Municipality of Alexandria

The Municipality of Alexandria was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Originally part of the municipalities of Redfern from 1859 and Waterloo from 1860, the Borough of Alexandria was proclaimed on 27 August 1868. With an area of 4.2 square kilometres, it included the modern suburbs of Alexandria, Beaconsfield and parts of Eveleigh, St Peters and Erskineville. After a minor boundary change with the Municipality of Erskineville in 1908, the council was amalgamated with the City of Sydney, along with most of its neighbours, with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, although the former council area was later transferred in 1968–1982 and 1989–2004 to the South Sydney councils.

Municipality of Alexandria
Sydney, New South Wales
Alexandria Town Hall, pictured in 1943.
Coordinates33.910°S 151.193°E / -33.910; 151.193
Population8,060 (1947 census)[1]
 • Density1,919/km2 (4,970/sq mi)
Established27 August 1868
Abolished31 December 1948
Area4.2 km2 (1.6 sq mi)
Council seatAlexandria Town Hall
ParishAlexandria
LGAs around Municipality of Alexandria:
Newtown Redfern Waterloo
Macdonaldtown/
Erskineville		 Municipality of Alexandria Waterloo
St Peters North Botany/Mascot Waterloo

Council history and location

Early history of incorporation

The area that would constitute the municipality of Alexandria was first incorporated as the Waterloo Ward of the Municipality of Redfern in August 1859.[2] Under the provisions of the Municipalities Act, 1858, 250 residents of the area including Alexandria signed a petition which was published in the Government Gazette on 17 January 1860, noting that "they have every reason for believing that their interests, as part of the said Municipality of Redfern, will be seriously injured by their incorporation with such Municipality, and are, therefore, desirous to be separated therefrom, and be and become a separate and distinct Municipality".[3] The area was subsequently proclaimed as the Municipality of Waterloo on 16 May 1860 by Governor Sir William Denison.[4]

Secession of Alexandria

In March 1868, a petition of 257 electors (including the first chairman of the Waterloo municipality, Edward Hawkesley) in the Western Ward of Waterloo was published in the Government Gazette arguing for the establishment of a "Borough of Alexandria", noting that "the rates received from the Western Ward have never been wholly expended in that Ward, and that no improvements of a permanent nature are in progress in the said Ward; nor has any sum been voted for that purpose during the past half-year [...] they believe that justice has not been done to them; nor can they hope that their interests will be consulted by the Council as at present constituted."[5] The petition was subsequently accepted by the Government and the Governor Lord Belmore proclaimed the separation of the Borough of Alexandria and the reconstitution of Waterloo on 27 August 1868.[6][7]

It was bounded by the Eveleigh railway yards and Boundary Street to the north, Botany Road in the east, Canal and Gardeners roads to the south and crossing through the suburbs of St Peters and Erskineville in the west.[8] The first nine-member council was elected on 3 October 1868.[9][10]

The first chairman of the Waterloo Municipality, Edward John Hawksley, was elected as the first mayor on 7 October 1868 and laid the foundation stone for the first Town Hall, built by local builder Thomas Shirley, on 8 December.[11] However, Hawksley's term proved short-lived when the mayor of Waterloo, William Moon, disputed his election as an alderman for Alexandria in the Supreme Court. The case, based on electoral roll irregularities, was successful and Hawksley was disqualified from public office, leaving the council without a mayor until the election of Alderman Samuel Sparks on 7 January 1869.[12][13] In a snap election called in February 1869 because of the vacancy, Hawksley was re-elected and was subsequently elected mayor once more.[14]

Expansion and development

Over the next sixty years there were few alterations to municipal boundaries centred on the suburb of Alexandria. Rapid industrial and residential development occurred from the 1880s, with the population of the municipality recorded as 7499 in 1705 dwellings by April 1891.[15] It was this development that was noted in an 1887 profile of the municipality in The Sydney Morning Herald:

"Like its immediate neighbours, Alexandria is a working man's borough, nearly all the dwellings being of a humble description. A large humber of industrial occupations are carried on, some being of a slightly unpleasant nature, so far as the olfactory nerves are concerned. Among others, may be mentioned-boiling-down establishments, tanneries, soap and candle works, and a varnish factory, the whole employing a considerable number of hands."[16]

The Alexandria Town Hall in Garden Street was designed and completed by Ferdinand Reuss Snr in 1881, with major alterations completed by architects D. T. Morrow and Gordon in 1928.[17][18][19][20] In February 1883 a petition was submitted to the Government for the division of the borough into three wards.[21] The division of the borough into East Ward, West Ward and South Ward was subsequently proclaimed on 22 June 1883.[22] In January 1886, owing to the growth in population in the South Ward, a further petition was submitted for the division of the ward into two, adding "Beaconsfield Ward".[23] This was accepted and proclaimed on 16 June 1886.[24]

By 1891, the tramline along Botany road was constructed, the road itself the major thoroughfare in the municipality being laid out in 1821. From 28 December 1906, following the passing of the Local Government Act, 1906, the council was renamed as the "Municipality of Alexandria". By 1943, when the municipality celebrated 75 years of existence, Alexandria was the largest industrial district in Australia, and known as the "Birmingham of Australia", a term coined by the long-serving alderman and mayor of Alexandria, Michael O'Riordan.[25][26]

Later history

By the end of the Second World War, the NSW Government had come to the conclusion that its ideas of infrastructure expansion could not be realised by the present system of the mostly-poor inner-city municipal councils and the Minister for Local Government, Joseph Cahill, passed a bill in 1948 that abolished a significant number of those councils. Under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, Alexandria Municipal Council was merged, along with most of its neighbours, with the larger neighbouring City of Sydney which was located to the North.

Mayors
YearsMayorNotes
7 October 1868 – 11 December 1868Edward John Hawksley[27][28]
7 January 1869 – 10 February 1869Samuel Sparks[29]
10 February 1869 – 10 February 1870Edward John Hawksley[30]
10 February 1870 – 17 February 1872William Bryant[31][32][33]
17 February 1872 – 13 February 1874George Bretnall[34][35]
13 February 1874 – February 1875George E. Wood[36]
February 1875 – 12 February 1878Stephen John Foskett[37][38][39]
12 February 1878 – 12 February 1884Charles Brandling Henderson[40][41][42][43][44][45][46]
12 February 1884 – 8 February 1887Charles Jesson[47][48][49]
8 February 1887 – 15 February 1888Stephen John Foskett[50]
15 February 1888 – 14 February 1890John Rowland Dacey[51][52][53]
14 February 1890 – 11 February 1891John Turner[54]
11 February 1891 – 10 February 1892James Ralph[55]
10 February 1892 – 23 February 1893William Marr[56]
23 February 1893 – 14 February 1895John Harden[57]
14 February 1895 – 13 February 1896James Christie Horne[58]
13 February 1896 – 11 February 1897Ernest Banner[59]
11 February 1897 – 9 February 1898John Harden[60]
9 February 1898 – 15 February 1899Michael O'Riordan[61]
15 February 1899 – 13 February 1900Alfred Moles[62]
13 February 1900 – February 1901Ernest Banner[63][64][65]
February 1901 – February 1902Michael O'Riordan[66]
13 February 1902 – 12 February 1903David Turnbull Brown[67]
12 February 1903 – February 1904James Ralph[68]
February 1904 – 16 February 1905Frederick Charles Loveridge[69]
16 February 1905 – 15 February 1906Michael O'Riordan[70]
15 February 1906 – February 1912Samuel Alexander McCauley[71][72][73][74][75][76]
February 1912 – February 1914Michael O'Riordan[77]
February 1914 – 3 February 1915James Ralph[78]
3 February 1915 – February 1917Edward F. Lawson[79][80]
February 1917 – February 1918William Henry Wassall[81]
February 1918 – February 1920John Joseph Collins[82][83]
February 1920 – 7 December 1922William Henry Wassall[84][85][86]
7 December 1922 – December 1923George James Stokes[87]
December 1923 – December 1924Joseph Rogers[88]
December 1924 – December 1925William Henry Smith (ALP)[89]
December 1925 – December 1926William Charles Ellis (Progressive)[90]
December 1926 – December 1928John Joseph Collins (Progressive)[91][92]
December 1928 – December 1931Joseph Bowden (ALP/SLP)[93][94][95]
December 1931 – December 1932Richard Power (SLP)[96]
December 1932 – December 1933Charles Humphries (SLP)[97]
December 1933 – December 1934Samuel Chenhall (SLP)[98]
December 1934 – December 1935Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry (SLP)[99]
December 1935 – December 1936Richard Power (SLP/ALP)[100]
December 1936 – December 1937Samuel Chenhall (ALP)[101]
December 1937 – December 1938Frederick Green (ALP)[102]
December 1938 – December 1939Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry (ALP)[103]
December 1939 – December 1940Sydney Henry Gordon Alexander (ALP)[104]
December 1940 – December 1942William Henry Smith (ALP)[105][106]
December 1942 – December 1943Samuel Chenhall (ALP)[107]
December 1943 – December 1944Hugh Vincent McConville (ALP)[108]
December 1944 – December 1945Frederick Green (ALP)
December 1945 – December 1946Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry (ALP)[109]
December 1946 – December 1947John Joseph Collins (ALP)[110]
December 1947 – 31 December 1948Kevin Dwyer (ALP)[111][112]

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