Parker1863–1948Politician
25 February 1918Sir Alfred Keogh1857–1936Doctor, head of Army Medical Service
3 June 1918Sir Herbert Perrott, Bt1849–1922Humanitarian
3 June 1918Sir Samuel Provis1845–1926Civil servant
29 April 1919Walter Layton1884–1966Economist and newspaper proprietor
29 April 1919Sir Thomas Royden, Bt1871–1950Businessman and politician
1 January 1920George Nicoll Barnes1859–1940Politician
1 January 1920Philip Kerr1882–1940Diplomat
1 January 1921Sir John Ellerman, Bt1862–1933Entrepreneur and shipping magnate
1 January 1921John Clifford1836–1923Nonconformist minister
4 June 1921The Viscount Dillon1844–1932Antiquary and heraldist
4 June 1921Arthur Headlam1862–1947Bishop of Gloucester
4 June 1921Sir William Robertson Nicoll1851–1923Church minister and journalist
2 January 1922Sir Henry Jones1852–1922Philosopher
2 January 1922Sir Henry Newbolt1862–1938Poet
2 January 1922Joseph Havelock Wilson1859–1929Trade unionist
19 October 1922Sir Hall Caine1853–1931Novelist
19 October 1922Winston Churchill1874–1965Statesman
19 October 1922Sir Evan Vincent Evans1851–1934Journalist and promoter of the Welsh national revival[1]
19 October 1922John Jowett1863–1923Congregationalist minister[2]
25 May 1923J. C. C. Davidson1889–1970Conservative politician
1 January 1926Wilson Carlile1847–1942Church Army founder
5 June 1926Herbert Armitage James1844–1931Cleric and school administrator
1 January 1927Hugh Sheppard1880–1937Anglican priest
9 May 1927Stanley Bruce1883–1967Prime Minister of Australia
3 June 1927John Jones1865–1942Congregational minister
4 June 1928John Scott Haldane1860–1936Physiologist
1 March 1929Lady Florence Barrett1867–1945Gynaecologist
1 March 1929John Carlile1862–1941Baptist minister, social reformer
1 March 1929Lilian Baylis1874–1937Theatre producer
1 March 1929Frederick Delius1862–1934Composer
30 April 1929Bramwell Booth1856–1929Leader of The Salvation Army
3 June 1929Thomas Jones1870–1955Civil servant and educationalist
1 January 1930Maude Royden1876–1956Suffragist
1 January 1930V. S. Srinivasa Sastri1869–1946Indian politician
1 January 1930Gertrude Tuckwell1861–1951Trade unionist and social worker
3 June 1930Margaret McMillan1860–1931Trade unionist
1 January 1931Helena Swanwick1864–1939Feminist and pacifist
1 January 1931Jane Harriett Walker1859–1938Medical doctor
3 June 1931Albert Mansbridge1876–1952Educator
3 June 1931Seebohm Rowntree1871–1954Industrialist and philanthropist
1 January 1932John Buchan1875–1940Scottish author and Governor General of Canada
3 June 1932E. V. Lucas1868–1938Writer
3 June 1932Laurence Binyon1869–1943Poet
2 January 1933Tubby Clayton1885–1972Priest and philanthropist
2 January 1933John Scott Lidgett1854–1953Methodist priest and educationist
3 June 1933Annie Horniman1860–1937Theatre manager
1 January 1934Thomas Page1850–1936Classicist
3 June 1935William Bruce1858–1936Lawyer, politician, educationalist
3 June 1935John White1867–1951Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland
1 January 1936J. Dover Wilson1881–1969Shakespeare scholar
23 June 1936Joseph Lyons1879–1939Prime Minister of Australia
23 June 1936Janet Trevelyan1879–1956Writer
23 June 1936Hugh MacDowell Pollock1852–1937Businessman and Ulster Unionist politician
23 June 1936George Adams1874–1966Political scientist and academic
11 May 1937Melbourn Aubrey1885–1957Baptist Union of Great Britain General Secretary
11 May 1937John Alfred Spender1862–1942Journalist and editor
11 May 1937Charles Thomson Rees Wilson1869–1959Physicist
11 May 1937The Viscountess Astor1879–1964Pioneering woman politician
11 May 1937Gwendoline Davies1882–1951Philanthropist and patron of the arts
1 January 1938Howell Arthur Gwynne1865–1950Newspaper editor and author
8 June 1939James Mallon1875–1961Social reformer
8 June 1939George Peabody Gooch1873–1968Historian
1 January 1941James Louis Garvin1868–1947Journalist and author
1 January 1941Arthur Henry Mann1876–1972Journalist
1 January 1941Billy Hughes1862–1952Prime Minister of Australia
12 June 1941A. V. Alexander1885–1965Labour politician
11 June 1942The Lord Woolton1883–1964Businessman turned-politician
23 June 1942Sir Earle Page1880–1961Prime Minister of Australia
1 January 1943Joseph Hertz1872–1946Chief Rabbi of Great Britain and the Commonwealth
1 January 1943The Lord Leathers1883–1965Industrialist turned-politician
21 May 1943J. M. Andrews1871–1956Prime Minister of Northern Ireland
2 June 1943Ernest Hives1886–1965Industrialist
2 June 1943The Lord Snell1865–1944Labour politician
9 August 1943The Viscount Swinton1884–1972Conservative politician
24 September 1943Essington Lewis1881–1961Industrialist
1 January 1944Richard Casey1890–1976Australian politician and British colonial administrator
1 January 1944Edmund Fellowes1870–1951Theologian and musicologist
1 January 1944Robert Hudson1886–1957Conservative politician
8 June 1944Sir Henry Wood1869–1944Conductor, founded the Proms
4 August 1944Sir Godfrey Huggins1883–1971Prime Minister of Rhodesia
1 January 1945The Earl of Selborne1887–1971Conservative politician
8 June 1945Clement Attlee1883–1967Labour politician
8 June 1945Arthur Greenwood1880–1954Labour politician
14 June 1945Henry Williams1872–1961Bishop of Carlisle
5 July 1945Harry Crerar1888–1965Canadian general
17 August 1945Leo Amery1873–1955Conservative politician
17 August 1945Ernest Brown1881–1962Liberal politician
17 August 1945Hastings Ismay1887–1965Soldier
1 January 1946Archibald Hill1886–1977Physiologist
4 January 1946Peter Fraser1884–1950Prime Minister of New Zealand
22 May 1946Vincent Massey1887–1967Governor General of Canada
13 June 1946George Gibson1885–1953Trade unionist
13 June 1946Andrew McNaughton1887–1966Canadian general and diplomat
12 June 1947James Bone1872–1962Journalist
12 June 1947J. W. Robertson Scott1866–1962Writer, campaigner on rural issues
1 January 1948Margaret Bondfield1873–1953Pioneering woman politician
1 January 1948Vita Sackville-West1892–1962Writer
10 June 1948Walter de la Mare1873–1956Writer
10 June 1948Howell Elvet Lewis1860–1953Bard, Archdruid of the National Eisteddfod of Wales
10 June 1948William Whiteley1882–1955Labour politician
1 January 1949Lord David Cecil1902–1986Biographer, historian and academic
1 January 1949Arthur Deakin1890–1955Trade unionist
9 June 1949Lionel George Curtis1872–1955Soldier and author
1 January 1951Sir Stafford Cripps1889–1952Politician
1 January 1951Robert Menzies1894–1978Prime Minister of Australia
7 June 1951Sidney Holland1893–1961Prime Minister of New Zealand
30 November 1951Herbert Morrison1888–1965Politician
5 June 1952Walter Elliot1888–1958Scottish Unionist politician
1 January 1953E. M. Forster1879–1970Novelist
1 June 1953Benjamin Britten1913–1976Composer
1 June 1953James Chuter Ede1882–1965Labour politician
1 June 1953Ian Fraser1897–1974Conservative politician
1 June 1953Tom Johnston1881–1965Labour politician
10 November 1953The Lord Cherwell1886–1957Physicist
1 January 1954John Christie1882–1962Founder of Glyndebourne Festival Opera
8 January 1954Rab Butler1902–1982Politician
10 June 1954W. Somerset Maugham1874–1965Writer
21 December 1954René Massigli (honorary)1888–1988French diplomat
1 January 1955Harry Crookshank1893–1961Conservative politician
1 January 1955Hugh Martin1890–1964Christian activist
9 June 1955Henry Moore1898–1986Sculptor
2 January 1956The Viscount Cecil of Chelwood1864–1958Conservative politician
2 January 1956Sir John Kotelawala1897–1980Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
2 January 1956Arthur Waley1889–1966Orientalist and sinologist
31 May 1956Edward Gordon Craig1872–1966Theatre practitioner
31 May 1956Arnold J. Toynbee1889–1975Historian
16 July 1956Nuri al-Said (honorary)1888–1958Prime Minister of Iraq
1 January 1957John Baillie1886–1960Theologian
14 January 1957James Stuart1897–1971Scottish Unionist politician
13 June 1957Sir Thomas Beecham, Bt1879–1961Conductor and musical impresario
13 June 1957John Gregg1873–1961Clergyman, theologian
1 January 1958The Viscount Nuffield1877–1963Industrialist
12 June 1958Sir Osbert Sitwell, Bt1892–1969Writer
1 January 1959Sir John Beazley1885–1970Archaeologist and art historian
1 January 1959Sir Kenneth Clark1903–1983Art historian
13 June 1959Walter Nash1882–1968Prime Minister of New Zealand
1 January 1960Alan Lennox-Boyd1904–1983Politician
31 December 1960The Earl of Limerick1888–1967Soldier
31 December 1960Tunku Abdul Rahman1903–1990Prime Minister of Malaysia
10 June 1961C. H. Dodd1884–1973Theologian
1 January 1962Walter Matthews1881–1973Church of England priest
2 June 1962The Lord Hailes1901–1974Politician
20 July 1962Selwyn Lloyd1904–1978Politician
20 July 1962John Maclay1905–1992Politician
20 July 1962Harold Watkinson1910–1995Politician
1 January 1963Keith Holyoake1904–1983Prime Minister of New Zealand
14 May 1963Paul-Henri Spaak (honorary)1899–1972Belgian politician and statesman
1 January 1964I. A. Richards1893–1979Literary critic
1 December 1964Henry Brooke1903–1984Politician
1 January 1965The Lord Silkin1889–1972Politician
12 June 1965Patrick Blackett1897–1974Physicist
12 June 1965Manny Shinwell1884–1986Politician
1 January 1966Graham Greene1904–1991Writer
1 January 1966The Baroness Summerskill1901–1980Physician, politician, writer
19 May 1966Jim Griffiths1890–1975Politician
19 May 1966Lady Megan Lloyd George1902–1966Politician
1 January 1967Sir William Lawrence Bragg1890–1971Physicist
1 January 1967Sir Mortimer Wheeler1890–1976Archaeologist
5 January 1967Douglas Houghton1898–1996Politician
10 June 1967Sir Arthur Bryant1899–1985Historian and writer
10 June 1967Sir Harold Hartley1878–1972Chemist
10 June 1967The Lord Reid1890–1975Judge and politician
14 June 1967Harold Holt1908–1967Prime Minister of Australia
1 January 1968The Lord Boyd-Orr1880–1971Biologist, head of FAO
1 January 1968Ernest Alexander Payne1902–1980Baptist administrator
1 January 1968The Lord Robbins1898–1994Economist, academic
8 June 1968Patrick Gordon Walker1907–1980Politician
1 January 1969Sir Adrian Boult1889–1983Conductor
1 January 1969Sir John McEwen1900–1980Prime Minister of Australia
1 January 1969Michael Stewart1906–1990Politician
14 June 1969Sir John Barbirolli1899–1970Conductor
14 June 1969Sir Allen Lane1902–1970Publisher
14 June 1969Eric Williams1911–1981Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago
1 January 1970Sir James Chadwick1891–1974Physicist, discovered the neutron
1 January 1970Sir A. P. Herbert1890–1971Writer and advocate of law reform
1 January 1970Lee Kuan Yew (honorary)1923–2015Singaporean politician
14 June 1970Sir Frederick Ashton1904–1988Dancer and choreographer
14 June 1970Dame Sybil Thorndike1882–1976Actress
1 January 1971Sir Maurice Bowra1898–1971Classicist
12 June 1971Charles Herbert Best1899–1978Medical researcher
12 June 1971Sir Arthur Bliss1891–1975Composer
12 June 1971John Gorton1911–2002Prime Minister of Australia
14 June 1971Joseph Luns (honorary)1911–2002Dutch politician
1 January 1972William McMahon1908–1988Prime Minister of Australia
1 January 1972Sir Peter Medawar1915–1987Biologist
22 January 1972Jean Monnet (honorary)1888–1979French economist and diplomat
3 June 1972The Lord Goodman1915–1995Lawyer, administrator
3 June 1972Herbert Howells1892–1983Composer
3 June 1972John Piper1903–1992Artist
1 January 1973Jack Marshall1912–1988New Zealand politician
1 January 1973Sir Robert Mayer1879–1985Businessman and philanthropist
1 January 1973Duncan Sandys1908–1987Politician
2 June 1973Bernard Leach1887–1979Potter
2 June 1973Irene Ward1895–1980Politician
1 January 1974The Lord Cohen of Birkenhead1900–1977Physician
1 January 1974The Countess of Limerick1897–1981Humanitarian, prominent in Red Cross
1 January 1974William Whitelaw1918–1999Politician
5 April 1974The Lord Hailsham of St Marylebone1907–2001Politician
15 June 1974David Jones1895–1974Poet
15 June 1974Nathaniel Micklem1888–1976Theologian
1 January 1975Jack Ashley1922–2012Politician
1 January 1975The Lord Gardiner1900–1990Politician
1 January 1975Max Perutz1914–2002Molecular biologist
29 April 1975Arnold Smith1915–1994Canadian diplomat
14 June 1975The Lord Aylestone1905–1994Politician
14 June 1975The Lord Morris of Borth-y-Gest1896–1979Judge
1 January 1976John Diefenbaker1895–1979Prime Minister of Canada
27 May 1976The Lord Elwyn-Jones1909–1989Politician
27 May 1976Edward Short1912–2012Politician
31 December 1976Cledwyn Hughes1916–2001Politician
31 December 1976Jack Jones1913–2009Trade unionist
31 December 1976F. R. Leavis1895–1978Academic, literary critic
26 January 1977Malcolm Fraser1930–2015Prime Minister of Australia
11 June 1977Sir John Gielgud1904–2000Actor
11 June 1977Robert Muldoon1921–1992Prime Minister of New Zealand
11 June 1977The Baroness Wootton of Abinger1897–1988Sociologist, criminologist
3 June 1978Michael Somareb. 1936Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea
12 June 1979Denis Healey1917–2015Politician
16 June 1979Sir Michael Tippett1905–1998Composer
31 December 1979The Lord Thorneycroft1909–1994Politician
14 June 1980The Lord Soames1920–1987Politician
31 December 1980Victor Pasmore1908–1998Artist
30 April 1981Brian Talboys1921–2012New Zealand politician
13 June 1981The Lord Boyle of Handsworth1923–1981Politician
13 June 1981Frederick Sanger1918–2013Biochemist
31 December 1981Doug Anthony1929–2020Australian politician
31 December 1981Dame Ninette de Valois1898–2001Dancer, choreographer, teacher, and director of ballet
12 June 1982Sir Karl Popper1902–1994Philosopher
11 June 1983The Lord Carrington1919–2018Politician
11 June 1983Lucian Freud1922–2011Artist
31 December 1983Sir Steven Runciman1903–2000HIstorian
31 December 1983Sir Sacheverell Sitwell, Bt1897–1988Art critic and writer
16 June 1984The Viscount Eccles1904–1999Politician
16 June 1984Friedrich Hayek1899–1992Economist and philosopher
16 June 1984Sir Philip Powell1921–2003Architect
4 July 1984Pierre Trudeau1919–2000Prime Minister of Canada
31 December 1984Sir Hugh Casson1910–1999Architect and broadcaster
15 June 1985Philip Larkin1922–1985Poet
15 June 1985Rodney Robert Porter1917–1985Biochemist
21 May 1986Sir Keith Joseph, Bt1918–1994Politician
31 December 1986Sydney Brenner1927–2019Biologist
31 December 1986Sir John Summerson1904–1992Architectural historian
13 June 1987Dadie Rylands1902–1999Academic and theatre director
13 June 1987Sir Peter Scott1909–1989Naturalist and conservationist
31 July 1987Norman Tebbitb. 1931Politician
31 December 1987Anthony Powell1905–2000Author
17 June 1989Stephen Hawking1942–2018Physicist
30 December 1989David Lange1942–2005Politician
13 April 1992Kenneth Bakerb. 1934Politician
13 April 1992Peter Brookeb. 1934Politician
13 April 1992Tom Kingb. 1933Politician
13 June 1992Dame Elisabeth Frink1930–1993Artist
13 June 1992Joseph Needham1900–1995Biochemist and sinologist
31 December 1992Sir Victor Pritchett1900–1997Writer
12 June 1993C. H. Sisson1914–2003Writer
12 June 1993Elsie Widdowson1906–2000Nutritionist
31 December 1993David Astor1912–2001Newspaper publisher
31 December 1993Dame Janet Bakerb. 1933Opera singer
31 December 1993Sir John Smith1923–2007Politician
11 June 1994Sir Alec Guinness1914–2000Actor
11 June 1994Reginald Victor Jones1911–1997Physicist, scientific military intelligence expert
11 June 1994The Lord Owenb. 1938Politician
31 December 1994César Milstein1927–2002Biochemist
31 December 1994Carel Weight1908–1997Artist
17 June 1995Sir Denys Lasdun1914–2001Architect
17 June 1995Sir Nevill Francis Mott1905–1996Physicist
30 December 1995Sir David Attenboroughb. 1926Broadcaster and naturalist
30 December 1995Sir Richard Doll1912–2005Epidemiologist
30 December 1995Douglas Hurdb. 1930Politician
30 December 1995Derek Worlock1920–1996Roman Catholic Archbishop of Liverpool
15 June 1996The Lord Howe of Aberavon1926–2015Politician
31 December 1996A. L. Rowse1903–1997Historian
14 June 1997David Hockneyb. 1937Artist
2 August 1997Michael Heseltineb. 1933Politician
31 December 1997Eric Hobsbawm1917–2012Historian
31 December 1997Chris Pattenb. 1944Politician and governor of Hong Kong
13 June 1998Peter Brookb. 1925Theatre director
31 December 1998John Majorb. 1943Politician
31 December 1998Bridget Rileyb. 1931Artist
31 December 1998John de Chastelainb. 1937Canadian general and diplomat
31 December 1999Richard Hamilton1922–2011Artist
31 December 1999Doris Lessing1919–2013Writer
31 December 1999Chad Varah1911–2007Founder of The Samaritans
11 May 2000Amartya Sen (honorary)b. 1933Indian economist
30 December 2000Sir Harrison Birtwistleb. 1934Composer
30 December 2000Paul Scofield1922–2008Actor
16 June 2001Sir Colin Davis1927–2013Conductor
31 December 2001Sir George Christie1934–2014Opera manager
12 June 2002Bernard Haitink (honorary)b. 1929Dutch conductor
15 June 2002Harold Pinter1930–2008Playwright
15 June 2002Sir Michael Howard1922–2019Historian
31 December 2002Sir Howard Hodgkin1932–2017Artist
31 December 2002James Lovelockb. 1919Scientist and environmentalist
31 December 2002Sir Denis Mahon1910–2011Art historian
14 June 2003Sir Charles Mackerras1925–2010Conductor
14 June 2003Dan McKenzieb. 1942Geophysicist
14 June 2003The Lord Hannay of Chiswickb. 1935Diplomat
11 June 2005Dame Judi Denchb. 1934Actress
2006Anthony Pawson1952–2013Microbiologist
31 December 2007Sir Ian McKellenb. 1939Actor
14 June 2008The Lord Rogers of Riversideb. 1933Architect
11 June 2011The Lord Howard of Lympneb. 1941Politician
20 September 2012Sir George Young, Btb. 1941Politician
29 December 2012The Lord Coeb. 1956Athlete, politician, organiser of 2012 Olympics
29 December 2012Peter Higgsb. 1929Physicist
7 January 2013The Lord Strathclydeb. 1960Politician
15 June 2013Sir Menzies Campbellb. 1941Politician
15 June 2013Sir Nicholas Serotab. 1946Museum curator
31 December 2013Peter Maxwell Davies1934–2016Composer and conductor
31 December 2013The Baroness O'Neill of Bengarveb. 1941Philosopher
14 June 2014Dame Maggie Smithb. 1934Actress
22 July 2014Kenneth Clarkeb. 1940Politician
1 January 2015The Lord Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon1941–2018Politician
1 January 2015Sir Adrian Cadbury1929–2015Businessman
1 January 2015Dame Mary Petersb. 1939Athlete
1 January 2015The Lord Young of Graffhamb. 1932Politician
13 June 2015Sir Neville Marriner1924–2016Conductor
13 June 2015The Lord Woolfb. 1933Judge
30 November 2015Desmond Tutu (honorary)b. 1931Clergyman and activist
31 December 2015Sir Roy Strongb. 1935Art historian
11 June 2016Dame Vera Lynn1917–2020Singer
11 June 2016The Lord Smith of Kelvinb. 1944Businessman
11 June 2016The Baroness Amosb. 1954Politician and diplomat
4 August 2016George Osborneb. 1971Politician
31 December 2016Sir Roger Bannister1929–2018Athlete
31 December 2016Sir Richard Eyreb. 1943Director and playwright
31 December 2016Dame Evelyn Glennieb. 1965Percussionist
31 December 2016Sir Alec Jeffreysb. 1950Geneticist
31 December 2016The Baroness Warnock1924–2019Philosopher
31 December 2016The Baroness Williams of Crosbyb. 1930Politician
16 June 2017Sir Terence Conran1931–2020Designer
16 June 2017Sir Mark Elderb. 1947Conductor
16 June 2017Dame Beryl Greyb. 1927Ballet dancer
16 June 2017Sir Paul McCartneyb. 1942Musician
16 June 2017J. K. Rowlingb. 1965Author
16 June 2017Dame Stephanie Shirleyb. 1933Entrepreneur and philanthropist
16 June 2017Delia Smithb. 1941Cook and writer
16 June 2017The Lord Stern of Brentfordb. 1946Economist
16 June 2017Sir John Sulston1942–2018Biologist
30 December 2017The Lord Braggb. 1939Broadcaster
30 December 2017Lady Antonia Fraserb. 1932Author
30 December 2017Margaret MacMillanb. 1943Historian
9 June 2018Richard Hendersonb. 1945Biologist
9 June 2018Dame Kiri Te Kanawab. 1944Opera singer
29 December 2018Margaret Atwoodb. 1939Author
10 September 2019Sir Patrick McLoughlinb. 1957Politician
28 December 2019Sir Elton Johnb. 1947Musician
28 December 2019Sir Keith Thomasb. 1933Historian
10 October 2020Sir Paul Smithb. 1946Fashion designer

References

  1. James, H. E. (2004). "Evans, Sir (Evan) Vincent (1851–1934)". In Roberts, Brynley F. (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33037.
  2. Watts, Michael (2004). "Jowett, John Henry (1863–1923)". The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/58298.

Further reading

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