List of disasters by cost

Disasters can have high costs associated with responding to and recovering from them. This page lists the estimated economic costs of relatively recent disasters.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

The costs of disasters vary considerably depending on a range of factors, such as the geographical location where they occur. When a large disaster occurs in a wealthy country, the financial damage may be large, but when a comparable disaster occurs in a poorer country, the actual financial damage may appear to be relatively small. This is in part due to the difficulty of measuring the financial damage in areas that lack insurance. For example, the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami, with a death toll of over 230,000 people, cost a 'mere' $15 billion,[1] whereas in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, in which 11 people died, the damages were six-fold.

List

Note: All damage figures are listed in billions of United States dollars.

List of disasters by cost
Cost ($billions) Fatalities Event Type Year Nation
(2017-2018)[2]
$360[3][4][5] $411.3 15899 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami Earthquake, Tsunami 2011 Japan
$197[6] $329.8 5502 – 6434 Great Hanshin earthquake Earthquake 1995 Japan
$148[7] $176.4 87587 2008 Sichuan earthquake Earthquake 2008 China
$125[8] $164.9 1245 – 1836 Hurricane Katrina Tropical cyclone 2005 United States
$125[8] $129.5 107 Hurricane Harvey Tropical cyclone 2017 United States
$91.6+[8] $94.9+ 3057 – 8498[9] Hurricane Maria Tropical cyclone 2017 North America (, , , others)
$70[10] $70 451 2019–20 Australian bushfire season Wildfire 2019 Australia
$68.7[8] $76.3 233 Hurricane Sandy Tropical cyclone 2012 North America (, , , others)
$64.8[8] $66.5 134 Hurricane Irma Tropical cyclone 2017 North America (, , , others)
$60 – $100[11] $69.7 – $116.1 11 Deepwater Horizon oil spill Contamination (Oil) 2010 United States
$53.25[12] $115.8 4800 – 17000 1988–89 North American drought Drought 1988 United States, Canada
$50 – $433[13] $113 – ~$700 31 – 46 Chernobyl disaster Contamination (Radiation) 1986 Soviet Union (, )
$49.6 – $56.1[14] $53.3 – $60.3 104 2012–13 North American drought Drought 2012 United States, Canada
$49[15] $81 57 1994 Northridge earthquake Earthquake 1994 United States
$45.7[16] $49.8 815 2011 Thailand floods Flood 2011 Thailand
$40[17] $44.6 185 2011 Christchurch earthquake Earthquake 2011 New Zealand
$38[8] $43.3 214 Hurricane Ike Tropical cyclone 2008 North America (, , , others)
$32[18][19] $32 278[20] 2020 China floods Flood 2020 China
$28[21][22] $36.2 68 2004 Chūetsu earthquake Earthquake 2004 Japan
$27.4[8] $34.4 87 Hurricane Wilma Tropical cyclone 2005 North America (, , , others)
$27.3[8] $47.6 65 Hurricane Andrew Tropical cyclone 1992 United States
$26.1[8] $33.9 124 Hurricane Ivan Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (, , , others)
$25.1[23] $25.1 74 Hurricane Michael Tropical cyclone 2018 North America (, , , others)
$24.0[14] $24.5 103 2018 California wildfires Wildfire 2018 United States
$21.8 – $135[24] $30.2 – $186.9 2996 September 11 terrorist attacks Terror attack 2001 United States
$19.2 $24.6 110 2002 European floods Flood 2002 Central Europe (, , , others)
$19.1[18][25] $19.1 77 Hurricane Laura Tropical cyclone 2020 North America (, , , others)
$18.5[8] $23.2 97 – 125 Hurricane Rita Tropical cyclone 2005 United States
$17.6[26] $23.9 140 Cyclones Lothar and Martin European windstorm 1999 Western Europe (, , , others)
$16.9[8] $21.9 35 Hurricane Charley Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (, , )
$15.8[27] $17 27 2012 Northern Italy earthquakes Earthquake 2012 Italy
$15.1[28][29] $15.4 603 Hurricane Matthew Tropical cyclone 2016 North America (, , , others)
$15 – $20[30] $25.6 – $34.1 47 Great Flood of 1993 Flood 1993 United States
$15.0[31] $28.8 197 Cyclones Daria, Vivian, and Wiebke European windstorm 1990 Western Europe (, , , others)
$15[1] $19.4 230000 – 280000 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami Earthquake, Tsunami 2004 Southeast Asia (, , , others)
$14.2[8] $15.5 58 Hurricane Irene Tropical cyclone 2011 North America (, , , others)
$13 – $14[32][18] $13 – $14 128[33] Cyclone Amphan Tropical cyclone 2020 Eastern South Asia (, , , others)
$12.9[34] $14.7 138366 Cyclone Nargis Tropical cyclone 2008 Myanmar
$12.7[35] $13.2 130 November 2015 Paris attacks Terror attack 2015 France
$11.6 – $18.9[36] $17 – $27.7 17118 – 17127 1999 İzmit earthquake Earthquake 1999 Turkey
$10.4[37] $11 12 Typhoon Fitow Tropical cyclone 2013 China
$10.2[14] $11.1 348 2011 Super Outbreak Tornado 2011 United States
$10 – $15[38][39] $10 – $15 204+[40][41] 2020 Beirut explosions Explosion 2020 Lebanon
$10 – $15[42] $10.3 – $15.4 13 2016 Louisiana floods Flood 2016 United States
$10[14] $29.6 1700 – 10000 1980 United States heat wave Drought 1980 United States
$10[43] $18 64 Typhoon Mireille Tropical cyclone 1991 Japan
$10[31] $12.1 44 Cyclone Kyrill European windstorm 2007 Western Europe (, , , others)
$10[14] $11.3 16 June 2008 Midwest floods Flood 2008 United States
$9.8[8][44][45][46] $12.7 50 Hurricane Frances Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (, )
$9.5[8] $18.7 60 Hurricane Hugo Tropical cyclone 1989 North America (, , , others)
$9.5[47][48] $9.7 2 2016 Fort McMurray Wildfire Wildfire 2016 Canada
$9.4[8] $14.1 604 Hurricane Georges Tropical cyclone 1998 North America (, , , others)
$9.4[49] $9.4 44 October 2017 Northern California wildfires Wildfire 2017 United States
$9[50] $11.7 28 Typhoon Songda Tropical cyclone 2004 Japan
$8.5[8] $11.8 55 Tropical Storm Allison Tropical cyclone 2001 United States
8.3[8] $9.5 153 Hurricane Gustav Tropical cyclone 2008 North America (, , , others)
$8.1[51] – $14[52] $9.2 – $16 100000 – 220000 2010 Haiti earthquake Earthquake 2010 Haiti
$7.9[8] $10.3 3035 Hurricane Jeanne Tropical cyclone 2004 North America (, , , others)
$7.9[18] $7.9 211 Hurricane Eta Tropical cyclone 2020 North America (, , , others)
$7.13[53] $7.4 196 Typhoon Rammasun Tropical cyclone 2014 Southeast Asia (, , , others)
$7[54] $13.8 0 Exxon Valdez oil spill Contamination (Oil) 1989 North America (, )
$6.5[8] $9.6 74 Hurricane Floyd Tropical cyclone 1999 North America (, , )
$6.4[55] $9.0 7 Space Shuttle Columbia disaster Space flight accident 2003 United States
$6.2[56] $6.2 630 2017 Iran–Iraq earthquake Earthquake 2017 Iran Iraq
$6.2[57] $7.1 789 Typhoon Morakot Tropical cyclone 2009 Southeast Asia (, , , others)
$6.3[10] $7.57 173 Black Saturday bushfires Wildfire 2009 Australia
$6.1[8] $9.1 11374+ Hurricane Mitch Tropical cyclone 1998 North America (, , , others)
$6.1[31] $7 75 Cyclone Xynthia European windstorm 2010 Southeastern Europe (, , , others)
$6.01[58] $8.6 75 Typhoon Prapiroon Tropical cyclone 2000 Northeast Asia (, , , others)
$6[31] $7.01 26 Cyclone Klaus European windstorm 2009 Southeastern Europe (, , , others)
$6[59] $6.3 5 2013 Alberta floods Flood 2013 Canada
$5.5[31] $7.1 24 Cyclone Gudrun European windstorm 2005 North Europe (, , , others)
$5.5[8] $7.3 51 Hurricane Isabel Tropical cyclone 2003 United States
$5[60] $11.4 10000 – 35000 1985 Mexico City earthquake Earthquake 1985 Mexico
$5[61] $7.9 284 – 590 Typhoon Herb Tropical cyclone 1996 China
$4.7[8] $7.6 63 Hurricane Opal Tropical cyclone 1995 North America (, , , others)
$4.6[62][63][64] $4.8 6329 – 7403 Typhoon Haiyan Tropical cyclone 2013 Southeast Asia (, , , others)
$4.4[65] $5.2 78 Cyclone Gonu Tropical cyclone 2007 Oman
$4.2[66] $4.4 123 Hurricane Manuel Tropical cyclone 2013 Mexico
$4.1[14] $5.8 42 Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2003 Tornado 2003 United States
$4[31] $8.8 22 Great Storm of 1987 European windstorm 1987 Western Europe (, , , others)
$3.6[67] $4.1 7 Cyclone Yasi Tropical cyclone 2011 Australia
$3.2[68] $6.9 7[69] Space Shuttle Challenger disaster Space flight accident 1986 United States
$3.1[8] $5.4 6 Hurricane Iniki Tropical cyclone 1992 United States
$3.0[8] $6.2 318 Hurricane Gilbert Tropical cyclone 1988 North America (, , , others)
$2.9[14] $3.1 22 June 2012 North American derecho Severe storm 2012 United States
$2.9[14] $2.9 3 2019 Midwestern U.S. floods Flood 2019 United States
$2.8[70] $3.1 158 2011 Joplin tornado Tornado 2011 United States
$2.68[71] $3.7 29 AZF chemical plant explosion Explosion 2001 France
$2.5[14] $2.5 8 Tornado outbreak sequence of May 2019 Tornado 2019 United States
$2.5[14] $2.5 2 2017 Montana wildfires Drought, Wildfire 2017 United States
$2.5[14] $2.5 0 2017 Minneapolis hailstorm Hailstorm 2017 United States
$2.2[14] $2.2 0 2017 Denver hailstorm Hailstorm 2017 United States
$2.1[14] $2.1 0 Tornado outbreak of March 6–7, 2017 Tornado 2017 United States
$2[72] $2.2 33 Costa Concordia disaster Maritime disaster 2012 Italy
$2 – $4[73] $2 – $4 370 2017 Central Mexico earthquake Earthquake 2017 Mexico
$1.4[74] $1.4 44 Cyclone Winston Tropical cyclone 2016 Fiji
$1.24 – $2[75] $1.7 – $2.7 15 Cedar Fire Wildfire 2003 United States
$1.2 – $1.4[76][18][77] $1.2 – $1.4 0 2020 Calgary hailstorm Hailstorm 2020 Canada
$1.1[78] $3.8 0 Three Mile Island accident Contamination (Radiation) 1979 United States
$1[79] $2.3 22540 Armero tragedy Volcano 1985 Colombia
$0.9[80] $0.9 14 2016 Great Smoky Mountains wildfires Wildfire 2016 United States
$0.8 – $1.1[81] $3.6 – $4.9 71 Cyclone Tracy Tropical cyclone 1974 Australia
$0.8 – $1.3[82] $0.9 – $1.4 0 2014 Paris Hailstorm Hailstorm 2014 France
$0.7[83] $1.3 800 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption Volcano 1991 Philippines
$0.7[84] $0.8 1 2011 Slave Lake wildfire Wildfire 2011 Canada
$0.5 $0.6 13 I-35W Mississippi River Bridge collapse Structure failure 2007 United States
$0.4 $0.6 0 Ariane 5 Flight 501 Space flight accident 1996 French Guiana

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