Russia at the Olympics

Russia, also known as the Russian Federation, has competed at the modern Olympic Games on many occasions, but as different nations in its history. As the Russian Empire, the nation first competed at the 1900 Games, and returned again in 1908 and 1912. After the Russian revolution in 1917, and the subsequent establishment of the Soviet Union in 1922, it would be thirty years until Russian athletes once again competed at the Olympics, as the Soviet Union at the 1952 Summer Olympics. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Russia competed as part of the Unified Team in 1992, and finally returned once again as Russia at the 1994 Winter Olympics.

Russia at the
Olympics
IOC codeRUS
NOCRussian Olympic Committee
Websitewww.olympic.ru (in Russian)
Medals
Gold
196
Silver
164
Bronze
187
Total
547
Summer appearances
Winter appearances
Other related appearances
 Russian Empire (1900–1912)
 Soviet Union (1952–1988)
 Unified Team (1992)
 Olympic Athletes from Russia (2018W)

The Russian Olympic Committee was created in 1991 and recognized in 1993. The Soviet Union hosted the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, and the Russian Federation hosted the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi.

In six appearances Russian athletes have won a total of 426 medals at the Summer Olympic Games and another 120 at the Winter Olympic Games. Over the most recent twelve Games (since 1994), Russia's 546 total medals, including 196 gold medals, are second only to the United States.

All Summer and Winter Olympic medals of the Soviet Union and the Russian Empire were inherited by Russia, but usually not combined together with the medal count of the Russian Federation, although Russian sources do combine them, citing the fact that Russia is the legal successor of the USSR.

Russian Olympic Committee was suspended from competing at the Olympic Games due to the state-sponsored doping scandal. Russian athletes were allowed to participate in the 2018 Winter Olympics as the Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR).[1]

Hosted Games

Russia has hosted the Games on one occasion. Moscow was the host of the 1980 Summer Games, when Russia was part of the Soviet Union.

GamesHost cityDatesNationsParticipantsEvents
1980 Summer OlympicsMoscow19 July–3 August805,179203
2014 Winter OlympicsSochi7–23 February882,87398

Unsuccessful Bids
GamesCityWinner of bid
2012 Summer OlympicsMoscowLondon, United Kingdom
2002 Winter OlympicsSochiSalt Lake City, United States

Medal tables
See also: All-time Olympic Games medal table
*Red border colour indicates tournament was held on home soil.
Notes

Notes
  • On 11 August 2012, Evgeniya Kanaeva made history by becoming the first individual back to back Olympic champion in rhythmic gymnastics at the individual all around event.
  • On 21 August 2016, the Russian group of rhythmic gymnastics won their fifth title in a row at the group all around competition.
  • On 19 August 2016, both the Russian duet and team of synchronized swimming won their fifth title in a row at the duet and group events.
  • On 9 February 2014, Russia captured the inaugural gold medal in the team figure skating event at the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics.[2] Yulia Lipnitskaya, at 15, becomes the youngest Russian Winter Olympic medalist.
  • On 10 February 2014, Viktor Ahn won the first short track speedskating medal for Russia competing as Russia. He won the bronze medal in the 1500m short track speedskating event at the 2014 Sochi winter Olympics.[3]
  • On 15 February 2014, Ahn won the second Russian gold medal in the 1000m short track speedskating event, leading the first Russian 1–2 finish in short track, with Vladimir Grigorev winning silver. At 31 years and 191 days, Grigorev also became the oldest man to win a short track Olympic medal.[4]
  • On 20 February 2014, Adelina Sotnikova won the first ever Russian ladies figure skating gold medal.

Stripped Olympic medals
See also: List of stripped Olympic medals and Doping in Russia

Due to doping violations, Russia has been stripped of 51 Olympic medals – the most of any country, four times the number of the runner-up, and more than a third of the global total. It was the leading country in terms of the number of medals removed due to doping at the 2002 Winter Olympics (5 medals), the 2006 Winter Olympics (1 medal), the 2008 Summer Olympics (14 medals), the 2012 Summer Olympics (13 medals), 2014 Winter Olympics (13 medals) and the joint most at the 2004 Summer Olympics (3 medals) and the 2016 Summer Olympics (1 medal).

Olympics Athlete Medal Event Ref
2002 Winter Olympics Olga Danilova Gold Cross-country skiing, women's 5 km + 5 km combined pursuit [5]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 10 km classical [5]
Larisa Lazutina Gold Cross-country skiing, women's 30 km classical [5][6]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 15 km freestyle [7]
Silver Cross-country skiing, women's 5 km + 5 km combined pursuit [7]
2004 Summer Olympics Irina Korzhanenko Gold Athletics, women's shot put [8]
Svetlana Krivelyova Bronze Athletics, women's shot put [9]
Oleg Perepetchenov Bronze Weightlifting, men's 77 kg [10]
2006 Winter Olympics Olga Pyleva Silver Biathlon, women's individual [11]
2008 Summer Olympics Relay team (Yuliya Chermoshanskaya) Gold Athletics, women's 4 × 100 m relay [12]
Relay team
(Anastasiya Kapachinskaya, Tatyana Firova)		 Silver Athletics, women's 4 × 400 m relay [14]
Maria Abakumova Silver Athletics, women's javelin throw [15]
Relay team (Denis Alexeev) Bronze Athletics, men's 4 × 400 m relay [15]
Yekaterina Volkova Bronze Athletics, women's 3000 m steeplechase [17]
Anna Chicherova Bronze Athletics, women's high jump [19]
Khadzhimurat Akkayev Bronze Weightlifting, men's 94 kg [20]
Dmitry Lapikov Bronze Weightlifting, men's 105 kg [20]
Marina Shainova Silver Weightlifting, women's 58 kg [14]
Nadezhda Evstyukhina Bronze Weightlifting, women's 75 kg [14]
Khasan Baroyev Silver Wrestling, men's Greco-Roman 120 kg [20]
Tatyana Lebedeva Silver Athletics, women's triple jump [21]
Tatyana Lebedeva Silver Athletics, women's long jump [21]
Tatyana Chernova Bronze Athletics, Women's heptathlon [22]
2012 Summer Olympics Tatyana Lysenko Gold Athletics, women's hammer throw [23]
Yuliya Zaripova Gold Athletics, women's 3000 m steeplechase [24][25]
Sergey Kirdyapkin Gold Athletics, men's 50 km walk [26]
Tatyana Chernova Bronze Athletics, women's heptathlon [27]
Darya Pishchalnikova Silver Athletics, women's discus throw [28]
Yevgeniya Kolodko Silver Athletics, women's shot put [29]
Olga Kaniskina Silver Athletics, women's 20 km walk [30]
Apti Aukhadov Silver Weightlifting, men's 85 kg [31]
Aleksandr Ivanov Silver Weightlifting, men's 94 kg [25]
Natalia Zabolotnaya Silver Weightlifting, women's 75 kg [25]
Svetlana Tsarukayeva Silver Weightlifting, women's 63 kg
Relay (Antonina Krivoshapka, Yulia Gushchina) Silver Athletics, women's 4 × 400 m relay [32][33]
Mariya Savinova Gold Athletics, women's 800 m
2014 Winter Olympics Alexandr Zubkov, Alexey Voyevoda Gold Bobsleigh, Two-man [34][35]
Alexandr Zubkov, Alexey Negodaylo, Dmitry Trunenkov and Alexey Voyevoda Gold Bobsleigh, Four-man [34][36][37]

[35]

Relay team (Olga Vilukhina, Yana Romanova, Olga Zaitseva) Silver Biathlon, Women's relay
2016 Summer Olympics Mikhail Aloyan Silver Boxing, men's flyweight [38]

2016 Summer Olympics and 2018 Winter Olympics partial ban
Main article: Doping in Russia

Russia was partially banned from participation at the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2018 Winter Olympics due to the state-sponsored doping scandal.[39][40]

Flag bearers
Main article: List of flag bearers for Russia at the Olympics

Russia–United States rivalry

Russia (in all its incarnations) and the United States have won more Olympic medals than any other nation.[41] Russia topped the overall medal count at 7 Summer Olympics and 9 Winter Olympics, while the United States placed first at 17 Summer Olympics and 1 Winter Olympics. The countries developed a strong rivalry during the Cold War, and while the tensions eased in the 1990s, the relations deteriorated in 2014 and 2016.[42] However, recent years have seen Russia's medal haul decline due to the bans for its state-sponsored doping scandal whereas China and Great Britain have become the main challengers to the United States, seeing a decline in the U.S-Russia Olympic rivalry.[43]

Since the 1952 Summer Olympics, Russia has won 1902 Summer and Winter Olympics medals, the most in that period, while the United States has won 1873 medals, the second most in that period. Detailed comparison is presented below.

Summer Olympics

Medal totals of the Soviet Union/Unified Team/Russia[44][45][46] and the United States[47] since 1952, when the Soviet Union started to compete.

Overall, the United States (1896–1976, 1984–present) has won 1,022 gold and 2,523 total medals, and Russia (1900, 1908–1912, 1952—1980, 1988–present) has won 588 gold and 1,548 total medals.

Winter Olympics

Medal totals of the Soviet Union/Unified Team/Russia/Olympic Athletes from Russia[44][45][46] and the United States[47] since 1956, when the Soviet Union started to compete.

Overall, the United States (1924–present) has won 105 gold and 305 total medals, and Russia (1956–present) has won 136 gold and 355 total medals.

See also

References
  1. "IOC suspends Russian NOC and creates a path for clean individual athletes to compete in PyeongChang 2018 under the Olympic Flag". International Olympic Committee. 19 June 2018.
  2. Alice Park (20 February 2014). "Russia Has Its First Ladies Figure Skating Gold Medalist, But It's Not Lipnitskaya". Time.
  3. Mark Zeigler (10 February 2014). "Viktor Ahn: For Russia, with love". U-T San Diego.
  4. Beth Harris (15 February 2014). "Viktor Ahn wins 1st Olympic gold and 2nd short track medal for his adopted Russia". Associated Press. Yahoo Sports.
  5. "Muehlegg, Lazutina test positive, stripped of golds". ESPN.com. Associated Press. February 24, 2002.
  6. "Drugs test denies Lazutina gold". BBC News. February 24, 2002.
  7. "Lazutina loses Olympic medals". BBC News. June 29, 2003.
  8. "Shot-put champion will lose gold". CNN. August 22, 2004.
  9. "Four Athens competitors stripped of medals". Al Jazeera. December 5, 2012.
  10. "Russian weightlifter, Oleg Perepetchenov, stripped of Athens bronze medal". Reuters. February 12, 2013.
  11. "Russian Woman Stripped of Biathlon Medal". NBCSports.com. Associated Press. February 16, 2006. Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved March 4, 2017.
  12. "IOC sanctions Yulia Chermoshanskaya for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 6 February 2018.
  13. "IOC sanctions three athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 2016-08-19. Retrieved 2016-08-19.
  14. "IOC sanctions six athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 2016-08-31. Retrieved 2016-08-31.
  15. "IOC sanctions four athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008 and London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 2016-09-13. Retrieved 2016-09-13.
  16. "9 Olympians, including 6 medallists, caught for Beijing doping". cbc.ca. 26 October 2016. Retrieved 27 October 2016.
  17. "IOC sanctions nine athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 2016-10-26. Retrieved 2016-10-26.
  18. "Russian Chicherova stripped of 2008 Olympics high jump medal". reuters.com. 6 October 2016. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
  19. "IOC sanctions Anna Chicherova for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 25 January 2017.
  20. "IOC sanctions 16 athletes for failing anti-doping tests at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 2016-11-17. Retrieved 2016-11-18.
  21. "IOC sanctions two athletes for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008". International Olympic Committee. 31 May 2017.
  22. "IOC sanctions two athletes for failing anti-doping test at Beijing 2008 and London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 18 May 2017.
  23. "IOC sanctions Tatyana Lysenko for failing anti-doping test at London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 25 January 2017.
  24. "The decisions of the Lausanne (Switzerland) Court of Arbitration for Sport regarding the Russian Athletes". 2016-03-16.
  25. "IOC sanctions 12 athletes for failing anti-doping test at London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 2016-11-21. Retrieved 2016-11-21.
  26. "London 2012 50km walk men – Olympic Athletics". International Olympic Committee. 7 March 2019.
  27. Sean, Ingle (November 29, 2016). "Jessica Ennis-Hill in line for 2011 gold as Chernova is stripped of world title". The Guardian.
  28. "Russia's Pishchalnikova given 10-year doping ban". Reuters. 2013-05-01. Retrieved 2013-05-01.
  29. "IOC sanctions Evgeniia Kolodko for failing anti-doping test at London 2012". olympic.org. 20 August 2016. Retrieved 21 August 2016.
  30. "London 2012 20km race walk women – Olympic Athletics". International Olympic Committee. 7 March 2019.
  31. "IOC sanctions two athletes for failing anti-doping test at London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 2016-10-18. Retrieved 2016-10-18.
  32. "IOC sanctions three athletes for failing anti-doping tests at London 2012". International Olympic Committee. 2017-02-01. Retrieved 2017-02-01.
  33. "More Russian track athletes banned for doping at London Olympics". www.cbc.ca. 2017-11-28.
  34. "IOC sanctions four Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 24 November 2017.
  35. "Russian bobsledder banned over doping". France 24. 18 December 2017.
  36. "IOC sanctions five Russian athletes and publishes first full decision as part of the Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 2017-11-27. Retrieved 2017-11-27.
  37. "IOC sanctions three Russian athletes as part of Oswald Commission findings". International Olympic Committee. 6 February 2018.
  38. "CAS to strip Olympic medals from Russian boxer, Romanian weightlifter". espn.com. 8 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
  39. "With one year until 2018 Winter Games, Russia's status murky". 2017-02-09.
  40. "IOC suspends Russian NOC and creates a path for clean individual athletes to compete in Pyeongchang 2018 under the Olympic Flag" (Press release). International Olympic Committee. 5 December 2017. Retrieved 5 December 2017.
  41. "All-time Summer Olympics medals table 1896-2016 | Statistic". Statista.
  42. "USA Men's Team Vs. Russia Was About More Than Just Hockey". Time.
  43. https://www.yellowfinbi.com/blog/2012/08/yfcommunitynews-data-visualization-analyzes-the-east-vs-west-rivalry-at-the-olympics-117157
  44. "Olympic History of Soviet Union". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17.
  45. "Olympic History of Unified Team". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17.
  46. "Olympic History of Russia". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-17.
  47. "Olympic History of United States". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2020-04-19.
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