List of National Football League games played outside the United States

The National Football League (NFL) has played numerous games outside of the United States. All of the league's current and former teams have been based in the contiguous United States, with only the Pro Bowl played in a non-contiguous U.S. state (Hawaii).

Canadian Football League interleague games

Six games held in Canada between 1950 and 1961 pitted NFL teams against Canadian Football League (CFL) (or precursor) teams with the NFL team winning all six. These games were a hybrid of American and Canadian football. Ottawa hosted the first two games, while Toronto hosted three of the remaining four and Montreal held one; the first game ever held in Toronto featuring an NFL team was in August 1959 and inaugurated the city's Exhibition Stadium. One game was played between the AFL's Buffalo Bills and CFL's Hamilton Tiger-Cats in August 1961, with Hamilton winning 38–21. There was also a game in 1960 that pitted the Chicago Bears against the New York Giants played in Toronto; this was in return for a 1958 CFL matchup that was played in Philadelphia.

The Western Interprovincial Football Union (later the Western Conference of the CFL) was never involved in interleague play with the NFL, although its teams occasionally played members of other rival U.S. leagues in the circuit's early years. At the time, the Western teams were still struggling to gain recognition within Canada as the Eastern Conference's competitive equal. A more practical factor inhibiting Western interleague play with the NFL was the prohibitive amount of time it would have taken to travel by rail from an NFL city to Western Canada for an exhibition game (the CFL did not even implement regular season interconference play until air travel came to be seen as a safe means of transport in the 1960s). Also, by the 1950s the West was already playing its regular season in August while the Eastern Conference still started its season around the same time as the NFL.

Global Cup

In the summer of 1983 an English entrepreneur named John Marshall hired Wembley Stadium and brought the Minnesota Vikings and St. Louis Cardinals over to play a pre-season exhibition game called The Global Cup. Just over 30,000 fans turned out that day to witness the game. In 1984, Marshall invited the United States Football League's Tampa Bay Bandits and Philadelphia Stars to play a post season exhibition game in July.

American Bowl

The American Bowl was a series of NFL pre-season exhibition games that were held at sites outside the United States between 1986 and 2005. The league started the American Bowl series in 1986 primarily to promote American football in other countries. The American Bowl was a fifth pre-season game, played the same weekend as the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, and did not take away a game from the participating teams' pre-season schedules. At least one American Bowl game was played annually from 1986 to 2003. As many as four were played per year in the early 1990s. There was no American Bowl game played in 2004. The last American Bowl was held in 2005. NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell cited the league's new international strategy in the abandonment of international pre-season games as well as the closure of NFL Europe, instead focusing on playing regular season games in foreign countries. There have been three international pre-season games during the American Bowl era that did not receive the American Bowl name because they were not arranged by the NFL but, rather, the scheduled home team elected to play there.

China Bowl

The China Bowl was the name of a proposed NFL pre-season exhibition game that had been scheduled to take place in August 2007, but later postponed to August 2009 so that more focus could be placed on the start of the International Series,[1][2] and ultimately canceled, between the New England Patriots and the Seattle Seahawks at the National Stadium in Beijing.[3] The originally scheduled China Bowl was to be played at Workers Stadium in Beijing, China, on August 8, 2007. The game was to kick off the one-year countdown before the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, and would have been the first NFL-sanctioned game to take place in China.[4]

In March 2019, NFL was reportedly discuss at owners meetings whether it will play a game in China in 2020 season. San Francisco 49ers and Los Angeles Rams were among the teams interested due to situating West Coast for less travel. It would take place prior to the start of the regular season for the rest of the league in order to make up for the intense travel and time difference. Suitable venue and air quality were other concerns.[5]

Fútbol Americano

On October 2, 2005, the Arizona Cardinals defeated the San Francisco 49ers by a score of 31–14 at Estadio Azteca in Mexico City, under the name NFL Fútbol Americano. It was the first regular season NFL game held outside of the United States.[6] The game drew the NFL's highest game attendance at the time with 103,467 spectators.[6][7]

NFL International Series

Beginning with the 2007 season, the National Football League has hosted regular season American football games outside of the United States every year in a series known as the International Series. Wembley Stadium, in London, United Kingdom, was the first location to host the series, staging at least one game every year since the series began.

In October 2015 the league announced that a resolution had been passed approving continuing the International Series until 2025, and expanding it to include games in international cities outside the United Kingdom.[8] The NFL has an agreement to play at least two games per year at Wembley until 2020, with the Jacksonville Jaguars relocating a home game there annually throughout the agreement.[9] In addition, three to five games are scheduled to take place at England rugby's Twickenham Stadium between 2016 and 2018,[10] while at least two games per year are planned to be played at the new stadium at Northumberland Development Project between 2018 and 2027 as part of an agreement with Tottenham Hotspur.[11]

Additional markets under consideration included Mexico, Germany and Canada.[12] On February 5, 2016, it was announced that the Oakland Raiders would host the Houston Texans on November 21, 2016, at Estadio Azteca in Mexico City, Mexico.[13] On November 19, 2017, the Estadio Azteca hosted a regular season Sunday afternoon game between the New England Patriots and the Oakland Raiders. On November 18th, 2019, the Los Angeles Chargers were the designated home team against the Kansas City Chiefs in Mexico, however the field conditions at Estadio Azteca did not meet NFL regulations so the game was moved to Los Angeles.

Bills Toronto Series

The Bills Toronto Series was an agreement between the Buffalo Bills and Rogers Communications to host a series of Bills National Football League games at the Rogers Centre in nearby Toronto, Ontario, Canada in an attempt by the team to broaden its fan base. The Bills Toronto Series was distinct from the NFL International Series because it is arranged by an individual team rather than the league.

The series was conceived by a group that included then Bills owner Ralph Wilson, Ted Rogers of Rogers Communications and Larry Tanenbaum of Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment.[14] During the original five-year deal, which began with the 2008 season, the Bills played one regular season home game per year as well as a pre-season home game at Rogers Centre in 2008 and 2010, for a total of seven games in Toronto.[15] A pre-season game originally planned for 2012 was cancelled, as home games for the Toronto Blue Jays and Toronto Argonauts[16] and a Bruce Springsteen concert[17] conflicted with the NFL pre-season. In 2013, the series was renewed for five more years through 2017. The new deal featured one regular season game each year plus a pre-season game in 2015.[18][19] However, following the first contest in 2013 it was announced that Rogers and the Bills had postponed the series for a year,[20] and several months later, following the sale of the Bills to new ownership, the parties reached an agreement to cancel the Toronto Series permanently.[21]

Impact on teams

Teams that have had the scheduling disadvantage of giving up a home game to participate in the series, resulting in seven home games, eight away games and one neutral site game, have seen a significant disparity in their success relative to the designated visitors, who end up with eight home games, seven away games and one neutral site game. For the 18 regular season games played outside the United States through 2015, 20 of the 21 designated home teams failed to reach the playoffs while 11 of the 21 designated visitors reached the postseason that year. In 2015, the Kansas City Chiefs became the first designated home team to go on to reach the playoffs.[22]

List of games

Below is a list of games played outside the United States by teams from the NFL, and its precursor leagues the American Football League of 1926 (AFL 1926), All-America Football Conference (AAFC), and American Football League (AFL) from which the NFL absorbed teams.[23][24][25]

Legend
Season Date Series Type Winning/Tied Team Score Losing/Tied Team Stadium City Country Ref
1926November 8REGNew York Yankees (AFL 1926)28–0Los Angeles Wildcats (AFL 1926)Maple Leaf StadiumToronto Canada[26]
1948August 19CFLINTBrooklyn Dodgers (AAFC)27–1Montreal Alouettes (CFL)Delorimier StadiumMontreal Canada[27][28][29]
1950August 12CFLINTNew York Giants27–6Ottawa Rough Riders (CFL)Lansdowne ParkOttawa Canada[30]
1951August 11CFLINTNew York Giants41–18Ottawa Rough Riders (CFL)Lansdowne ParkOttawa Canada[31]
1959August 5CFLINTChicago Cardinals55–26Toronto Argonauts (CFL)Exhibition StadiumToronto Canada
1960August 3CFLINTPittsburgh Steelers43–16Toronto Argonauts (CFL)Exhibition StadiumToronto Canada
August 15EXHChicago Bears16–7New York GiantsVarsity StadiumToronto Canada
August 29EXHDallas CowboysCancelledNew York GiantsDelorimier StadiumMontreal Canada[32][33][34]
1961August 2CFLINTSt. Louis Cardinals36–7Toronto Argonauts (CFL)Exhibition StadiumToronto Canada
August 5CFLINTChicago Bears34–16Montreal Alouettes (CFL)Molson StadiumMontreal Canada[35]
August 8CFLINTHamilton Tiger-Cats (CFL)38–21Buffalo Bills (AFL)Civic StadiumHamilton Canada
1968August 11EXHDetroit LionsCancelledPhiladelphia EaglesEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico[36]
1969August 25INTDetroit Lions22–9Boston Patriots (AFL)Jarry ParkMontreal Canada[37][38]
September 11EXHPittsburgh Steelers17–13New York GiantsJarry ParkMontreal Canada[37]
1976August 16MSBEXHSt. Louis Cardinals20–10San Diego ChargersKorakuen StadiumTokyo Japan[39][40]
1978August 5EXHNew Orleans Saints14–7Philadelphia EaglesEstadio Olímpico de la Ciudad de los DeportesMexico City Mexico[41]
1983August 6GCEXHMinnesota Vikings28–10St. Louis CardinalsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom[42]
1986August 3ABEXHChicago Bears17–6Dallas CowboysWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
1987August 9ABEXHLos Angeles Rams28–27Denver BroncosWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
1988July 31ABEXHMiami Dolphins27–21San Francisco 49ersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
August 14VAFCEXHMinnesota Vikings28–21Chicago BearsUllevi StadiumGöteborg Sweden[43][44]
August 18MCEXHNew York Jets11–7Cleveland BrownsOlympic StadiumMontreal Canada[45][46]
August 27EXHTampa Bay BuccaneersCancelledBuffalo BillsExhibition StadiumToronto Canada[47]
1989August 6ABEXHLos Angeles Rams16–13 (OT)San Francisco 49ersTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 6ABEXHPhiladelphia Eagles17–13Cleveland BrownsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
1990August 5ABEXHDenver Broncos10–7Seattle SeahawksTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48][49]
August 5ABEXHNew Orleans Saints17–10Los Angeles RaidersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
August 9ABEXHPittsburgh Steelers30–14New England PatriotsOlympic StadiumMontreal Canada
August 11ABEXHLos Angeles Rams19–3Kansas City ChiefsOlympiastadionWest Berlin West Germany
1991July 28ABEXHBuffalo Bills17–13Philadelphia EaglesWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
August 3ABEXHSan Francisco 49ers21–7Chicago BearsOlympiastadionBerlin Germany
August 4ABEXHMiami Dolphins19–17Los Angeles RaidersTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
1992August 2ABEXHHouston Oilers34–23Dallas CowboysTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 15ABEXHMiami Dolphins31–27Denver BroncosOlympiastadionBerlin Germany
August 16ABEXHSan Francisco 49ers17–15Washington RedskinsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
1993August 1ABEXHNew Orleans Saints28–16Philadelphia EaglesTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 1ABEXHSan Francisco 49ers21–14Pittsburgh SteelersEstadi OlímpicBarcelona Spain
August 7ABEXHMinnesota Vikings20–6Buffalo BillsOlympiastadionBerlin Germany
August 8ABEXHDallas Cowboys13–13 (OT)Detroit LionsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
August 14EXHCleveland Browns12–9New England PatriotsSkyDomeToronto Canada
1994July 31ABEXHLos Angeles Raiders25–22 (OT)Denver BroncosEstadi OlímpicBarcelona Spain
August 7ABEXHMinnesota Vikings17–9Kansas City ChiefsTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 13ABEXHNew York Giants28–20San Diego ChargersOlympiastadionBerlin Germany
August 15ABEXHHouston Oilers6–0Dallas CowboysEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
1995August 6ABEXHDenver Broncos24–10San Francisco 49ersTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 12ABEXHBuffalo Bills9–7Dallas CowboysSkyDomeToronto Canada
1996July 28ABEXHSan Diego Chargers20–10Pittsburgh SteelersTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 5ABEXHKansas City Chiefs32–6Dallas CowboysEstadio UniversitarioMonterrey Mexico
1997July 27ABEXHPittsburgh Steelers30–17Chicago BearsCroke ParkDublin Ireland
August 4ABEXHMiami Dolphins38–19Denver BroncosEstadio Guillermo CañedoMexico City Mexico
August 16ABEXHGreen Bay Packers35–3Buffalo BillsSkyDomeToronto Canada
1998August 2ABEXHGreen Bay Packers27–24 (OT)Kansas City ChiefsTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 15ABEXHSan Francisco 49ers24–21Seattle SeahawksBC Place StadiumVancouver Canada
August 17ABEXHNew England Patriots21–3Dallas CowboysEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
1999August 8ABEXHDenver Broncos20–17San Diego ChargersStadium AustraliaSydney Australia
2000August 6ABEXHAtlanta Falcons20–9Dallas CowboysTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
August 19ABEXHIndianapolis Colts24–23Pittsburgh SteelersEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
2001August 27ABEXHDallas Cowboys21–6Oakland RaidersEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
2002August 3ABEXHWashington Redskins38–7San Francisco 49ersOsaka DomeOsaka Japan[48]
2003August 2ABEXHTampa Bay Buccaneers30–14New York JetsTokyo DomeTokyo Japan
2005August 6ABEXHAtlanta Falcons27–21Indianapolis ColtsTokyo DomeTokyo Japan[48]
October 2FAREGArizona Cardinals31–14San Francisco 49ersEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
2007August 8CBEXHSeattle SeahawksCancelledNew England PatriotsWorkers' StadiumBeijing China
October 28ISREGNew York Giants13–10Miami DolphinsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
2008August 14BTSEXHBuffalo Bills24–21Pittsburgh SteelersRogers CentreToronto Canada[50]
October 26ISREGNew Orleans Saints37–32San Diego ChargersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
December 7BTSREGMiami Dolphins16–3Buffalo BillsRogers CentreToronto Canada[51]
2009October 25ISREGNew England Patriots35–7Tampa Bay BuccaneersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
December 3BTSREGNew York Jets19–13Buffalo BillsRogers CentreToronto Canada[52]
2010August 19BTSEXHBuffalo Bills34–21Indianapolis ColtsRogers CentreToronto Canada[53]
October 31ISREGSan Francisco 49ers24–16Denver BroncosWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 7BTSREGChicago Bears22–19Buffalo BillsRogers CentreToronto Canada[54]
2011October 23ISREGChicago Bears24–18Tampa Bay BuccaneersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 30BTSREGBuffalo Bills23–0Washington RedskinsRogers CentreToronto Canada[55]
2012October 28ISREGNew England Patriots45–7St. Louis RamsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
December 16BTSREGSeattle Seahawks50–17Buffalo BillsRogers CentreToronto Canada[56]
2013September 29ISREGMinnesota Vikings34–27Pittsburgh SteelersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 27ISREGSan Francisco 49ers42–10Jacksonville JaguarsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom[57]
December 1BTSREGAtlanta Falcons34–31 (OT)Buffalo BillsRogers CentreToronto Canada[58]
2014September 28ISREGMiami Dolphins38–14Oakland RaidersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 26ISREGDetroit Lions22–21Atlanta FalconsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom[59]
November 9ISREGDallas Cowboys31–17Jacksonville JaguarsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom[60]
2015October 4ISREGNew York Jets27–14Miami DolphinsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 25ISREGJacksonville Jaguars34–31Buffalo BillsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 1ISREGKansas City Chiefs45–10Detroit LionsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom[61]
2016October 2ISREGJacksonville Jaguars30–27Indianapolis ColtsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 23ISREGNew York Giants17–10Los Angeles RamsTwickenham StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 30ISREGWashington Redskins27–27 (OT)Cincinnati BengalsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 21ISREGOakland Raiders27–20Houston TexansEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
2017September 24ISREGJacksonville Jaguars44–7Baltimore RavensWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 1ISREGNew Orleans Saints20–0Miami DolphinsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 22ISREGLos Angeles Rams33–0Arizona CardinalsTwickenham StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 29ISREGMinnesota Vikings33–16Cleveland BrownsTwickenham StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 19ISREGNew England Patriots33–8Oakland RaidersEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico
2018October 14ISREGSeattle Seahawks27–3Oakland RaidersWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 21ISREGLos Angeles Chargers20–19Tennessee TitansWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 28ISREGPhiladelphia Eagles24–18Jacksonville JaguarsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 19ISREGLos Angeles RamsRelocated to LAKansas City ChiefsEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico[62]
2019August 23EXHOakland Raiders22–21Green Bay PackersInvestors Group FieldWinnipeg Canada[63]
October 6ISREGOakland Raiders24–21 Chicago BearsTottenham Hotspur StadiumLondon United Kingdom[64]
October 13ISREGCarolina Panthers37–26Tampa Bay BuccaneersTottenham Hotspur StadiumLondon United Kingdom
October 27ISREGCincinnati Bengals10–24 Los Angeles RamsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 3ISREGHouston Texans26–3 Jacksonville JaguarsWembley StadiumLondon United Kingdom
November 18ISREGKansas City Chiefs24–17Los Angeles ChargersEstadio AztecaMexico City Mexico

Number of games by city

City Country NFL Predecessor leagues TOT
REG EXH TOT INT TOT REG INT TOT TOT
Barcelona Spain022 02 000 2
Berlin[Note 1] Germany055050005
Dublin Ireland011010001
Göteborg Sweden011010001
Hamilton Canada000000111
London United Kingdom2893703700037
Mexico City Mexico461001000010
Monterrey Mexico011010001
Montreal Canada033250116
Osaka Japan011010001
Ottawa Canada000220002
Sydney Australia011010001
Tokyo Japan0131301300013
Toronto Canada661231510116
Vancouver Canada011010001
Winnipeg Canada011010001
Notes
  1. Includes one game played in West Berlin, West Germany prior to German reunification.

See also

References

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