Nissan Z engine

The Nissan Z engine is a series of automobile and light truck engines that was engineered by Nissan Machinery, manufactured by the Nissan Motor Company from 1979 through August 1989. All Z engines had 4 cylinders, a total of 8 valves and a single overhead camshaft (SOHC). Displacements ranged from 1.6 L to 2.4 L.The Z series' engine blocks were nearly identical to those of the earlier L Series with the exception of the Z24. While the Z16 and Z18 engines had a deck height similar to the earlier L13/L14/L16/L18 variants, the Z24 had a taller deck height to accommodate a longer stroke. The most notable difference between the Z-series engine and its predecessor was the introduction of a new crossflow cylinder head which reduced emissions by moving the intake ports to the right side of the engine opposite the exhaust ports. This change allows the exhaust port velocity to more effectively scavenge the cylinder and reduce reversion pulses to enhance induction. Unfortunately, this change also limits maximum valve lift/lobe lift profiles rendering the cylinder head and valve train configuration undesirable for high-performance uses. The Z series evolved into the NA and KA engines which, along with the smaller CA series, replaced the Z series .[1]

Nissan Z engine
Overview
ManufacturerNissan (Nissan Machinery)
Production1978-1989
Layout
ConfigurationInline-4
Displacement1.6 L (1,595 cc)
1.8 L (1,770 cc)
2.0 L (1,952 cc)
2.2 L (2,188 cc)
2.4 L (2,389 cc)
Cylinder bore83 mm (3.27 in)
85 mm (3.35 in)
87 mm (3.43 in)
89 mm (3.50 in)
Piston stroke73.7 mm (2.90 in)
78 mm (3.07 in)
86 mm (3.39 in)
92 mm (3.62 in)
96 mm (3.78 in)
Block materialCast iron
Head materialAluminum
ValvetrainSOHC 2 valves x cyl.
Compression ratio8.3:1, 8.8:1
Combustion
Fuel systemCarburetor or Throttle-body FI
Fuel typeGasoline
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output95–135 PS (70–99 kW; 94–133 hp)
Torque output132–196 N⋅m; 98–145 lbf⋅ft (13.5–20 kg⋅m)
Chronology
PredecessorNissan L engine (4-cylinder)
SuccessorNissan CA engine
Nissan KA engine
Nissan NA engine

Z16

The Z16 made its first appearance in 1978 in a new base-model version of the Nissan Navara (D21), which had debuted the previous year with the then-new Z18. Offered only in selected overseas markets, this version of the engine came with a single downdraft carburetor. Later it was also seen in a few low-end model Datsun Bluebird 910s for the Japanese domestic market and some Nissan commercial vehicles in a single-plug configuration.

Reference specifications:

  • Displacement : 1,595 cc (1.6 L)
  • Bore × stroke : 83 mm × 73.7 mm (3.27 in × 2.90 in)
  • Compression ratio : 8.8:1
  • Maximum output (gross) : 95 PS (70 kW; 94 hp) at 6,000 rpm
  • Maximum torque (gross) : 13.5 kg⋅m (132 N⋅m; 98 lbf⋅ft) at 3,600 rpm
  • Above those of the twin plug specification

Car models:

  • PL720 Datsun Truck (single plug specification)
  • D21 type Nissan Navara (Japan name: Datsun truck / single plug specification)
  • J810 type Nissan Bluebird
  • J910 type Nissan Bluebird
  • FB22 type Nissan Atlas (single plug specification)
  • BC211 type Nissan Skyline
  • PA10/PA11 type Nissan Violet / Nissan Auster / Nissan Stanza

The Z16E is an EFI version of Z16S adopted the Nissan EGI. Released at the same time as the Z16S, it is mainly used in intermediate grade. It has almost the same internal structure as Z16S, but some of the improvement in output have been made.

Reference specifications:

  • Maximum output (gross): 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) at 6,000 rpm
  • Maximum torque (gross): 13.8 kg⋅m (135 N⋅m; 100 lbf⋅ft) at 4,000 rpm
  • Other numbers are equivalent to Z16S.

Car models:

  • PA11 type Nissan Violet / Auster / Stanza

Z18

The Z18 debuted in 1977, the first model of the Z-type engine to be released. Displacing 1,770 cc (1.8 L) with a bore and stroke of 85 mm × 78 mm (3.35 in × 3.07 in), it is essentially an older L18 type series four-cylinder with the new cross-flow cylinder head. A 1980 twin-carburetor version produced 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) at 6,000 rpm (SAE). Export specification is 77 PS (57 kW; 76 hp) those of Datsun · 180K (C210 type Skyline) at 5,600 rpm (DIN/net [Note 2] ), is 86 PS (63 kW; 85 hp) those of 910-series Bluebird, twin carburetor specifications 910 Bluebird SSS and Sylvia for export was 90–92 PS (66–68 kW; 89–91 hp). Z18 was also available in some of the commercial vehicle engine lineups; those models were of a single plug cylinder head design.

Reference specifications:

  • Displacement: 1,770 cc (1.8 L)
  • Compression ratio: 8.8:1
  • Maximum output (gross): 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) at 6000 rpm
  • Maximum torque (gross): 15 kg⋅m (147 N⋅m; 108 lbf⋅ft) at 3600 rpm
  • Above those of the twin plug specification engine

Car models:

  • 811-Series Nissan Bluebird
  • P910 type Nissan Bluebird / Datsun · 180B
  • PC231 type Nissan Laurel / Datsun-180L 1978.11-1980.11
  • C31 type Nissan Laurel 1980.11-1982.09
  • JF30-Series Nissan Leopard 1800
  • S110-Series Nissan Silvia / Nissan Gazelle
  • PC211 type Nissan Skyline 1800 / Datsun · 180K
  • PJR30 type Nissan Skyline 1800
  • RA11 type Nissan Violet / Auster / stanza / Datsun · 180J
  • D720 type Datsun Truck (1982-1985 single plug specification)
  • D21 type Datsun Truck (single plug specification)

Z18E

The Z18E is a 1.8 L (1,770 cc) fuel-injected engine produced primarily for the Japanese market. Most specs were the same as those of the Z18, but maximum power increased to 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp) (SAE) at 6,200 rpm in 1980 (Bluebird, Skyline).[2]

Applications:

Z18ET

The Z18ET is a 1.8 L (1,770 cc) turbocharged and fuel-injected engine first introduced in the 1979 S110 Silvia/Gazelle. It was produced primarily for the Japanese market and produced 135 PS (99 kW; 133 hp).

Applications:

Z20S

The Z20S (S denotes carbureted) is a 2.0 L (1,952 cc) engine with a bore and stroke of 85 mm × 86 mm (3.35 in × 3.39 in) that produced from 1979 through 1988. It replaced the L20B while using many of the same bottom-end components.

Applications:

In the US, the Z20S was only available in the 1980-81 510/A10 and 1984 720 pickup with the MPG option.

Nissan Caravans or Homys with this engine could reach a maximum speed of 160 km/h (99 mph). They were noted for being faster than their competition from Toyota primarily because the Z20S engine produced more power than the engines available in the equivalent Hiace. There was also a dual-fuel version capable of running on LPG, called the Z20D.

Z20E

The Z20E is a fuel-injected version of the Z20S engine produced from 1979 through July 1984. It had longer connecting rods and shorter compression-height pistons than the 1980-81 Z20S. It produces 100 PS (74 kW; 99 hp). The Z20E was not available in the 720 pickup, which only used carbureted versions. The Z20 engine was not available at all in US-spec. 720 pickups nor California-spec. D21 pickups.

Applications:

Z22S

The Z22S (carb only) was 2.2 L (2,188 cc) produced from 1980 through early 1983. Bore and stroke are 87 mm × 92 mm (3.43 in × 3.62 in); respectively. It produces 86 hp (64 kW; 87 PS) SAE as fitted to the US-market Datsun 720.

Applications:

Z22E

The Z22E is a fuel-injected version of the Z22 engine produced from 1981 through 1983, mainly for North America. This engine has longer connecting rods and shorter compression-height pistons than the carbureted Z22S engine.

Applications:

Z24

The Z24 was 2.4 L (2,389 cc) produced from 1983 through August 1989. A throttle-body fuel injection version (Z24i) was also produced, beginning in April 1985.

Applications:

various Forklift applications Z24 versions in gas and LPG

Note: All USDM gasoline Z20, Z22 and Z24 engines were known as NAPS-Z (NAPZ or NAPS-Z Nissan Anti-Pollution System), NAPZ motors had dual spark-plugs (two per cylinder) except the pre-82 versions and latest versions of the Z24i as fitted to the Pathfinder. All NAPZ engines sold in California reportedly had dual plug heads regardless of the year.

The fuel-injected version referenced above was denoted as the Z24i (Throttle Body Fuel Injection) and was first available in the Nissan Model 720 ST pickup during the 1985 model year and was replaced in 1990 by the KA24E engine and they share the same bellhousing pattern. Beside the fuel-injection, a significant change for the Z24i was the addition of an optical crank angle sensor in the distributor rather than a vacuum advance and ignition module. This allowed the JECS throttle-body injection system to identify the top dead center (TDC) of cylinder number one.

Engine Displacement: 2,389 cc (2.4 L) Bore x Stroke: 89 mm × 96 mm (3.50 in × 3.78 in) Compression Ratio: 8.3:1

Power Ratings:

  • Z24

Years - 1984-1986 Power - 103 hp (77 kW; 104 PS) at 4800 rpm Torque - 134 lb⋅ft (182 N⋅m; 19 kg⋅m) at 2800 rpm

  • Z24i

Years - 1986-1989 Power - 106 hp (79 kW; 107 PS) at 4800 rpm Torque - 137 lb⋅ft (186 N⋅m; 19 kg⋅m) at 2400 rpm [9]

See also

References
  1. Yamaguchi, Jack K. (1982), Lösch, Annamaria (ed.), "Japan: Shogun Strikes Back", World Cars 1982, Pelham, NY: The Automobile Club of Italy/Herald Books: 64, ISBN 0-910714-14-2
  2. Braunschweig, Robert; Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, eds. (March 6, 1980). "Automobil Revue '80". 75. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag, AG: 258–262. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. Nissan Commercial Vehicle Range 1984 (brochure), Worthing, UK: Nissan UK Limited, July 1984, pp. 7–8, S24.25m.F923.7.84
  4. Car Graphic: Car Archives Vol. 11, '80s Japanese Cars (in Japanese). Tokyo: Nigensha. 2007. p. 141. ISBN 978-4-544-91018-6.
  5. Nissan Gamma '85 [Nissan '85 range] (brochure) (in Dutch), Aartselaar, Belgium: N.V. Nissan Belgium S.A., 1985, p. 4
  6. Car Graphic Archives Vol. 11 ('80s), p. 141
  7. Automobil Revue '83, p. 407
  8. Büschi, Hans-Ulrich, ed. (March 10, 1983). "Automobil Revue '83". 78. Berne, Switzerland: Hallwag, AG: 404–405. ISBN 3-444-06065-3. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. 1986 nissan 720 Brochure
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