Lists of earthquakes

Earthquakes are caused by movements within the Earth's crust and uppermost mantle. They range from events too weak to be detectable except by sensitive instrumentation, to sudden and violent events lasting many minutes which have caused some of the greatest disasters in human history. Below, earthquakes are listed by period, region or country, year, magnitude, cost, fatalities and number of scientific studies.

Earthquakes (M6.0+) between 1900 and 2017

Lists by period

Lists by country

Lists by region

Largest earthquakes by year
See also: List of largest 21st-century earthquakes per year

Largest earthquakes by magnitude
A pie chart comparing the seismic moment release of the three largest earthquakes for the hundred-year period from 1906 to 2005 with that for all earthquakes of magnitudes <6, 6 to 7, 7 to 8 and >8 for the same period. The 2011 Japan quake would be roughly similar to Sumatra.
Earthquakes of magnitude 8.0 and greater from 1900 to 2018. The apparent 3D volumes of the bubbles are linearly proportional to their respective fatalities.[1] The colour indicates the continent, and the legend counts the number of quakes for each. Notice the absence of Africa.

Listed below are all the 36 known earthquakes with an estimated magnitude of 8.5 or higher since 1500. Limited to a timeframe with enough data, this gives a rough estimate of its frequency per century. (The timeframe does not include outlying events like the earlier 1361 Shōhei earthquake and 869 Sanriku earthquake, both estimated to have magnitude ≥ 8.5.)

Prior to the development and deployment of seismographs – starting around 1900 – magnitudes can only be estimated, based on historical reports of the extent and severity of damage.[2]

Rank Date Location Event Magnitude
1 May 22, 1960 Valdivia, Chile 1960 Valdivia earthquake 9.4–9.6
2 March 27, 1964 Prince William Sound, Alaska, United States 1964 Alaska earthquake 9.2
3 December 26, 2004 Indian Ocean, Sumatra, Indonesia 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake 9.1–9.3
4 March 11, 2011 Pacific Ocean, Tōhoku region, Japan 2011 Tōhoku earthquake 9.1[3]
5 July 8, 1730 Valparaiso, Chile (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1730 Valparaiso earthquake 9.1–9.3 (est.)[4]
6 November 4, 1952 Kamchatka, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union 1952 Kamchatka earthquakes 9.0[5]
7 August 13, 1868 Arica, Chile (then Peru) 1868 Arica earthquake 8.5–9.0 (est.)
8 January 26, 1700 Pacific Ocean, US and Canada (then claimed by the Spanish Empire and the British Empire) 1700 Cascadia earthquake 8.7–9.2 (est.)
9 April 2, 1762 Chittagong, Bangladesh (then Kingdom of Mrauk U) 1762 Arakan earthquake 8.8 (est.)
10 November 25, 1833 Sumatra, Indonesia (then part of the Dutch East Indies) 1833 Sumatra earthquake 8.8 (est.)
11 January 31, 1906 Ecuador – Colombia 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake 8.8[6]
12 February 27, 2010 Offshore Maule, Chile 2010 Chile earthquake 8.8[6]
13 August 15, 1950 Assam, India – Tibet, China 1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake 8.7
14 October 28, 1707 Pacific Ocean, Shikoku region, Japan 1707 Hōei earthquake 8.7–9.3 (est.)
15 November 1, 1755 Atlantic Ocean, Lisbon, Portugal 1755 Lisbon earthquake 8.5–9.0
16 February 4, 1965 Rat Islands, Alaska, United States 1965 Rat Islands earthquake 8.7
17 October 28, 1746 Lima, Peru (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake 8.6 (est.)
18 March 28, 1787 Oaxaca, Mexico (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1787 Mexico earthquake 8.6 (est.)
19 March 9, 1957 Andreanof Islands, Alaska, United States 1957 Andreanof Islands earthquake 8.6[6]
20 March 28, 2005 Sumatra, Indonesia 2005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake 8.6[6]
21 April 11, 2012 Indian Ocean, Sumatra, Indonesia 2012 Aceh earthquake 8.6
22 December 16, 1575 Valdivia, Chile (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1575 Valdivia earthquake 8.5 (est.)
23 November 24, 1604 Arica, Chile (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1604 Arica earthquake 8.5 (est.)
24 May 13, 1647 Santiago, Chile (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1647 Santiago earthquake 8.5 (est.)
25 May 24, 1751 Concepción, Chile (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1751 Concepción earthquake 8.5 (est.)
26 November 19, 1822 Valparaíso, Chile 1822 Valparaíso earthquake 8.5 (est.)
27 February 20, 1835 Concepción, Chile 1835 Concepción earthquake 8.5 (est.)
28 February 16, 1861 Sumatra, Indonesia 1861 Sumatra earthquake 8.5
29 May 9, 1877 Iquique, Chile (then Peru) 1877 Iquique earthquake 8.5 (est.)
30 November 10, 1922 Atacama Region, Chile Catamarca Province, Argentina 1922 Vallenar earthquake 8.5[7]
31 February 1, 1938 Banda Sea, Indonesia (then part of the Dutch East Indies) 1938 Banda Sea earthquake 8.5[6]
32 October 13, 1963 Kuril Islands, Russia (USSR) 1963 Kuril Islands earthquake 8.5[6]
33 October 20, 1687 Lima, Peru (then part of the Spanish Empire) 1687 Peru earthquake 8.5 (est.)
34 October 17, 1737 Kamchatka, Russia 1737 Kamchatka earthquakes 8.5 (est.)
35 June 15, 1896 Pacific Ocean, Tōhoku region, Japan 1896 Sanriku earthquake 8.5 (est.)
36 July 25, 1668 Shandong, China 1668 Shandong earthquake 8.5 (est.)[8]
37 March 31, 1761 Atlantic Ocean, Lisbon, Portugal 1761 Portugal earthquake 8.5 (est.)[9]

Statistics are,

CenturyNumber with
magnitude ≥ 8.5
1501–16001
1601–17004
1701–18008
1801–19007
1901–200010
2001–20205
Total35

Note that historical records are known to be incomplete. Earthquakes that occurred in remote areas prior to the advent of modern instrumentation in the early to mid 1900s were not well-reported, and exact locations and magnitudes of such events are often unknown. Therefore, the apparent increase in large earthquake frequency over the last few centuries is unlikely to be accurate.

Largest earthquakes by country/territory
  • This list is a work in progress. Information is likely to be changed.
  • The list refers to current country boundaries rather than those at the date of the earthquake
  • Please note, multiple countries could have the same earthquake listed, such as the 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake being listed for both Ecuador and Colombia.
  • Unless otherwise noted, magnitudes are reported on the Moment magnitude scale (Mw).
Country/Territory Magnitude Date More information
Afghanistan 7.8 15 November 1921 [10]
Albania 6.7 30 November 1967 [11]
Algeria 7.1 10 October 1980 1980 El Asnam earthquake
Antarctica 8.1 25 March 1998 [12]
Armenia 6.8 Ms 7 December 1988 1988 Armenian earthquake
Argentina 7.5 27 October 1894 1894 San Juan earthquake
Australia 6.7 22 January 1988 [13]
Austria 5.5–6.0 15 September 1590 1590 Neulengbach earthquake
Azerbaijan 6.9 25 November 1667 1667 Shamakhi earthquake
Bangladesh 8.8 2 April 1762 1762 Arakan earthquake
Belgium 6.3 18 September 1692 1692 Verviers earthquake[14]
Bhutan 6.6 21 January 1941 [15]
Bolivia 8.2 9 June 1994 1994 Bolivia earthquake
Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.4 27 October 1969 1969 Banja Luka earthquake
Botswana 6.7 11 October 1952 [16]
Brazil 7.6 9 November 1963 [17]
British Indian Ocean Territory 7.3 30 November 1983 [18]
Bulgaria 7.2 Ms [19] 4 April 1904 see List of earthquakes in Bulgaria
Burundi 5.3 mb 29 January 1978 [20]
Canada 8.7–9.2 26 January 1700 1700 Cascadia earthquake
Chile 9.5 22 May 1960 1960 Valdivia earthquake
China 8.6 15 August 1950 1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake
Cocos Islands 7.9 18 June 2000 [21]
Colombia 8.8 31 January 1906 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake
Comoros 6.0 29 April 1952 [22]
Costa Rica 7.7 22 April 1991 1991 Limon earthquake
Croatia 6.4 29 December 2020 2020 Petrinja earthquake
Cuba 7.5–7.9 Ms[23][24] 21 June 1900 List of earthquakes in Cuba[23]
Cyprus 7.0 11 May 1222 1222 Cyprus earthquake
Czech Republic 4.8 ML  23 December 1985 [25]
Democratic Republic of the Congo 6.8 5 December 2005 2005 Lake Tanganyika earthquake
Denmark 4.4 ML [26][27][28] 19 February 2010 Jutland
Djibouti 6.5 20 August 1989 [29]
Dominican Republic 8.1 Ms 4 August 1946 1946 Dominican Republic earthquake
Ecuador 8.8 31 January 1906 1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake
Egypt 7.3 22 November 1995 1995 Gulf of Aqaba earthquake
El Salvador 8.0 MI 19 December 1862 [30]
Eritrea 6.2 23 September 1915 [31]
Estonia 4.5–4.7 mb  25 October 1976 1976 Osmussaare earthquake
Ethiopia 6.5 30 June 1919 [32]
Finland 4.7 4 November 1898 Tornio, 66.2°N, 25.0°E[33]
Fiji 8.2 19 August 2018 2018 Fiji earthquake[34]
France 6.0 11 June 1909 1909 Provence earthquake
Gabon 6.2 Ms  23 September 1974 [35]
Germany 6.1 18 February 1756 1756 Düren earthquake
Georgia 7.0 29 April 1991 1991 Racha earthquake
Ghana 6.5 ML  22 June 1939 [36]
Greece 8.5+ 21 July 365 365 Crete earthquake
Guam 7.8 8 August 1993 [37]
Guatemala 7.7 6 August 1942 1942 Guatemala earthquake
Guyana 5.6 31 January 2021 [38]
Guinea 6.3 22 December 1983 1983 Guinea earthquake[39]
Haiti 8.1 Ms 7 May 1842 1842 Cap-Haïtien earthquake
Honduras 7.5 10 January 2018 2018 Swan Islands earthquake
Hungary 6.3 ML 28 June 1763 1763 Komárom earthquake
Iceland 6.9 28 March 1963 [40]
India 8.6 15 August 1950 1950 Assam–Tibet earthquake
Indonesia 9.1–9.3 26 December 2004 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
Iran 7.9 Ms 22 December 856 856 Damghan earthquake
Iraq 7.0 22 September 1666 Mosul[41]
Israel 6.3 11 July 1927 1927 Jericho earthquake
Italy 7.4 11 January 1693 1693 Sicily earthquake
Japan 9.1 11 March 2011 2011 Tōhoku earthquake
Jordan 6.3 11 July 1927 1927 Jericho earthquake
Jamaica 7.7 28 January 2020 2020 Caribbean earthquake
Kazakhstan 7.7 3 January 1911 1911 Kebin earthquake
Kenya 7.0 6 January 1928 [42]
Kyrgyzstan 7.7 3 January 1911 1911 Kebin earthquake
Laos 6.9 Ms  24 June 1983 [43]
Lebanon 7.5 9 July 551 551 Beirut earthquake
Libya 6.8 19 April 1935 [44]
Madagascar 5.6 21 April 1991 [45]
Malawi 6.2 mb  10 March 1989 [46]
Malaysia 6.2 26 July 1976 1976 Sabah earthquake
Maldives 7.1 29 February 1944 [47]
Malta 7.4 11 January 1693 1693 Sicily earthquake [48]
Mauritius 6.7 26 July 1976 [49]
Mayotte 6.0 29 April 1952 [50]
Mexico 8.6 28 March 1787 1787 Mexico earthquake
Micronesia 7.1 15 November 1929 [51]
Mongolia 8.3 23 July 1905 1905 Bolnai earthquake and 1905 Tsetserleg earthquake
Montenegro 6.9 15 April 1979 1979 Montenegro earthquake
Morocco 6.3 24 February 2004 2004 Al Hoceima earthquake
Mozambique 7.0 22 February 2006 2006 Mozambique earthquake
Myanmar 8.0 12 September 1946 1946 Sagaing earthquakes [52]
Namibia 5.1 31 July 2009 [53]
Nepal 8.2–8.8 (Estimated) 6 June 1505 1505 Lo Mustang earthquake
Netherlands 5.3 13 April 1992 1992 Roermond earthquake
New Zealand 8.3 23 January 1855 1855 Wairarapa earthquake
Nicaragua 7.7 2 September 1992 1992 Nicaragua earthquake
North Korea 6.3 19 March 1952 [54]
North Macedonia 6.1 26 July 1963 1963 Skopje earthquake
Northern Mariana Islands 7.7 29 July 2016 [55]
Norway 6.7 9 November 2018 2018 Jan Mayen earthquake[56]
Pakistan 8.1 28 November 1945 1945 Balochistan earthquake
Palau 7.8 16 August 1911 [57]
Panama 7.5 Ms  18 July 1934 [58]
Papua New Guinea 8.1 26 July 1971 1971 Solomon Islands earthquakes
Paraguay 6.5 28 February 1989 [59]
Peru 8.6 28 October 1746 1746 Lima–Callao earthquake
Philippines 8.3 15 August 1918 1918 Celebes Sea earthquake
Poland 5.8 mb  6 August 1983 near Głogów [60]
Portugal 8.5–9.0 1 November 1755 1755 Lisbon earthquake
Puerto Rico 8.0 2 May 1787 1787 Boricua earthquake
Réunion 5.3 mb  6 April 2007 [61]
Romania 7.9 26 October 1802 1802 Vrancea earthquake
Rwanda 5.9 3 February 2008 [62]
Russia 9.0 4 November 1952 1952 Kamchatka earthquake
Samoa 8.1 29 September 2009 2009 Samoa earthquake and tsunami
Saudi Arabia 6.2 11 January 1941 Jizan Region
Serbia 5.5 22 September 1998 1998 Mionica earthquake
Slovakia 5.8 28 June 1763 [63]
Slovenia 6.1 ML  14 April 1895 1895 Ljubljana earthquake
Solomon Islands 8.1 1 April 2007 2007 Solomon Islands earthquake
Somalia 5.6 3 July 1951 [64]
South Africa 6.3 29 September 1969 1969 Tulbagh earthquake
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands 8.1 27 June 1929 [65]
South Korea 5.4 12 September 2016 2016 Gyeongju earthquake
South Sudan 7.2 Ms  20 May 1990 [66]
Spain 7.8 29 March 1954 [67]
Sweden 4.9 18 May 2020 [68]
Switzerland 6.5 18 October 1356 1356 Basel earthquake
Syria 7.6 Ms  20 May 1202 1202 Syria earthquake
Taiwan 8.2 5 June 1920 [69]
Tajikistan 7.5 10 July 1949 1949 Khait earthquake
Tanzania 7.3 13 December 1910 [70]
Thailand 6.1 5 May 2014 2014 Mae Lao earthquake
Tonga 8.1 30 April 1919 [71]
Trinidad and Tobago 6.7 22 April 1997 [72][73]
Tunisia 5.5 20 February 1957 [74]
Turkey 7.8 27 December 1939 1939 Erzincan earthquake
Turkmenistan 7.3 Ms  5 October 1948 1948 Ashgabat earthquake
Uganda 6.5 30 June 1952 [75]
Ukraine 6.7 11 September 1927 1927 Crimean earthquakes
United Kingdom 6.1 ML 7 June 1931 1931 Dogger Bank earthquake
United States 9.2 27 March 1964 1964 Alaska earthquake
Uruguay 5.5 Ms  5 June 1888 1888 Rio de la Plata earthquake
Uzbekistan 7.0 19 March 1984 [76]
Vanuatu 8.1 20 September 1920 [77]
Venezuela 7.7 29 October 1900 [78]
Vietnam 6.9 June 24, 1983 [79]
Yemen 6.3 13 December 1982 1982 North Yemen earthquake
Zambia 6.7 1 May 1919 [80]

Costliest earthquakes

This is a list of major earthquakes by the dollar value of property (public and private) losses directly attributable to the earthquake. Rank values are assigned based on inflation-adjusted comparison of property damage in US dollars. Wherever possible, indirect and socioeconomic losses are excluded. Please note that damage estimates for particular earthquakes may vary throughout time as more data becomes available.

Rank Event Location Magnitude Property damage
1 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami Japan 9.1[3] $235 billion[81][82]
2 1995 Great Hanshin earthquake Japan 6.9 $200 billion[83]
3 2008 Sichuan earthquake Sichuan, China 8.0 $86 billion[84]
4 2004 Chūetsu earthquake Japan 6.8 $28 billion[85][86]
5 1999 İzmit earthquake Turkey 7.6 $20 billion[85]
6 2012 Emilia earthquakes Italy 6.1[87] $15.8 billion[88]
7 2011 Christchurch earthquake South Island, New Zealand 6.3[89] $15–40 billion[90][91]
8 2010 Chile earthquake Chile 8.8[92] $15–30 billion[92]
9 1980 Irpinia earthquake Italy 6.9[85] $15 billion[85]
10 1994 Northridge earthquake Los Angeles, United States 6.7 $13–44 billion
11 1976 Tangshan earthquake Hebei, China 7.8 $10 billion[93]
12 1999 Jiji earthquake Taiwan 7.6 $10 billion
13 April 2015 Nepal earthquake Nepal 7.8 $10 billion[94]
14 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake California, United States 6.9 $5.6–6 billion
15 1923 Great Kantō earthquake Tokyo, Japan 7.9 $600 million[85]
16 1906 San Francisco earthquake San Francisco, United States 7.7 to 7.9 (est.)[87] $400 million[87]

Deadliest earthquakes
Main article: List of deadliest earthquakes
See also: List of deadliest 21st-century earthquakes per year

The following is a summary list of earthquakes with over approximately 100,000 deaths:

Deadliest earthquakes[95]
Rank Event Date Location Fatalities Magn­itude Notes
1 1556 Shaanxi earthquakeJanuary 23, 1556Shaanxi, China820,000–830,000 [96]8.0Estimated death toll in Shaanxi, China
2 1976 Tangshan earthquakeJuly 28, 1976Hebei, China242,769–700,000+ [97][98][99]7.8
3 1920 Haiyuan earthquakeDecember 16, 1920Ningxia–Gansu, China273,400[97][100]7.8Major fractures, landslides.
4 526 Antioch earthquakeMay 21, 526Antioch, Byzantine Empire (modern-day Turkey)250,000[101]7.0 [102]Procopius (II.14.6), sources based on John of Ephesus.
5 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunamiDecember 26, 2004Indian Ocean, Sumatra, Indonesia227,8989.1–9.3Deaths from earthquake and resulting tsunami.
6 1138 Aleppo earthquakeOctober 11, 1138Aleppo, Syria130,000–230,000[103]7.1[103]The figure of 230,000 dead is based on a historical conflation of this earthquake with earthquakes in November 1137 on the Jazira plain and on September 30, 1139 in the Azerbaijani city of Ganja. The first mention of a 230,000 death toll was by Ibn Taghribirdi in the fifteenth century.[104]
7 2010 Haiti earthquakeJanuary 12, 2010Haiti100,000-316,000 (estimates)7.0Estimates vary from 316,000 (Haitian government) to 222,570 (UN OCHA estimate)[105] to 158,000 (Medicine, Conflict and Survival) to between 85,000 and 46,000 (report commissioned by USAID).[106][107]
8 1303 Hongdong earthquake July 25, 1303 Shanxi, China 200,000 [108] 8.0 Taiyuan and Pingyang were leveled.
9 856 Damghan earthquakeDecember 22, 856Damghan, Iran200,0007.9 Ms
10 893 Ardabil earthquakeMarch 22, 893Ardabil, Iran150,000UnknownReports probably relate to the 893 Dvin earthquake, due to misreading of the Arabic word for Dvin, 'Dabil' as 'Ardabil'.[109] This is regarded as a 'fake earthquake'.[110]
11 533 Aleppo earthquakeNovember 29, 533Syria130,000[111]Unknown
12 1908 Messina earthquakeDecember 28, 1908Messina, Italy123,000[112]7.1The ground shook for 30 to 40 seconds around 5:20 am, and destruction occurred within a 300 km radius. 91% of structures in Messina were destroyed and ~70,000 residents died. Rescuers searched for weeks, and whole families were pulled out alive days later. A 40-foot (12 m) tsunami struck nearby coasts. Reggio Calabria on the Italian mainland also suffered heavy damage.
13 1948 Ashgabat earthquakeOctober 6, 1948Ashgabat, Turkmen SSR (modern-day Turkmenistan)10,000–110,0007.3 Ms
14 1923 Great Kantō earthquakeSeptember 1, 1923Kantō region, Japan105,385[113]7.9This earthquake with an epicenter beneath Izu Ōshima Island in Sagami Bay, shook the Kantō plain on the Japanese island of Honshū at 11:58 am. Shaking duration reported between 4 and 10 minutes, devastating Tokyo, Yokohama, Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka.[114] Shaking slid the 93-ton Great Buddha statue at Kamakura almost two feet forward. Casualty estimates range from 100,000 to 142,800, the latter figure including ~40,000 missing later presumed dead.
15 1290 Chihli earthquakeSeptember 27, 1290Ningcheng, China100,000[115]6.8 Ms

Most studied earthquakes

The 50 most studied earthquakes according to the International Seismological Centre (ISC), based on a count of scientific papers (mostly in English) that discuss that earthquake. The "Event #" is linked to the ISC Event Bibliography for that event.

RankEvent origin timeISC Event #PapersISC codeEvent
1 2011-03-11 05:46:23164612821519TOHOKU20112011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
2 2008-05-12 06:27:59132281211217WENCHUAN20082008 Sichuan earthquake
3 2004-12-26 00:58:527453151836SUMATRA20042004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
4 1999-09-20 17:47:161718616640CHI-CHI19991999 Jiji earthquake
5 1994-01-17 12:30:54189275466NORTHRIDGE19941994 Northridge earthquake
6 1995-01-16 20:46:51124708451SHYOGO1995Great Hanshin earthquake
7 1989-10-18 00:04:14389808424LOMAPRIETA19891989 Loma Prieta earthquake
8 2009-04-06 01:32:4213438018420LAQUILA20092009 L'Aquila earthquake
9 2010-02-27 06:34:1314340585392MAULE20102010 Chile earthquake
10 1992-06-28 11:57:35289086383LANDERS19921992 Landers earthquake
11 1999-08-17 00:01:381655218361IZMIT19991999 İzmit earthquake
12 2015-04-25 06:11:26607208674298GORKHA2015April 2015 Nepal earthquake
13 1964-03-28 03:36:13869809249ALASKA19641964 Alaska earthquake
14 1985-09-19 13:17:50516095236MEXICOCITY19851985 Mexico City earthquake
15 1960-05-22 19:11:20879136236CHILE19601960 Valdivia earthquake
16 1971-02-09 14:00:40787038227SANFERNANDO19711971 San Fernando earthquake
17 2001-01-26 03:16:401763683221BHUJ20012001 Gujarat earthquake
18 2010-09-03 16:35:4615155483216DARFIELD20102010 Canterbury earthquake
19 1976-07-27 19:42:53711732195TANGSHAN19761976 Tangshan earthquake
20 1976-05-06 20:00:12713583187FRIULI19761976 Friuli earthquake
21 1980-11-23 18:34:52635924178IRPINIA19801980 Irpinia earthquake
22 2003-09-25 19:50:077134409177TOKACHI-0KI20032003 Hokkaidō earthquake
23 2013-04-20 00:02:47607304721172LUSHAN20132013 Lushan earthquake
24 2011-02-21 23:51:4216168897170CHRISTCHURCH2011A2011 Christchurch earthquake
25 2016-04-15 16:25:06610289055170KUMAMOTO20162016 Kumamoto earthquakes
26 2004-09-28 17:15:247406045166PARKFIELD2004Parkfield earthquake
27 2005-03-28 16:09:357486110165NIAS20052005 Nias–Simeulue earthquake
28 2004-10-23 08:55:587421058162MID-NIIGATA20042004 Chūetsu earthquake
29 2012-05-20 02:03:53601025379153EMILIA2012A2012 Northern Italy earthquakes
30 1999-10-16 09:46:451643776150HECTOR-MINE19991999 Hector Mine earthquake
31 2001-11-14 09:26:102331800148KUNLUN20012001 Kunlun earthquake
32 2005-10-08 03:50:357703077144KASHMIR20052005 Kashmir earthquake
33 2002-11-03 22:12:416123395141DENALI20022002 Denali earthquake
34 1988-12-07 07:41:24417441139ARMENIA19881988 Armenian earthquake
35 1999-11-12 16:57:191650092137DUZCE19991999 Düzce earthquake
36 1979-10-15 23:16:57657282132IMPERIAL19791979 Imperial Valley earthquake
37 2003-12-26 01:56:537217667128BAM20032003 Bam earthquake
38 1923-09-01 02:58:35911526127KANTO19231923 Great Kantō earthquake
39 2010-01-12 21:53:1014226221125HAITI20102010 Haiti earthquake
40 1983-05-26 02:59:58577008114SEAOFJAPAN19831983 Sea of Japan earthquake
41 2012-05-29 07:00:04605482196111EMILIA2012B2012 Northern Italy earthquakes
42 1997-09-26 09:40:251043512102UMBRIA-MARCHE1997B1997 Umbria and Marche earthquake
43 2000-10-06 04:30:171839998100TOTTORI20002000 Tottori earthquake
44 2008-06-13 23:43:461337736197IWATE-MIYAGI20082008 Iwate–Miyagi Nairiku earthquake
45 2007-07-16 01:13:211276976996CHUETSU-0KI20072007 Chūetsu offshore earthquake
46 2010-04-13 23:49:371457307596YUSHU 20102010 Yushu earthquake
47 1977-03-04 19:21:5470069596ROMANIAN19771977 Vrancea earthquake
48 2011-10-23 10:41:221739427091VAN20112011 Van earthquakes
49 1975-02-04 11:36:0573196180HAICHENG19751975 Haicheng earthquake
50 2007-03-25 00:41:571170327873NOTO-HANTO20072007 Noto earthquake

modified from figure 2, "The most studied events", at the ISC's Overview of the ISC Event Bibliography.

International Seismological Centre. Event Bibliography. Thatcham, United Kingdom, http://www.isc.ac.uk/. 2018.

See also

References
  1. "Magnitude 8 and Greater Earthquakes Since 1900". usgs.gov. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016.
  2. Johnston, Arch C.; Halchuk, Stephen (June–July 1993), "The seismicity data base for the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program", Annali di Geofisica, 36 (3–4): 133–151, pp. 140, 142 et seq.
  3. "M 9.1 – near the east coast of Honshu, Japan". Earthquake Hazards Program. USGS. 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2016.
  4. Carvajal, M.; Cisternas, M.; Catalán, P.A. (2017). "Source of the 1730 Chilean earthquake from historical records: Implications for the future tsunami hazard on the coast of Metropolitan Chile". Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 122 (5): 3648–3660. doi:10.1002/2017JB014063.
  5. "Historic Earthquakes – Kamchatka Archived August 25, 2009, at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Geological Survey, October 26, 2009.
  6. "Magnitude 8 and Greater Earthquakes Since 1900 Archived May 10, 2011, at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Geological Survey, March 7, 2010
  7. "Historic Earthquakes – Chile-Argentina Border Archived November 13, 2009, at the Wayback Machine." U.S. Geological Survey, October 26, 2009.
  8. "Significant Earthquake Information CHINA: SHANDONG PROVINCE". NGCD. Retrieved December 9, 2020.
  9. NCEI Global Historical Hazard Database. "Significant Earthquake Information PORTUGAL: LISBON". www.ngdc.noaa.gov. Retrieved February 1, 2021.
  10. "The Largest Earthquakes in Afghanistan". earthquaketrack.com. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  11. "M 6.7 – Albania". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  12. ANSS. "8.1 magnitude earthquake near Balleny Islands region : March 25, 1998 03:12". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
  13. "NT 1988 earthquake now rated Australia's biggest". ABC News. May 12, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  14. Petermans, T.; Devleeschouwer, X.; Pouriel, F.; Rosset, P. (2006), "Mapping the local seismic hazard in the urban area of Brussels, Belgium (IAEG2006 Paper number 424)" (PDF), IAEG2006 — 10th IAEG International Congress : Nottingham, Geological Society of London
  15. "6.6 magnitude earthquake near Trashigang, Tashigang, Bhutan and Guwahati, Assam, India : January 21, 1941 12:41". earthquaketrack.com. Retrieved April 3, 2017.
  16. Simon, RE; Kwadiba, MTO; King, JG; Moidaki, M (2012). "A History of Botswana's Seismic Network". Botswana Notes and Records. 44: 184–192.
  17. M7.6 – Peru-Brazil border region, USGS
  18. "The Largest Earthquakes in Chagos Archipelago". earthquaketrack.com. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  19. Ambraseys, N. (2001), "The Kresna earthquake of 1904 in Bulgaria", Annals of Geophysics Journal, INGV, 44 (1): 102, doi:10.4401/ag-3614
  20. "M 5.3 – Burundi". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
  21. "M 7.9 – South Indian Ocean". earthquake.usgs.gov. Retrieved July 12, 2017.
  22. "The Largest Earthquakes in Comoros". earthquaketrack.com. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  23. The 1766 Santiago earthquake killed more people, but the 1900 earthquake had a higher intensity. "14 Significant Earthquakes where (Year <= 2016 and Year >= 1000) and Country = CUBA and Region Code = 90". NCEI Significant Earthquake search. National Centers for Environmental Information, United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017.
  24. It was 7.9 Ms according to McCann and Pennington, with its exact epicenter undetermined. McCann, William R. & Pennington, Wayne D. (1990). "Seismicity, large earthquakes and the margin of the Caribbean Plate". In Dengo, Gabriel & Case, James E. (eds.). The Caribbean region. The Geology of North America. Boulder, Colorado: Geological Society of America. pp. 291–306, page 300. ISBN 978-0-8137-5212-9.
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