List of shipwrecks in 1891

The list of shipwrecks in 1891 includes ships sunk, foundered, grounded, or otherwise lost during 1891.

table of contents
1891
Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr
May	Jun	Jul	Aug
Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
References

January

2 January

List of shipwrecks: 2 January 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Thames	United Kingdom	The Penzance steamer was on a voyage to London when she grounded on the Chesil Bank in thick fog.[1]

8 January

List of shipwrecks: 8 January 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Kaffraria	United Kingdom	Part of the wreck of Kaffraria in March 2007 The cargo steamer was wrecked in the River Elbe in Germany.

9 January

List of shipwrecks: 9 January 1891
Ship	Country	Description
James W. Wherren	United States	The schooner was stranded in a storm at Barrances Light, Pensacola, Florida.[2]

February

5 February

List of shipwrecks: 5 February 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Chiswick	United Kingdom	The 1,261-ton steamship ran aground in calm weather on the northeast ledges of the Seven Stones Reef, while bound for St Nazaire, France, with coal from Cardiff, Wales. The captain is supposed to have said "every man for himself" before going down along with ten crew and his ship. Eight survivors were picked up by the Sevenstones Lightship's longboat.[3][4]

6 February

List of shipwrecks: 6 February 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Hattie G. McFarland	United States	The bark was stranded on Santa Rosa Island, Florida (30°19′N 87°18′W).[2]

18 February

List of shipwrecks: 18 February 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Bruce	United Kingdom	The sailing ship capsized in New York Harbor. She was salvaged and placed in use as a coal storage hulk.

19 February

List of shipwrecks: 19 February 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Trignac	France	The steamer sprang a leak, blew up and sank within five minutes, between the Isles of Scilly and the Seven Stones Reef. She was carrying coal from Newport to St Nazaire.[4]

20 February

List of shipwrecks: 20 February 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Teresa Garnham	Chile	The ship was sailing from Valparaiso to Chiloé when she struck a rock. The crew took to her boats and reached port.[5]

March

1 March

List of shipwrecks: 1 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
H.L.C.	France	The brigantine ran aground on the Mixon Shoal, in the Bristol Channel and was wrecked. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Port Talbot, Glamorgan, United Kingdom to Pornic, Loire-Inférieure.[6]

9 March

List of shipwrecks: 9 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Dundela	United Kingdom	The cargo ship was wrecked at "Straythe" with the loss of a crew member. She was on a voyage from São Miguel Island, Azores, Portugal to Hull, Yorkshire.[7]

13 March

List of shipwrecks: 13 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
USS Galena	United States Navy	While under tow by the tug USS Nina ( United States Navy), the decommissioned armed steamer ran aground in fog on Devil's Bridge — a reef off Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts — without loss of life. She was refloated several days later. Deemed damaged beyond repair, she was sold for salvage on 2 May 1892.[8]
USS Nina	United States Navy	While towing the steamer USS Galena ( United States Navy), the 137-foot (42 m) tug ran aground in fog on Devil's Bridge — a reef off Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts — without loss of life. She was refloated several days later, repaired, and returned to service.[9]
Roxburgh Castle	United Kingdom	The 1,222-ton cargo steamer was on a voyage from Newport, Wales, to Piraeus, Greece, with a cargo of coal when she collided with the sailing ship British Peer ( United Kingdom) 120 nautical miles (220 km; 140 mi) southwest of the Isles of Scilly during the Great Blizzard of 1891. Roxburgh Castle sank, losing 22 of her 24 crew members.[10]

15 March

List of shipwrecks: 15 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
USS Triana	United States Navy	The 137-foot (42 m), 450-ton tug was wrecked off the coast of Massachusetts on a sandbar off the east end of Cuttyhunk Island because of a navigational error by her crew. She sank in up to 20 feet (6.1 m) of water just west of Canapitsit Channel at 41°25′15″N 070°55′02″W.[11]

17 March

List of shipwrecks: 17 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Utopia	United Kingdom	Utopia The passenger ship collided with the battleship HMS Anson ( Royal Navy) in the Bay of Gibraltar and sank with the loss of 552 of the 880 people aboard.

19 March

List of shipwrecks: 19 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Bay of Panama	United Kingdom	The full-rigged ship was driven ashore at Penare Point, Cornwall with the loss of eight lives. She was on a voyage from Calcutta, India to Dundee, Forfarshire.[12]

20 March

List of shipwrecks: 20 March 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Sovereign	Norway	The full-rigged ship was destroyed by fire while loading coal.

April

2 April

List of shipwrecks: 2 April 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Amicus	United Kingdom	The bark was stranded on Flug Island Shoals hear the West Pass to Apalachicola Bay. Florida.[2]

6 April

List of shipwrecks: 6 April 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Premier	United States	Carrying 18 fishermen, seven crewmen, and a cargo of 350 tons of cannery supplies, the 307.69-gross register ton, 141.7-foot (43.2 m), three-masted schooner was wrecked during a snowstorm in Ramsey Bay (55°10′N 160°00′W) in the Territory of Alaska on the south coast of the Alaska Peninsula. All on board survived. Premier was salvaged, repaired, and returned to service.[13]

15 April

List of shipwrecks: 15 April 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Dashing Wave	United States	During a voyage in the Territory of Alaska from Sand Point to a destination identified as "Isatok" with a crew of eight and a cargo of 120 tons of general merchandise on board, the 141.46-ton 106-foot (32.3 m) schooner was wrecked without loss of life during a gale and heavy snowstorm in a location identified as "Coal Bay." This location often is equated with Coal Harbor (55.3369°N 160.6042°W / 55.3369; -160.6042 (Coal Harbor)) on Unga Island in the Shumagin Islands, but it might instead be Coal Bay (55°22′N 161°22′W) on the south coast of the Alaska Peninsula. The wreck may also have occurred in Zachary Bay (55.3455°N 160.6316°W / 55.3455; -160.6316 (Zachary Bay)) – often called "Coal Bay" at the time – on the coast of Unga Island, and some early reports place it somewhere in the Bering Sea, while an 1892 report places it on Hair Seal Cape – now known as Seal Cape (55.9950°N 158.4328°W / 55.9950; -158.4328 (Seal Cape)) – on the south coast of the Alaska Peninsula.[13]

23 April

List of shipwrecks: 23 April 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Blanco Encalada	Chilean Navy	1891 Chilean Civil War: The Almirante Cochrane-class central battery ship was sunk by a torpedo gunboat in the port of Caldera, Chile.

May

2 May

List of shipwrecks: 2 May 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Sadie F. Caller	United States	During a voyage from San Francisco, California, to Chignik Bay, Territory of Alaska, carrying 158 cannery workers as passengers, a 450-ton salmon-canning outfit as cargo, and a crew of 10, the 413.81-gross register ton, 393.25-foot (119.86 m) schooner was wrecked on a sand bar whose position had shifted without the knowledge of the crew, altering the navigable channel, at the entrance to Chignik Bay Harbor (56°18′N 158°24′W) on the Gulf of Alaska coast of the Alaska Peninsula near Chignik. The steamer Polar Bear ( United States) towed her to shore two hours later, and she was beached and declared a total loss. By 1913, her wreck reportedly had sunk in 60 feet (18.3 m) of water.[14]

3 May

List of shipwrecks: 3 May 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Clan Lamont	United Kingdom	The ship ran aground and sank off Vindiloas Point, Batticaloa, Sri Lanka.[15]

17 May

List of shipwrecks: 17 May 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Martaban	United Kingdom	The barque ran aground and was wrecked off the coast of Cuba. She was on a voyage from the Salt River, Jamaica to Glasgow, Renfrewshire.[16]

June

4 June

List of shipwrecks: 4 June 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Fayette Brown	United States	The schooner was rammed and sunk by Northern Queen (flag unknown) in Pelee Passage in Lake Erie in 60 feet (18 m) of water. One crewman of Fayette Brown jumped aboard Northern Queen and the rest were rescued from her rigging by Robert Mills (flag unknown). The wreck was removed in 1893.[17][18][19]

July

18 July

List of shipwrecks: 18 July 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Princesse Stephanie	Belgium	The steamer was wrecked off Christiansand, Norway.[20]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknownd date in July 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Harrier	United Kingdom	Harrier The schooner was wrecked on the Great Barrier Reef.

August

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown August 1891
Ship	Country	Description
H. A. DeWitt	United States	The schooner was found aground and abandoned four miles (6.4 km) east of St. Andrews Bay, Florida.[2]

September

5 September

List of shipwrecks: 5 September 1891
Ship	Country	Description
USFC Grampus	United States Fish Commission	The schooner, a fisheries research ship, was on a voyage from Hyannis to Woods Hole, Massachusetts, with U.S. Fish Commissioner Marshall McDonald and his wife and daughter, Assistant U.S. Fish Commissioner J. W. Collins, and two female guests aboard when she ran aground on L'Hommidieu Shoal in Vineyard Sound during a southeasterly storm. McDonald, Collins, McDonald's family members, and the other two women made it safely to Falmouth, Massachusetts, in a dory, and Grampus later was refloated and returned to service.[21]

6 September

List of shipwrecks: 6 September 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Fiji	United Kingdom	The barque was wrecked at Moonlight Head, Victoria with the loss of twelve of her 26 crew. She was on a voyage from Hamburg, Germany to Melbourne, New South Wales.[22]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown September 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Ada	United States	The schooner disappeared on a fishing trip out of Pensacola, Florida. lost with all five crew.[2]

October

3 October

List of shipwrecks: 3 October 1891
Ship	Country	Description
William Lewis	United States	While on an Arctic whaling voyage, the 463-gross register ton, 134-foot (41 m) steam bark was wrecked during a gale and snowstorm off Point Barrow, Territory of Alaska, when she became stranded on a snow-covered sandspit that her captain mistook for slush ice floating on the sea. The steamers Belvedere and Navarch (flags unknown) rescued her entire crew of 45. During salvage operations, the wreck of William Lewis was destroyed by an accidental fire on 20 March 1892.[23]

10 October

List of shipwrecks: 10 October 1891
Ship	Country	Description
USS Despatch	United States Navy	The steamer was wrecked without loss of life on Assateague Island off the coast of Virginia during a gale.

13 October

List of shipwrecks: 13 October 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Ora et Labora	Norway	The brig was driven ashore and wrecked near Chesil Cove, Dorset, United Kingdom.[24]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date October 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Red Wing		The schooner was driven ashore and wrecked on the coast of Delaware just south of the Indian River Inlet during a gale, killing her entire crew of six.[25]

November

9 November

List of shipwrecks: 9 November 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Maude M. Lane	United States	The schooner barge sank 95 miles (153 km) south southwest of Pensacola, Florida.[2]

11 November

List of shipwrecks: 11 November 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Benvenue	United Kingdom	The full-rigged ship was driven ashore and wrecked at Sandgate, Kent with the loss of five lives. Twenty-seven survivors were rescued by the lifeboat Mayer de Rothchild ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution).[26]
Rappahannock	United States	The full-rigged ship caught fire due to spontaneous combustion in her cargo of coal and was beached and burned out in Cumberland Bay, Juan Fernandez Island, Juan Fernandez Islands, Chile. The captain, his wife, two daughters, and 30 crew were eventually rescued by the government steamer Huemial ( Chile).[27][28]

15 November

List of shipwrecks: 15 November 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Minnie Davis	United States	The schooner was sunk in a collision with the schooner Hunter Savidge ( United States) 1 ¹⁄₂ miles (2.4 km) off Point Morvia Light or Bar Point, in Lake Erie. The wreck was blown up in April 1893 as a hazard to navigation.[29][30]

22 November

List of shipwrecks: 22 November 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Samuel Mather	United States	The wooden steam cargo ship sank after she was rammed by the steel cargo ship Brazil (flag unknown) in heavy fog in Whitefish Bay, Lake Superior.[31]

December

4 December

List of shipwrecks: 4 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Ogemaw	United States	The steam barge sprung a leak and sank between Point Peninsula and Poverty Passage in 65 feet of water. Raised in 1893, rebuilt and returned to service in 1894..[32][33]

5 December

List of shipwrecks: 5 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Merannio	United Kingdom	En route for Newport from Bilbao with a cargo of 1,300 tons of iron ore, the ship hit the Seven Stones Reef, but managed to reach St Ives, Cornwall where a 10 ft (3 m) hole was found in her bow.[4]

8 December

List of shipwrecks: 8 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Torbay Lass	United Kingdom	After unloading her cargo of coal on St Michael's Mount, the Brixham schooner was under tow by the tug Merlin (flag unknown) when Merlin suffered a drop in steam pressure and Torbay Lass drifted onto the Cressars off the promenade at Penzance, Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The steamship Lady of the Isles ( United Kingdom) pulled her clear, but she sank after a few hundred yards, within a few hundred metres of Penzance harbour.[34]

10 December

List of shipwrecks: 10 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Drumblair	United Kingdom	The ship was driven ashore on Sully Island, Glamorgan. Her crew either took to the ships' boats or were rescued by the lifeboat Joseph Denman II ( Royal National Lifeboat Institution). Drumblair was on a voyage from Barry, Glamorgan to Mauritius. She was later salvaged, repaired and returned to service.[6]

18 December

List of shipwrecks: 18 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Abyssinia	United Kingdom	The cargo liner burned and sank in Mid Atlantic Ocean, no casualties. All rescued by Spree ( German Empire).[35][36]

23 December

List of shipwrecks: 23 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Felicete	France	The brig ran aground at Port Eynon Point, Glamorgan, United Kingdom, and was wrecked. Her crew survived. She was on a voyage from Nantes, Loire-Inférieure to Swansea, Glamorgan.[6]
Oakland	New South Wales	The passenger-cargo ship ran aground on the southern breakwater at Ballina, New South Wales, Australia. She was refloated, repaired, and returned to service.

29 December

List of shipwrecks: 29 December 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Maggie	United Kingdom	The sailing vessel collided with the passenger-cargo steamer Inishtrahull ( United Kingdom) in the Irish Sea just off the Kish Bank off the east coast of Ireland. Her crew were rescued by Inishtrahull, after which Maggie drifted away in a sinking condition and probably sank somewhere near the Kish Lighthouse.[37]
Dexter Clark	United States	The schooner sank after bottoming on Flug Island Shoals near the West Pass of Apalachicola Bay, Florida.[38]

Unknown date

List of shipwrecks: Unknown date 1891
Ship	Country	Description
Sarsfield	United Kingdom	The brigantine ran aground at Rhosilli, Glamorgan, Wales, and was wrecked. All seven people on board survived.[6]
Sea Serpent	United States	The clipper's crew of 17 abandoned her at sea at (46°N 40°W) and were rescued by the barque Gulnare (flag unknown). The derelict Sea Serpent was sighted on 18 October by the barque Ardgowan (flag unknown), having drifted 1,120 miles (1,800 km) unmanned in 93 days. Sea Serpent was sighted 19 times before disappearing.[39][40]

References

Carter, C (1998). The Port of Penzance: a history. Lydney: Black Dwarf Publications.
Singer, Stephen D. (1998) [1992]. Shipwrecks of Florida: A Comprehensive Listing (Second ed.). Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. p. 32. ISBN 1-56164-163-4.
Liddiard, John. "Seven Stones". Retrieved 19 February 2012.
Larn, Richard (1992). The Shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly. Nairn: Thomas & Lochar. ISBN 0-946537-84-4.
Vidal Gormaz, Francisco (1901) Algunos naufrajios ocurridos en las costas chilenas desde su descubrimiento hasta nuestros dias (Imprenta Elzeviriana).
Tovey, Ron. "A Chronology of Bristol Channel Shipwrecks" (PDF). Swansea Docks. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.
"Dundela". The Yard. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
"USS Galena". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
"USS Nina". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
The Blizzard in the West. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. 1891.
"USS Triana". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.
"Bay of Panama". The Yard. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (P)
alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (S)
"SS Clan Lamont (+1891)".
"Martaban". Caledonian Maritime Heritage Trust. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
"Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
"Fayette Brown (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
"Fayette Brown (Schooner), U9748, sunk by collision, 4 Jun 1891". maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes. Retrieved 12 January 2021.
"Belgian Merchant P-Z" (PDF). Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 1 December 2010.
Fisheries Historical Timeline: Historical Highlights 1890s
"Fiji". The Yard. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
alaskashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (W)
"Historical List of Shipwrecks at Chesil Beach & from Bridport to Lyme Regis". Burton Bradstock Online. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
Anonymous, Shipwrecks of the Mid-Atlantic: Maryland, Delaware & Southern New Jersey (poster), Sealake Products USA, undated.
Bignell, Alan (2001). Kent Shipwrecks (Second ed.). Newbury: Countryside Books. ISBN 1 85306 719 9.
"American Marine Engineer October, 1912". National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association of the United States. Retrieved 2 December 2020 – via Haithi Trust.
"Rappahannock (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
"Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
"SAVIDGE, HUNTER (1879, Schooner)". Alpina County George N. Fletcher Public Library northeast Michigan Oral history and Historic Photo Archive. Retrieved 10 January 2021.
"Samuel Mather (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 December 2020.
"Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
"Ogemaw (+1922)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
Larn, R. and Larn, B. (1991) Shipwrecks around Mounts Bay. Penryn: Tor Mark Press.
"American Marine Engineer December, 1914". National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association of the United States. Retrieved 14 November 2020 – via Haithi Trust.
"Abyssinia (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
"Board of Trade Wreck Report for 'Maggie' and 'Inishtrahull', 1891". Board of Trade. 19 January 1892. Retrieved 14 February 2013.
Singer, Stephen D. (1998) [1992]. Shipwrecks of Florida: A Comprehensive Listing (Second ed.). Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. pp. 32–33. ISBN 1-56164-163-4.
Crothers, William L. (1997). The American-Built Clipper Ship, 1850-1856: Characteristics, Construction, Details. Camden, ME: International Marine. pp. xvii, 342, 502, etc. ISBN 0-07-014501-6.
State Street Trust Company (1913). Some ships of the clipper ship era, Their builders, owners, and captains. Boston, MA: Printed for the State Street Trust Company. p. 18.

Ship events in 1891
Ship launches:	1886	1887	1888	1889	1890	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896
Ship commissionings:	1886	1887	1888	1889	1890	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896
Ship decommissionings:	1886	1887	1888	1889	1890	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896
Shipwrecks:	1886	1887	1888	1889	1890	1891	1892	1893	1894	1895	1896

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[1] Carter, C (1998). The Port of Penzance: a history. Lydney: Black Dwarf Publications.

[singer32-2] Singer, Stephen D. (1998) [1992]. Shipwrecks of Florida: A Comprehensive Listing (Second ed.). Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. p. 32. ISBN 1-56164-163-4.

[liddiard-3] Liddiard, John. "Seven Stones". Retrieved 19 February 2012.

[larn92-4] Larn, Richard (1992). The Shipwrecks of the Isles of Scilly. Nairn: Thomas & Lochar. ISBN 0-946537-84-4.

[5] Vidal Gormaz, Francisco (1901) Algunos naufrajios ocurridos en las costas chilenas desde su descubrimiento hasta nuestros dias (Imprenta Elzeviriana).

[BC-6] Tovey, Ron. "A Chronology of Bristol Channel Shipwrecks" (PDF). Swansea Docks. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2014. Retrieved 21 December 2014.

[HW158-7] "Dundela". The Yard. Retrieved 18 February 2017.

[8] "USS Galena". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.

[9] "USS Nina". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.

[10] The Blizzard in the West. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. 1891.

[11] "USS Triana". Hunting New England Shipwrecks. Retrieved 5 February 2021.

[HW164-12] "Bay of Panama". The Yard. Retrieved 19 February 2017.

[alaskashipwrecksp-13] skashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (P)

[alaskashipwreckss-14] skashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (S)

[15] "SS Clan Lamont (+1891)".

[Martaban-16] "Martaban". Caledonian Maritime Heritage Trust. Retrieved 7 May 2019.

[17] "Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 12 January 2021.

[18] "Fayette Brown (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 12 January 2021.

[19] "Fayette Brown (Schooner), U9748, sunk by collision, 4 Jun 1891". maritimehistoryofthegreatlakes. Retrieved 12 January 2021.

[BelgePZ-20] "Belgian Merchant P-Z" (PDF). Belgische Koopvaardij. Retrieved 1 December 2010.

[21] Fisheries Historical Timeline: Historical Highlights 1890s

[HW95-22] "Fiji". The Yard. Retrieved 18 February 2017.

[alaskashipwrecksw-23] skashipwreck.com Alaska Shipwrecks (W)

[Dorset-24] "Historical List of Shipwrecks at Chesil Beach & from Bridport to Lyme Regis". Burton Bradstock Online. Retrieved 27 December 2014.

[25] Anonymous, Shipwrecks of the Mid-Atlantic: Maryland, Delaware & Southern New Jersey (poster), Sealake Products USA, undated.

[Bignell-26] Bignell, Alan (2001). Kent Shipwrecks (Second ed.). Newbury: Countryside Books. ISBN 1 85306 719 9.

[27] "American Marine Engineer October, 1912". National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association of the United States. Retrieved 2 December 2020 – via Haithi Trust.

[28] "Rappahannock (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 December 2020.

[29] "Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 10 January 2021.

[30] "SAVIDGE, HUNTER (1879, Schooner)". Alpina County George N. Fletcher Public Library northeast Michigan Oral history and Historic Photo Archive. Retrieved 10 January 2021.

[31] "Samuel Mather (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 2 December 2020.

[32] "Marine news of 1893" (PDF). Marsh Collection Society. Retrieved 13 January 2021.

[33] "Ogemaw (+1922)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 13 January 2021.

[34] Larn, R. and Larn, B. (1991) Shipwrecks around Mounts Bay. Penryn: Tor Mark Press.

[35] "American Marine Engineer December, 1914". National Marine Engineers Beneficial Association of the United States. Retrieved 14 November 2020 – via Haithi Trust.

[36] "Abyssinia (+1891)". Wrecksite. Retrieved 14 November 2020.

[Board_of_Trade_Wreck_Report_for_'Maggie'_and_'Inishtrahull',_1891-37] "Board of Trade Wreck Report for 'Maggie' and 'Inishtrahull', 1891". Board of Trade. 19 January 1892. Retrieved 14 February 2013.

[38] Singer, Stephen D. (1998) [1992]. Shipwrecks of Florida: A Comprehensive Listing (Second ed.). Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press. pp. 32–33. ISBN 1-56164-163-4.

[39] Crothers, William L. (1997). The American-Built Clipper Ship, 1850-1856: Characteristics, Construction, Details. Camden, ME: International Marine. pp. xvii, 342, 502, etc. ISBN 0-07-014501-6.

[statestreet-40] State Street Trust Company (1913). Some ships of the clipper ship era, Their builders, owners, and captains. Boston, MA: Printed for the State Street Trust Company. p. 18.