Municipality of Redfern

The Municipality of Redfern was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The small municipality was proclaimed in 1859 as one of the first municipalities proclaimed under the new provisions of the Municipalities Act, 1858, and was centred on the suburbs of Redfern, Eveleigh, Darlington and Surry Hills. The council was amalgamated, along with most of its neighbours, with the City of Sydney to the north with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948. From 1968 to 1982 and from 1989 to 2004, the area was part of the South Sydney councils.

Municipality of Redfern
New South Wales
Redfern Town Hall, c. 1871, Mayor George Renwick is pictured at right on the balcony.
Population18,637 (1947 census)[1]
 • Density11,000/km2 (28,400/sq mi)
Established11 August 1859
Abolished31 December 1948
Area1.7 km2 (0.7 sq mi)
Council seatRedfern Town Hall
ParishAlexandria
LGAs around Municipality of Redfern:
Darlington Sydney Sydney
Newtown Municipality of Redfern Sydney
Erskineville Alexandria Waterloo

Council history

When Redfern Municipality was proclaimed in August 1859, the area initially included the areas of Waterloo and Alexandria. However the Municipality of Waterloo was proclaimed in May 1860 and the Municipality of Alexandria separated from Waterloo in August 1868.[2][3] Upon incorporation in 1859, the municipality was divided into three wards: Redfern, Waterloo and Surry Hills, each electing three Aldermen. With the secession of Waterloo a few months later the wards were rearranged to be Redfern, Belmore and Surry Hills and in 1880 Golden Grove Ward was added to that number.[4] Under the enactment of The Municipalities Act of 1867, the title of 'Chairman' for the council was changed to be 'Mayor'. With this Act, the council also became known as the Borough of Redfern (From 28 December 1906, with the passing of the Local Government Act, 1906, the council was again renamed as the "Municipality of Redfern"). The Mayor had a set of official robes to wear as part of the office, but they were often boycotted by Labor mayors who affirmed they were against their 'democratic principles'.[5]

Redfern was notable for being the first suburb in Sydney to have electricity and electric street lighting, which occurred when the Council voted unanimously in 1891 to build its own power station, in Turner Street, to power the suburb. From the late 1910s and 1920s the Redfern area became increasingly populated by the unemployed and working class, employed by industry and the nearby Eveleigh Railway Workshops, resulting in the increasing domination of the Labor Party and left-wing groups in the area.[6] In 1947 the Communist Party of Australia succeeded in getting their first alderman, Patrick Levelle, elected to the council.[7][8] As a consequence the council, traditionally held by the merchant and middle classes, frequently found itself divided on simple matters, including the election of the mayor, which required the Minister for Local Government and the Governor to instead appoint the mayor several times.[9][10][11][12][13] This was a situation occurring within many of the inner-city councils as demographics of the area changed dramatically, but Redfern was considered the worst example of a council paralysed by party politics.[14]

With the Redfern area's close involvement with the labor movement and the Labor Party, the wartime conscription debate affected Redfern Council most particularly. In October 1916 Redfern Council passed a motion "without a dissentient that conscription was not in the best interests in Australia", in direct opposition to the views of ALP Prime Minister Billy Hughes and the Member for Redfern James McGowen. McGowen lost his preselection in Redfern and in response the Redfern ALP Branch president, Alderman John Leitch (Mayor, 1908–1910, 1914–1915) resigned to join the pro-conscriptionists with his friend McGowen.[15]

By the end of the Second World War, the NSW Government had realised that its ideas of infrastructure expansion could not be effected by the present system of the patchwork of small municipal councils across Sydney and the Minister for Local Government, Joseph Cahill, following the recommendations of the 1945–46 Clancy Royal Commission on Local Government Boundaries, passed a bill in 1948 that abolished a significant number of those councils.[16] Under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, Redfern Municipal Council became the Redfern Ward of the City of Sydney, returning two aldermen.[17]

Mayors
Thomas Clarke (1846–1922), Mayor (1890–1891, 1898–1900) and Member of Parliament for Darlington (1898–1901).
John Beveridge (1848–1916), Alderman for Belmore Ward (1886–1891) and Mayor (1891).
Patrick Mooney (1880–1942), Mayor (1925) and Senator for New South Wales (1931–1932).
#ChairmanTerm startTerm endTime in officeNotes
1Thomas Hayes14 September 18591 June 18611 year, 260 days[18][19]
2Michael Williamson1 June 18615 February 1862249 days[20][21]
3George Renwick5 February 18625 February 18642 years, 0 days[22][23]
4Thomas Jones5 February 186410 February 18651 year, 5 days[24]
5Thomas Wild10 February 18659 February 1866364 days[25]
6William Williamson9 February 18667 February 1867363 days[26]
–George Renwick7 February 186713 February 18681 year, 6 days[27]
#MayorTerm startTerm endTime in officeNotes
–George Renwick13 February 186816 February 18724 years, 3 days[28]
7Henry Hudson16 February 187211 February 18741 year, 360 days[29][30]
–William Williamson11 February 18748 February 18761 year, 362 days[31][32]
8Patrick Stanley8 February 187611 February 18804 years, 3 days[33][34]
–Henry Hudson11 February 18809 February 1881364 days[29][35]
–Patrick Stanley9 February 188110 February 18821 year, 1 day[36][37]
9Francis Augustus Wright10 February 188216 February 18853 years, 6 days[38][39]
10George Lander16 February 18853 February 18871 year, 352 days[40][41]
11Edwin Berry3 February 188710 February 18881 year, 7 days[42][43]
12Thomas Williamson10 February 188814 February 18891 year, 4 days[44][45]
13John Crowe14 February 188913 February 1890364 days[46]
14Thomas Clarke13 February 189012 February 1891364 days[47]
15John Beveridge12 February 189129 May 1891106 days[48][49]
16George William Howe2 June 189117 February 18931 year, 260 days[50][51]
17Cornelius Gorton17 February 189315 February 1894363 days[52][53]
18William Davis15 February 189415 February 18951 year, 0 days[54][55]
19William Poole15 February 189513 February 1896363 days[56]
20George Richard Parkes13 February 189611 February 1897364 days[57][58]
21Joseph Medcalf11 February 18978 February 1898362 days[59][60]
–Edwin Berry8 February 189813 October 1898247 days[61][62]
–Thomas Clarke13 October 18987 February 19001 year, 117 days[63][64]
22Henry Vernon7 February 190014 February 19011 year, 7 days[65]
23James Jackson14 February 190112 February 1902363 days[66]
24Thomas Fanning12 February 190212 February 19031 year, 0 days[67]
–George Richard Parkes12 February 190313 February 19041 year, 0 days[68]
–Joseph Medcalf13 February 190417 February 19051 year, 5 days[69][70]
–Cornelius Gorton17 February 190516 February 1906364 days[71][72]
25James Owen Batchelor16 February 190615 February 1907364 days[73]
26George Todd15 February 19077 February 1908357 days[74]
27John Leitch (ALP)7 February 19082 February 19112 years, 360 days[9][75][76]
28Tom Holden (ALP)2 February 191111 February 19143 years, 9 days[77][78]
–John Leitch (ALP)11 February 19144 February 1915358 days[79][80]
–Tom Holden (ALP)4 February 191512 July 19172 years, 158 days[77][81]
29Albert Clarke Isaacs12 July 19175 February 19202 years, 208 days[82][83][84]
30Patrick Roberts (ALP)5 February 19206 December 19222 years, 304 days[85][86][87]
31John Joseph Castle (ALP)6 December 192220 December 19231 year, 14 days[88]
32George Boyd (ALP)20 December 192316 December 1924362 days[89][90]
33Patrick Mooney (ALP)16 December 192423 December 19262 years, 7 days[91][92][93]
–Tom Holden (ALP)23 December 192623 December 19271 year, 0 days[77][94]
34Francis James Gilmore23 December 192712 December 1928355 days[95][96][97]
35John Hanafin12 December 192819 December 19291 year, 7 days[98]
36George Waite (ALP)19 December 192918 December 1930364 days[99]
37Kenneth John Alexander MacRae (ALP)18 December 19307 January 19321 year, 20 days[100]
38George Wheatley (ALP)7 January 193215 December 1932343 days[101]
–John Joseph Castle (ALP)15 December 193231 December 19342 years, 16 days[102]
39Harry Gardiner (ALP)31 December 193410 January 19361 year, 10 days[11][103]
40Joseph Malachi Gilmore10 January 19368 January 1937364 days[104]
41Alexis Howarth8 January 193723 December 1937349 days[12][105][106]
–Francis James Gilmore23 December 193721 December 19391 year, 363 days[107]
42James Francis Edward Gilmore21 December 193911 December 19411 year, 355 days[108][109][110]
43John Stephen O’Brien11 December 194123 December 19432 years, 12 days[111][112]
44Thomas Ormond Powell23 December 194313 December 1944356 days[113]
45Edward Robert Elvy13 December 194410 January 19461 year, 28 days[114][115]
46Joseph Warburton10 January 194619 December 19471 year, 343 days[13][116]
–Alexis Howarth19 December 194731 December 19481 year, 12 days[117][118]

Town Clerks
R. W. Grierson, Town Clerk of Redfern for 49 years (1885–1934).
#Town ClerkTerm startTerm endTime in officeNotes
1George Philben14 September 185931 December 18612 years, 108 days[119]
2Edward Richard Jones1 January 18621 February 18631 year, 31 days[120]
3Thomas Fraser1 February 18631 February 18696 years, 0 days[121][122]
4William Steele Wardrop1 February 186921 January 188111 years, 355 days[123][124][125]
5William Neale Parker21 January 188111 June 18854 years, 141 days[126]
6Robert William Grierson11 June 188530 November 193449 years, 172 days[127][128][129][130]
7Frank W. Wright30 November 193431 December 194814 years, 31 days[131]

See also

References
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