List of mammals of Florida

Of the bats listed below, thirteen are confirmed to be resident species - all of them are insectivorous. Five species had very low numbers reported, and can be classified as accidental species: the Indiana bat, Jamaican fruit bat, little brown bat, northern long-eared myotis, and the silver-haired bat. Some bats not in this list, but with reported sightings in the Lower Keys, are the buffy flower bat, Cuban flower bat, and Cuban fig-eating bat.[4]

Bats can be classified in two groups by their roosting habits: solitary-roosting and colony-roosting bats.

Solitary bats prefer to live in leaves, palm fronds, and Spanish moss. Resident bats in this category are the eastern red bat, the northern yellow bat, and the Seminole bat. Hoary bats are not considered residents, because they migrate to Mexico and South America to spend the winter, but are considered a native species.[5]

The remaining species are considered to be colony-roosting bats. Darker than their solitary counterparts and less furry, these bats prefer to live under bridges, in tree holes or caves. Only three Florida species live in caves: the eastern pipistrelle, the gray bat and the southeastern myotis. Florida has the highest concentration of southeastern myotis in the world.[5]

The greatest threat to bats in Florida is the disturbance or destruction of roost sites, due to either vandalism or urban development.[5]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red list
Family Molossidae: Free-tailed bat
Florida bonneted bat	Eumops floridanus (Allen, 1932)	rare, endemic to southern Florida	[6]
Velvety free-tailed bat	Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766)	rare; Lower Keys	[7]
Mexican free-tailed bat	Tadarida brasiliensis (I. Geoffroy, 1824)	common, statewide except for Keys	[8]
Family Phyllostomidae: Leaf-nosed bats
Jamaican fruit bat	Artibeus jamaicensis (Leach, 1821)	rare, Lower Keys only	[9]
Family Vespertilionidae: Vesper bats
Rafinesque's big-eared bat	Corynorhinus rafinesquii Lesson, 1827	rare, statewide except southern tip of peninsula and Keys	[10]
Big brown bat	Eptesicus fuscus (Beauvois, 1796)	common statewide except for Keys	[11]
Silver-haired bat	Lasionycteris noctivagans (La Conte, 1831)	rare; known only from north Santa Rosa County and possibly north Nassau County	[12]
Eastern red bat	Lasiurus borealis (Müller, 1776)	uncommon; panhandle and northern quarter of peninsula	[13]
Hoary bat	Lasiurus cinereus (Beauvois, 1796)	uncommon, panhandle and northern half of peninsula	[14]
Northern yellow bat	Lasiurus intermedius H. Allen, 1862	common statewide except southern tip of peninsula and Keys	[15]
Seminole bat	Lasiurus seminolus (Rhoads, 1895)	common, statewide except southern tip of peninsula and Keys	[16]
Southeastern myotis	Myotis austroriparius (Rhoads, 1897)	common; cave habitats in panhandle and, disjunct, northeastern and northcentral peninsula	[17]
Gray bat	Myotis griscens A.H. Howell, 1909	rare, known only from panhandle, Marianna area	[18]
Little brown bat	Myotis lucifugus (La Conte, 1831)	rare, known only from panhandle and Okaloosa County	[19]
Northern long-eared myotis	Myotis septentrionalis (Trouessart, 1897)	rare, known only from panhandle, Marianna and Jackson counties	[20]
Indiana bat	Myotis sodalis Miller & Allen, 1922	rare, known only from panhandle, Marianna and Jackson counties	[21]
Evening bat	Nycticeius humeralis (Rafinesque, 1818)	uncommon; panhandle and northern quarter of peninsula	[22]
Eastern pipistrelle	Perimyotis subflavus (F. Cuvier, 1832)	uncommon; panhandle and northern half of peninsula	[23]

Florida panther

Coyotes arrived in northern Florida in the 1970s as their natural range expanded. Illegal releases, as well as the extirpation of the red wolf and gray wolf from the state, were factors in their occupation of the state. Coyotes are extremely adaptable, living in all types of forests and farms.[24]

Florida has two types of foxes. The native gray fox can be found in the United States almost anywhere, except the northern plains and Rockies. It is sometimes confused with the red fox due to having patches of red hair.[25] The red fox was introduced to Florida by hunting clubs, although it may have been native in the northern panhandle. Its preferred habitats are open areas, while the gray fox prefers woods.[26]

Red wolves were once common throughout the southeastern US, including Florida. Extinct in the wild in 1980, it has been progressively introduced to select nature preserves. The present population was introduced as part of this recovery program in 1997 to the Saint Vincent National Refuge;[27] once red wolf pups reach 18 months, they are relocated to the North Carolina portion of the program.[28] A subspecies of grey wolf, the florida black wolf (Canis lupus floridanus) was also endemic to the state, but became extinct in the 19th century.

Bobcats are well adapted to urban development and are not a conservation concern. They make their home in hammocks, forests or swamps.[29]

The Florida panther (Puma concolor coryi) is a subspecies of cougar. Its main differences from other subspecies are longer legs, smaller size and a shorter darker coat. The skull of the Florida panther is broader and flatter with highly arched nasal bones.[30] Reportedly only seventy adult animals are alive,[31] and a 1992 study estimated that the subspecies would become extinct between 2016 and 2055.[32] It was chosen in 1982 as the Florida state animal by the state's schoolchildren.[33]

Two of the eleven species of skunks live in Florida. Both the eastern spotted skunk and the striped skunk can be found statewide (except for the Keys).

Small populations of the Everglades mink (Mustela vison evergladensis), a subspecies of American mink, are encountered near Lake Okeechobee, and in the Big Cypress Swamp-Everglades National Park area.[34]

Northern river otters are a common sight close to freshwater streams in Florida. The population is increasing.[35]

Raccoons are prevalent in the contiguous 48 states, including Florida. Adaptable to almost all kinds of habitats, they are among the few which actually benefit from human development, since food becomes more available. Attacks by predators like the bobcat cause minimum mortality, and the main reason for raccoon deaths is considered to be car accidents.[36] They are predators of sea turtle nests.[37]

The Florida black bear, Ursus americanus floridanus, is a subspecies of the American black bear. Differences between subspecies are very small; the Florida black bear has a highly arched forehead and a long and narrow braincase.[38] Estimates for 2002 indicated the number of bears statewide to be between 2,000 and 3,200, indicating an increase from the previous census in 1998. The biggest cause of concern is roadkill, although the rates of mortality are equivalent to other areas in the country.[39]

Florida does not have seal colonies, but stray seals come ashore in Florida occasionally. The most prevalent of those have been the common seal and the hooded seal, although a bearded seal was seen in 2007.[40] The Caribbean monk seal was native to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Once a popular prey for Bahamas fishermen, their numbers diminished greatly in the 1800s. The last sighting of the species in Florida was in 1922, and specimens have not been seen anywhere since 1952.[41]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Felidae: Felines
Bobcat	Lynx rufus (Schreber, 1777)	common; peninsula and northern Keys
Florida panther	Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771)	endemic and rare; restricted to Green Swamp and Big Cypress areas in SW peninsula	[42]
Family Canidae: Canines
Coyote	Canis latrans Say, 1823	uncommon or locally common statewide	[43]
Gray wolf	Canis lupus Linnaeus, 1758	extirpated
Florida black wolf	Canis lupus floridanus Miller, 1912	extinct
Red wolf	Canis lupus rufus (Audubon & Bachman, 1851)	rare; introduced on St. Vincent Island, extirpated elsewhere	[44]
Gray fox	Urocyon cinereoargenteus (Schreber, 1775)	uncommon or locally common statewide	[45]
Red fox	Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758)	uncommon or locally common statewide	[46]
Family Ursidae: Bears
Florida black bear	Ursus americanus floridanus (Pallas, 1780)	rare or uncommon; localized populations statewide except Keys	[47]
Family Procyonidae: Raccoons and allies
Common raccoon	Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758)	abundant, statewide	[48]
Family Mustelidae: Mustelids
Northern river otter	Lontra canadensis (Schreber, 1777)	locally common, mostly freshwater habitats, primarily rivers and streams, statewide except Keys	[49]
Long-tailed weasel	Mustela frenata (Lichtenstein, 1831)	rare; statewide except Everglades and Keys	[50]
Mink	Neovison vison (Schreber, 1777)	rare; coastal marshes in west Panhandle, Big Bend area, northeast area, and Everglades	[51]
Family Mephitidae: Skunks
Striped skunk	Mephitis mephitis (Schreber, 1776)	common; statewide except Keys	[52]
Eastern spotted skunk	Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus, 1758)	common; statewide except northeast corner and Keys	[53]
Superfamily Pinnipedia: Pinnipeds
Family Otariidae: Eared seals
California sea lion	Zalophus californianus (Lesson, 1828)	introduced; accidental sightings had occurred in Florida's gulf coast of wandering individuals from Mobile Bay, Alabama[54]
Family Phocidae: Earless seals
Hooded seal	Cystophora cristata (Erxleben, 1777)	rare; east coastal marine areas to Central Florida	[55]
Bearded seal	Erignathus barbatus (Erxleben, 1777)	rare; east coastal marine areas to Central Florida	[56]
Caribbean monk seal	Neomonachus tropicalis (Erxleben, 1777)	extinct	[57]
Harbor seal	Phoca vitulina (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; east coastal marine areas to Central Florida	[58]

Common bottlenose dolphin in Boca Raton

Of the several whales seen close to Florida, the most frequent and notable visitor is the North Atlantic right whale. Named as such because they were the "right" whales to kill, their only known calving ground is located off the coasts of Georgia and Florida. Pregnant females migrate from feeding grounds located far north and deliver calves from mid-December to March.[59] Humpback whales are also re-colonizing the area while gray whales, once cavorting off Florida for the same reasons as the right whales, were extirpated from the Atlantic in the 17th and 18th centuries.[60]

The most common dolphin in the state is the common bottlenose dolphin. Dolphins, like manatees, are vulnerable to red tide and have mass fatalities when one occurs.[61] Dolphins were designated the Florida state saltwater mammal in 1975.[62]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Balaenidae: Right whales
North Atlantic right whale	Eubalaena glacialis (Linnaeus, 1758)	regular migrant (in very small number); marine areas	[63]
Family Balaenopteridae: Rorquals
Common minke whale	Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804	rare; marine areas	[64]
Sei whale	Balaenoptera borealis (Lesson, 1828)	rare; marine areas	[65]
Bryde's whale	Balaenoptera brydei Anderson, 1878	rare; marine areas	[66]
Blue whale	Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; marine areas	[67]
Fin whale	Balaenoptera physalus (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; marine areas	[68]
Humpback whale	Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781)	common (in small numbers); marine areas	[69]
Family Eschrichtiidae: Grey whales
Grey whale	Eschrichtius robustus (Lilljebor, 1861)	extirpated	[70]
Family Physeteridae: Sperm whales
Sperm whale	Physeter macrocephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; marine areas	[71]
Family Kogiidae: Dwarf sperm whales
Pygmy sperm whale	Kogia breviceps (Blainville, 1838)	uncommon; marine areas	[72]
Dwarf sperm whale	Kogia sima (Owen, 1866)	uncommon; marine areas	[73]
Family Ziphidae: Beaked whales
Blainville's beaked whale	Mesoplodon densirostris (Blainville, 1817)	rare; marine areas	[74]
Gervais' beaked whale	Mesoplodon europaeus (Gervais, 1855)	rare; marine areas	[75]
True's beaked whale	Mesoplodon mirus (True, 1913)	rare; Atlantic marine areas south to Flagler County.	[76]
Cuvier's beaked whale	Ziphius cavirostris (G. Cuvier, 1823)	rare; marine areas	[77]
Family Delphinidae: Oceanic dolphins
Short-beaked common dolphin	Delphinus delphis (Gray, 1828)	rare; marine areas	[78]
Pygmy killer whale	Feresa attenuata (Gray, 1875)	rare; marine areas	[79]
Short-finned pilot whale	Globicephala macrorhynchus Gray, 1846	rare; marine areas	[80]
Risso's dolphin	Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812)	rare; marine areas	[81]
Fraser's dolphin	Lagenodelphis hosei (Fraser, 1956)	rare; marine areas	[82]
Killer whale	Orcinus orca (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; marine areas	[83]
Melon-headed whale	Peponocephala electra (Gray, 1846)	rare; marine areas	[84]
False killer whale	Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846)	rare; marine areas	[85]
Pantropical spotted dolphin	Stenella attenuata (Gray, 1846)	rare; marine areas	[86]
Clymene dolphin	Stenella clymene (Gray, 1846)	rare; marine areas	[87]
Striped dolphin	Stenella coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833)	rare; marine areas	[88]
Atlantic spotted dolphin	Stenella frontalis (G. Cuvier, 1829)	rare; marine areas	[89]
Spinner dolphin	Stenella longirostris (Gray, 1828)	rare; marine areas	[90]
Rough-toothed dolphin	Steno bredanensis (G. Cuvier in Lesson, 1828)	rare; marine areas	[91]
Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin	Tursiops aduncus (Ehrenberg, 1833)	rare; marine areas
Common bottlenose dolphin	Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821)	common; coastal marine areas	[92]

Key deer

The only native even-toed ungulate is the white-tailed deer. It is the most economically important hunting mammal in all of North America, and is one of the major prey animals of the Florida panther. There were only about 20,000 deer in Florida during the late 1930s, and the species was almost extinct in South Florida due to a campaign to eliminate tick-borne diseases. Hunt restraining measures and purchases from other states were very successful bringing the population to more than 700,000 deer statewide. A smaller subspecies, the Key deer, lives only in the Keys and numbers around 800 animals.[93] Sambar deer were introduced in 1908 as alternative game for hunters on Saint Vincent Island. The population is between 700 and 1,000; 130 hunters are licensed per year, and each can kill up to two deer.[94] Some red deer were released from a hunting ranch around 1967 and may still exist as a small herd.[95]

Wild boar found their way to Florida in 1539 with Spanish colonist Hernando de Soto. Florida has 12% of the three million boars that roam in the US.[96] They are a popular hunting prey, but are regarded as a pest, due to the damage they inflict to agriculture and environment. More than 21,000 boar were killed in 1980 alone.[97]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Cervidae: Deer
Chital	Axis axis (Erxleben, 1777)	introduced; uncommon	[98]
Elk	Cervus canadensis	introduced; single population in Highlands County.	[99]
White-tailed deer	Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmerman, 1780)	common statewide; rare in Keys	[100]
Key deer	O. v. clavium Barbour & G. M. Allen, 1922	only in Everglades or Keys
Barasingha	Rucervus duvaucelii G. Cuvier, 1823	introduced[101]	[102]
Sambar deer	Rusa unicolor (Kerr, 1792)	introduced on St. Vincent Island	[103]
Family Bovidae: Bovids
American bison	Bison bison (Linnaeus, 1758)	reintroduced on Payness Prairie Preserve	[104][105][106]
Family Suidae: Pigs
Wild boar	Sus scrofa Linnaeus, 1758	introduced; common	[107]

The Virginia opossum is the only marsupial found in North America north of the Rio Grande. It lives in wooded areas and can be easily found statewide.

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Didelphidae: New World opossums
Virginia opossum	Didelphis virginiana (Kerr, 1792)	common; statewide	[108]

Cingulata are represented by the nine-banded armadillo, having migrated from Texas. Subsequent introductions and fast breeding spread the species statewide.[97]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Dasypodidae: Armadillos
Nine-banded armadillo	Dasypus novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758	common; statewide, except possibly some parts of Everglades	[109]

The rhesus macaque was introduced sometime in the 1930s and has flourished in central Florida. The original source of this population is a matter of debate, with one common belief being that they were brought for Tarzan movies being filmed in the area and either escaped from the set or were set free.[110] Charles River Laboratories, the world's biggest producer of lab animals, maintained a free-range colony until 1999, when they were forced to remove the animals after they destroyed parts of the mangrove forests in Key Haven.[111] Other primates with reported sightings not included in this list are crab-eating macaques and squirrel monkeys.[112]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Cercopithecidae: Old World monkeys
Vervet monkey	Chlorocebus pygerythrus (F. Cuvier, 1821)	introduced; Dania Beach and Fort Lauderdale area	[113]
Rhesus macaque	Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, 1780)	introduced; Ocala and Silver Springs area	[114]

All the confirmed lagomorphs in Florida are nocturnal; the black-tailed jackrabbit—introduced as a training tool for racing greyhounds from 1930 to 1950; the native eastern cottontail, which can be found anywhere but in forests and coastal marshes; and the marsh rabbit, which prefers freshwater and brackish marshes. The subspecies Lower Keys marsh rabbit has the scientific name Sylvilagus palustris hefneri after Hugh Hefner—because research on the subspecies was financed in part by the Playboy Foundation.[115]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Leporidae: Rabbits and hares
Black-tailed jackrabbit	Lepus californicus (Gray, 1837)	introduced; established in Homestead area	[116]
Swamp rabbit	Sylvilagus aquaticus (Bachman, 1837)	rare and unconfirmed; possibly present in Escambia County but no known records	[117]
Eastern cottontail	Sylvilagus floridanus (J. A. Allen, 1890)	common; statewide except Keys	[118]
Marsh rabbit	Sylvilagus palustris (Bachman, 1837)	common; statewide	[119]
Lower Keys marsh rabbit	Sylvilagus palustris hefneri (Lazell, 1984)	Florida Keys

Eastern gray squirrel in Tampa

Of the several species of rodents in Florida, the subspecies of oldfield mouse are the biggest conservation concern, along with the Florida mouse. Six of eight subspecies of the oldfield mouse (commonly named beach mice) are in endangered status, and one is extinct. Given causes for their demise is predators like cats and red foxes and destruction of their natural habitats.[120] The Florida mouse is on the endangered species list because of destruction of their habitat. The mouse is the only mammal that is endemic to Florida. The rodent depends on the gopher tortoise (also endangered) for its survival, because it makes its burrows from tortoise burrows, or in the absence of those, oldfield mouse burrows.[121]

Non-native species brought in boats by colonizers are the black rat, brown rat and house mouse. Other non-natives are the capybara, the nutria and the Mexican gray squirrel.[122]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Castoridae: Beavers
American beaver	Castor canadensis (Kuhl, 1820)	common; panhandle and northern third of peninsula, except coastal areas.	[123]
Family Sciuridae: Squirrels
Southern flying squirrel	Glaucomys volans (Linnaeus, 1758)	common; statewide except Keys and possibly southwest peninsula	[124]
Mexican gray squirrel	Sciurus aureogaster F. Cuvier, 1829	introduced; established on Elliott Key	[125]
Eastern grey squirrel	Sciurus carolinensis (Gmelin, 1788)	common; statewide except Lower Keys	[126]
Fox squirrel	Sciurus niger (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; statewide except Keys; possibly extinct in southeastern peninsula	[127]
Eastern chipmunk	Tamias striatus (Linnaeus, 1758)	uncommon; northern half of western panhandle in mesic forest areas	[128]
Family Geomyidae: Pocket gophers
Southeastern pocket gopher	Geomys pinetis (Rafinesque, 1817)	common; panhandle and northern half of peninsula	[129]
Goff's pocket gopher	Geomys pinetis goffi Sherman, 1944	extinct; once endemic to Brevard County
Family Cricetidae: Voles, muskrats
Eastern harvest mouse	Dicrostonyx nunatakensis (Audubon & Bachman, 1941)	common; panhandle and northern two thirds of peninsula in old fields, grasslands, and fields	[130]
Meadow vole	Microtus pennsylvanicus (Ord, 1815)	rare; salt marsh in Cedar Key area of Gulf coast	[131]
Woodland vole	Microtus pinetorum (Le Conte, 1830)	uncommon; central portion of northern third of peninsula	[132]
Round-tailed muskrat	Neofiber alleni (True, 1884)	common; peninsula and isolated populations in Apalachicola and Okefenokee areas	[133]
Florida woodrat	Neotoma floridana (Ord, 1818)	uncommon; panhandle, northern two thirds of peninsula and rare; Key Largo	[134]
Golden mouse	Ochrotomys nuttalli (Harlan, 1832)	rare; panhandle and northern half of peninsula	[135]
Marsh rice rat	Oryzomys palustris (Harlan, 1837)	common; statewide	[136]
Cotton mouse	Peromyscus gossypinus (Le Conte, 1850)	common; statewide in forests and mixed forest/grasslands	[137]
Oldfield mouse	Peromyscus polionotus (Wagner, 1843)	common; several endemic subspecies (see below)
Pallid beach mouse	Peromyscus polionotus decoloratus (A.H. Howell, 1939)	extinct; once endemic to Ponce Park in Volusia County and Bulow in Flagler County
Anastasia Island beach mouse	Peromyscus polionotus phasma (Bangs, 1898)	endemic to Anastasia Island in St. Augustine, Florida
Perdido Key beach mouse	Peromyscus polionotus trissyllepsis (Bowen, 1968)	endemic to Perdido Key, Florida
Florida mouse	Podomys floridanus (Chapman, 1889)	rare; central peninsula, mostly in habitats along central ridges.	[138]
Hispid cotton rat	Sigmodon hispidus Say & Ord, 1825	common; statewide	[139]
Family Muridae: Murids
House mouse	Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758	introduced; common; statewide	[140]
Brown rat	Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769)	introduced; common; statewide	[141]
Black rat	Rattus rattus (Linnaeus, 1758)	introduced; common statewide	[142]
Family Myocastoridae: Nutrias
Coypu	Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782)	introduced; Duval County and panhandle populations; possibly established statewide except Keys	[143]
Family Caviidae: Capybaras
Capybara	Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766)	introduced;[144] while no breeding population has been confirmed, sightings still occur, and it is considered an invasive species	[145]

Three species of shrews (eulipotyphlans) are found across Florida. Two known subspecies are the Homosassa shrew (Sorex longirostris eionis) and Sherman's short-tailed shrew (Blarina carolinensis shermanii).[146] One of their main predators is the cat. Completing the Eulipotyphla are two species of moles.

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Soricidae: Shrews
Southern short-tailed shrew	Blarina carolinensis (Bachman, 1837)	common; statewide except for Keys	[147]
North American least shrew	Cryptotis parva (Say, 1823)	common; statewide except for Keys	[148]
Southeastern shrew	Sorex longirostris Bachman, 1837	uncommon; north, south through Central Florida and on central ridge through southcentral	[149]
Family Talpidae: Moles
Star-nosed mole	Condylura cristata (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; Okefenokee Swamp area and possibly in Leon County	[150]
Eastern mole	Scalopus aquaticus (Linnaeus, 1758)	common; statewide except for Keys	[151]

West Indian manatee

Trichechus manatus latirostris is one of the two subspecies of the West Indian manatee. This herbivorous aquatic mammal lives in rivers, springs and shallow coastal waters. It was designated the state marine mammal in 1975[152] and is protected by federal and state laws. Threatened by habitat loss, entanglements in fishing gear and crab traps, or by being asphyxiated or crushed by canal locks and flood gates, the most common cause for manatee deaths is being struck by boats, which caused one quarter of all deaths recorded since 1974. In 2015, the statewide population was estimated at 6,063.[153]

Common name	Scientific name authority	ASM state status and native range[3]	Red List
Family Sirenia: Sea cows
West Indian manatee	Trichechus manatus (Linnaeus, 1758)	rare; coastal marine areas, but not usually north of the Suwannee River in the Gulf of Mexico; enters rivers and connected springs common; peninsula and northern Keys.	[154]

General

• Brown, L. N. (1997). Mammals of Florida. Miami, Florida: Windward Publishing.
• Burt, W. H.; R. P. Grossenheider (1976). A field guide to the mammals of America north of Mexico (Third ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.
• Nowak, R. M. (1991). Walker's mammals of the world (Fifth ed.). Baltimore, Maryland: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
• Stevenson, H. M. (1976). Vertebrates of Florida, identification and distribution (Fifth ed.). Gainesville, Florida: University Presses of Florida.
• Whitaker, J. O.; W. J. Hamilton (1998). Mammals of the Eastern United States (Third ed.). Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press.
• "State Lists:Mammals of Florida". The American Society of Mammalogists. 2001-05-22. Archived from the original on 2007-08-26. Retrieved 2007-07-18.

Specific