List of Russian exonyms

Below is a list of Russian language exonyms for places, mainly in Europe. Note that this list only includes names that are significantly different from the local toponym, some exonyms are marked as historical, modern exonyms may match the toponyms.


Albania

 Albania Albaniya (Албания)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Tirana Tirana (Тирана) Tiranë Albanian

Austria

 Austria Avstriya (Австрия)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Carinthia Karintiya (Каринтия) Kärnten German
Styria Shtiriya (Штирия) Steiermark German
Vienna Vena (Вена) Wien German

Belgium

 Belgium Bel'giya (Бельгия)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Flanders Flandriya (Фландрия) Vlaanderen Dutch

China

 China Kitay (Китай)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Beijin Pekin, Beytszyn (Пекин, Бэйцзин) 北京 (Běijīng) Mandarin
Macao Makao, Aomyn' (Макао, Аомынь) 澳门/澳門 (Àomén) Mandarin
Nanjing Nankin, Nantszin (Нанкин, Наньцзин) 南京 (Nánjīng) Mandarin

Cuba

 Cuba
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Havana Gavana (Гавана) La Habana Spanish

Cyprus

 Cyprus Kipr (Кипр)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Famagusta Famagusta (Фамагуста) Αμμόχωστος (Ammóchostos) Greek
Gazimağusa Turkish
Nicosia Nikosiya (Никосия) Lefkoşa Turkish
Λευκωσία (Levkosía) Greek

Czechia

 Czechia Chekhiya (Чехия)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bohemia Bogemiya (Богемия)
Moravia Moraviya (Моравия)
Prague Praga (Прага) Praha Czech
Silesia Sileziya (Силезия) Ślōnsk Silesian

Denmark

 Denmark Дания/Daniya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Copenhagen Kopengagen (Копенгаген) København Danish
Jutland Yutlandiya (Ютландия) Jylland Danish

Egypt

 Egypt
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Egypt Alexsanriya (Александрия) (Al-Iskandariyya) الإسكندرية
Cairo Kair (Каир) (Al-Qāhirah) القاهرة
Luxor Luksor (Луксор) (Al-Uqṣur) الأقصر
Suez Suets (Суэц) (As-Suways) السويس

Estonia

 Estonia Эстония/Eestohnya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Narva Rugodiv (Ругодив)
Tallinn Kolyvan' (Колывань)

France

 France
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Cannes Kanny (Канны)
Nice Nitstsa (Ницца)
Paris Parizh (Париж)

Germany

 Germany
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bavaria Bavariya (Бавария) Bayern German
Pomerania Pomeraniya (Померания) Pommern German
Prussia Prussiya (Пруссия) Preußen German
Saarland Saar (Саар)
Saxony Saksoniya (Саксония) Sachsen German
Silesia Sileziya (Силезия) Ślōnsk Silesian
Swabia Shvabiya (Швабия) Schwaben German
Westphalia Vestfaliya Westfalen German

Greece

 Greece Греция/Gretsiya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Athens Afiny (Афины) Athína (Αθήνα) Greek
Corfu Korfu (Корфу) Kérkyra (Κέρκυρα) Greek
Corinth Korinf (Коринф) Kórinthos (Κόρινθος) Greek
Ioannina Yanina (Янина) Ioánnina (Ιωάννινα) Greek
Piraeus Pirey (Пирей) Peiraiás (Πειραιάς) Greek
Thebes Fivy (Фивы) Thíva (Θήβα) Greek
Thessalia Fessaliya (Фессалия) Thessalía (Θεσσαλία) Greek
Thessaloniki Saloniki (Салоники) Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) Greek
Thrace Frankiy (Фракия) Thráki (Θράκη) Greek

Iran

 Iran
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Tehran Tegeran (Тегеран)

Israel

 Israel
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Jerusalem Iyerusalim (Иерусалим)
Nazareth Nazaret (Назарет)

Italy

 Italy
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Florence Флоренция/Florentsiya
Genova Генуя/Genuya
Naples Неаполь/Neapol'
Padua Падуя/Paduya
Rome Рим/Rim

Latvia

 Latvia
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Koknese Kukeynos (Кукейнос)

Lithuania

 Lithuania Литва/Litva
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Kaunas Kovno (Ковно)
Vilna Vilna, Vilno (Вильна, Вильно)

Libya

 Libya Ливия/Liviya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Tripoli Tripoli (Триполи) Ṭarābulus (طرابلس)

Mali

 Mali
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Timbuktu Timbuktu (Тимбукту) Tumbutu

Moldova

 Moldova Молдавия/Moldaviya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bălţi Bel'tsy (Бельцы)
Besarabeasca Bessarabka (Бессарабка)
Chişinău Kishinyov (Кишинёв)
Edineţ Edintsy (Единцы)
Orhei Orgeyev (Оргеев)
Otaci Ataki (Атаки)
Soroca Soroki (Сороки)
Tighina Bendery (Бендеры)

Mongolia

 Mongolia Монголия/Mongoliya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Sükhbaatar Sukhe-Bator (Сухэ-Батор)
Ulanbaatar Ulan-Bator (Улан-Батор)

Morocco

 Morocco Марокко/Marokko
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Casablanca Kasablanka (Касабланка) Ad-Dar Al-Bayḍā' (الدار البيضاء)
Tangier Tanzher (Танжер) Ṭanja (طنجة)

Netherlands

 Netherlands
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
The Hague Gaaga (Гаага)

North Korea

 North Korea
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Pyongyang Pken'yan (Пхеньян)

Palestine

 Palestine
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bethlehem Vifleyem (Вифлеем)
Jericho Iyerikhon (Иерихон)
Jerusalem Iyerusalim (Иерусалим)

Poland

 Poland Польша/Pol'sha
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Białystok Belostok (Белосток)
Galicia Galitsiya (Галиция)
Kashubia Kashubiya (Кашубия) Kaszuby
Kujawy Kuyavia (Куявия)
Łódz Lodz' (Лодзь)
Mazovia Mazoviya (Мазовия) Mazowy
Pomerania Pomerania (Померания) Pomorze
Silesia Sileziya (Силезия) Ślōnsk Silesian

Portugal

 Portugal
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Lisbon Lissabon (Лиссабон) Lisboa Portuguese

Romania

 Romania Румыния/Rumyniya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bucharest Bukharest (Бухарест) Bucureşti Romanian
Iaşi Yassy (Яссы) Iaşi Romanian

Serbia

 Serbia Сербия/Serbiya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Belgrad Belgrad (Белград) Beograd Serbian

South Korea

 South Korea
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Incheon Inchkhon (Инчхон)

Sweden

 Sweden Швеция/Shvetsiya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Stockholm Stokgol'm, Stekolnaya (Cтокгольм, Стекольня)

Switzerland

  Switzerland Швейцария/Shveytsariya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Geneva Zheneva (Женева) Genève French
Lausanne Lozanna (Лозанна) Lausanne French

Syria

 Syria Сирия/Siriya
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Damascus Damask (Дамаск) دمشق (Dimašq) Arabic

Thailand

 Thailand Таиланд/Tailand
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Bangkok Bangkok (Бангкок) Krung Thep (กรุงเทพฯ) Thai

Turkey

 Turkey Turtsiya (Турция)
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Istanbul Stambul, Tsargrad (Стамбул, Царьград) İstanbul Turkish

Turkmenistan

 Turkmenistan
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Ashgabat Ashkhabad (Ашхабад) Aşgabat Turkmen
Garabogaz Karabogaz (Карабогаз)
Serhetabat Kushka (Кушка)

Ukraine

 Ukraine
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Mykolaiv Nikolayev (Николаев)

United Kingdom

 United Kingdom
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
England Angliya (Англия)
Scotland Shotlandiya (Шотландия)

United States

 United States
English name Russian name Endonym Notes
Name Language
Chicago Chikago (Чикаго)
New Orleans Novyy Orlean (Новый Орлеан)
Texas Tekhas (Техас)

See also

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