Infiniti

Infiniti (インフィニティ, Infiniti, IPA: [iɰ̃ɸiniti]) is the luxury vehicle division of Japanese automaker Nissan. Infiniti officially started selling vehicles on November 8, 1989, in North America. The marketing network for Infiniti-branded vehicles included dealers in over 50 countries in the 2010s.[1] As of 2020, there are 25 markets served by new car dealers. The main markets are the U.S. and China.

This article is about the car brand. For other uses, see Infiniti (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with ɛ̃fini or Infinity.
Infiniti
TypeDivision
IndustryAutomotive
Founded8 November 1989 (8 November 1989)
HeadquartersYokohama, Japan
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Peyman Kargar (Chairman)
ProductsLuxury vehicles
BrandsIPL
ParentNissan
Websitewww.infiniti.com

In January 2018 chief executive Hiroto Saikawa announced that the Infiniti brand would be transformed into an electric brand, with all new vehicles either being hybrid or all electric by 2021.[2]

In 2012, Infiniti moved its global headquarters from the Nissan corporate building in Yokohama and incorporated in Hong Kong as Infiniti Global Limited, with Carlos Ghosn intending for Infiniti to have a greater focus on the burgeoning luxury market in mainland China as it forecast the country to become the largest luxury car market.[3] Nissan appointed Roland Krüger, former head of BMW's Asian division, as president of Infiniti in September 2014.[4]

With its QX60 crossover (formerly known as JX35) Infiniti began to produce vehicles outside Japan.[3] In 2014, it started producing two models in Xiangyang, China, a plant operated by Nissan's joint venture with Dongfeng Motor.[3] At the same time Nissan Motor Manufacturing UK expanded in Sunderland, England, to produce a new compact car named Q30 in 2015.[3] In mid 2019, the Sunderland, England plant stopped assembling Infiniti vehicles.

In January 2018, Nissan CEO Hiroto Saikawa announced that all Infiniti vehicles launched from 2021 will be hybrid vehicles or all-electric vehicles.[5]

Infiniti is in the process of moving its headquarters from Hong Kong back to Yokohama as of 2020.[6]

History

The Infiniti marque is not used in Japan. However, the Infiniti Q50 is sold as a Nissan Skyline in Japan and retains Infiniti badging, though without the Infiniti brand or name. Most Infiniti models have direct equivalents in the Japanese domestic market Nissan lineup. Examples include the Infiniti G as the Nissan Skyline sedan and coupe and previously the Nissan Primera, Infiniti M as the Nissan Fuga and previously the Nissan Leopard, Infiniti EX as the Nissan Skyline crossover, and the Infiniti Q45 as the Nissan Cima. The Infiniti FX has no Nissan equivalent and is not sold in Japan.

The beginning
1989-1993 Infiniti Q45

The Infiniti brand was introduced in the United States in 1989. The marketing strategy was to target the premium vehicle segments in the United States that would not have otherwise fit in with Nissan's more mainstream image, and partially influenced by the Plaza Accord of 1985. The brand was created around the same time as Japanese rivals Toyota and Honda developed their Lexus and Acura premium brands. The Japanese government imposed voluntary export restraints for the U.S. market, so it was more profitable for automakers to export more expensive cars to the U.S.

The Infiniti marque was launched with two models, the Q45, and the M30 that were previously sold at Japanese Nissan Motor Store dealership networks. The Q45 was based on the all new second generation JDM Nissan President on a five millimeter shorter wheelbase platform at 2,875 mm (113.2 in). Starting with model year 1992, the wheelbase matched the President's wheelbase at 2880 mm (113.4 in). The Q45 included a 278 hp (207 kW; 282 PS) V8 engine, four wheel steering, and active suspension system offered on the first generation Q45t. The car's features would have made it competitive in the full-sized "luxury" segment against the Mercedes S-Class, BMW 7 Series, Jaguar XJ and Cadillac Fleetwood.

1990 Infiniti M30

A second model was introduced in November 1989, the 2-door M30, a badge engineered Nissan Leopard. It remained in production for three years as an alternative to the Lexus SC. The powertrain was the VG30E 162 hp (121 kW; 164 PS) engine and an automatic transmission. The M30 coupe was underpowered for its stock weight of 3,333 lb (1,512 kg). The M30 convertible weighed even more, due to the required body and chassis reinforcements. The appearance of the M30 had almost no resemblance to the larger Q45, and the interior was almost completely different.

Infiniti did not offer a mid-luxury sedan to match the first Japanese luxury sedan introduced to North America, the Acura Legend, which was later joined by the Lexus GS. Infiniti's first offering in the entry-level luxury segment was the Infiniti J30, which had to compete with the revised 1992 Lexus ES and was unsuccessful owing to its small interior and unusual styling to which it was succeeded in 1996 by the Infiniti I series introduced previously in April 1995, related to the Nissan Maxima and in 2002 by the Infiniti G35.

According to the company, the Infiniti badge has a double meaning, as stylized representations of both a road extending into the horizon and of Mount Fuji, reflecting its Japanese origins.[7]

1990s
1990 Infiniti G20
1992 Infiniti J30
1997-2000 Infiniti QX4

In September 1990, Infiniti introduced a third model, the Infiniti G20, derived from the compact and European-focused Nissan Primera.

In 1992 for the 1993 model year, Infiniti introduced a four-door coupé J30 with only one engine option, the 210 hp (157 kW; 213 PS) VG30DE. This engine was from the 222 hp (166 kW; 225 PS) 300ZX, the JDM Nissan Cedric, Nissan Gloria and the Nissan Cima, and was the North American version of the third generation JDM Nissan Leopard.

Infiniti sales were slow. The company's initial campaign aimed to bring about brand awareness with Zen-influenced spots that focused on nature and tranquility, without showing the actual cars.[8][9] Designers decided not to adorn the interiors with wood accents and chrome brightwork, opting instead for a monochrome, organic and rounded surface appearance, focusing on padded leather and vinyl throughout. Some buyers had faux wood appliques added to areas surrounding the center console and around the interior door handles. The only item that had a bright appearance was the centrally installed analog clock in all models, a design that is currently maintained by the designers.

By the mid-1990s, Infiniti was lagging behind Lexus and Acura in sales. The Q45 had retreated considerably from its focused, taut rendition of a sporty full-size luxury sedan, having become a barely recognizable, ponderously handling sedan that earned the nickname "The Japanese Lincoln". In the summer of 1998, Infiniti revived the G20, based on the JDM Nissan Primera, a compact sport sedan. The second generation G20 was marketed as a competitor to European entry-level luxury sport sedans, but it now weighed more than the first generation version. Because Infiniti continued to use the SR20DE four-cylinder engine and compact size, it fell short of sales expectations. The G20 was also marketed primarily to the wrong demographic, that being middle-aged professional women, and as such it was not as popular new as its main competition, the similarly priced Acura Integra.

In late 1996, Infiniti released the QX4, modifying and adding premium accommodations to the Nissan Pathfinder, becoming one of the first luxury car manufacturers to offer a mid-size premium SUV.

Infiniti replaced the J30 mid-sized rear drive sedan with the second-generation JDM Nissan Cefiro, giving it the North American designation "I30" in 1996. It offered one engine, the 193 PS (142 kW; 190 hp) VQ30DE with front wheel drive shared with the Maxima. The I30 was redesigned for the 2000 model year, featuring an increase in power to 231 PS (170 kW; 227 hp). Infiniti made further changes to the I30's appearance and performance in mid-2001, upgrading the engine to the more powerful 259 PS (190 kW; 255 hp) VQ35DE; this inspired a name change to the vehicle, which became the I35. Sales and the brand, bereft of an image or a following, floundered.

2000s
2001–2004 Infiniti I35
2008 Infiniti G37 Sport

By 2000, large Japanese companies were feeling the effect of the Japanese asset price bubble, and the reduced desirability of Infiniti's led to its facing extinction. The company rededicated itself to developing a dynamic and powerful line-up of sporty luxury cars. This coincided with parent company Nissan entering into an alliance with Renault under the direction of Carlos Ghosn and the Nissan Revival Plan. Car and Driver reported that Infiniti executives invited members of the motoring press to a meeting where they "swore never again to take their eyes off BMW." Although this effort began with a completely redesigned Q45 flagship for the 2002 model year in early 2001, it was the G35 that helped improve Infiniti sales by 2003. In Japan, Nissan had a well established reputation with premium level performance sedans after Nissan acquired the Prince Motor Company and integrated the Nissan Skyline, Nissan Laurel and Nissan Gloria, originally Prince vehicles, in 1966–1968. A sports sedan replacing its Nissan Primera-based predecessor (the G20), the Nissan Skyline-based Infiniti G35, was successful after it was voted Motor Trend Car of the Year in 2003.

The release of the sport-tuned FX35/45 crossover that same year piggybacked on the G35's success. The FX used the same components as the G35 sport coupe and was designed for American tastes. It combined good handling and performance with station wagon-like versatility and all-weather capability. In 2004, Infiniti added an all-wheel drive version of the G35 sports sedan to compete with similar all-wheel drive sports sedans from Audi and BMW. Infiniti also introduced a larger SUV to compete with the Toyota Land Cruiser/Lexus LX470. This was the 2004 Infiniti QX56 based on the U.S. market Nissan Armada.

Nissan Motors President and CEO, Carlos Ghosn, developed a business strategy to break Infiniti away from its Nissan roots. The G series helped re-define Infiniti as the "Japanese BMW", as it was aimed directly at the BMW 3 Series of sedans and coupes. The M35/M45 garnered acclaim from the automotive press, winning an eight-car comparison test in Car and Driver, and the model was named the best luxury sedan by Consumer Reports. The M45 model featured the same engine as the Q45, and the M45 became the flagship model after the Q45 was discontinued. The Infiniti M (2002–2005) and the Infiniti G (starting in 2002) were known in Japan as the Nissan Gloria and the Nissan Skyline.

In November 2006 for the 2007 model year a redesigned version of the G35 sedan was launched, followed in August 2007 by a new version of the company's G coupe, the G37. The coupe was first unveiled at the New York International Auto Show in April 2007. Also released in (December) 2007 was new Infiniti EX35 compact crossover, Infiniti's entry into the compact luxury crossover market. The EX shared the G35's 3.5-liter, 306 hp (228 kW), V6 engine.

Carlos Ghosn unveiled Infiniti's arrival in Europe at the 2008 Geneva Motor Show.[10] The official launch was late 2008, and was phased over a two-year period across 21 European countries. Four models are offered in Europe: the next generation of the Infiniti FX37 and Infiniti FX50 performance SUV, the Infiniti G37, the Infiniti G37 coupe, and the Infiniti EX37 crossover. Infiniti Europe's headquarters are in Rolle, Switzerland.[11]

2010s
Infiniti M56

Carlos Ghosn unveiled the Infiniti M at a hotel in Los Angeles. It shares the VQ37VHR from the Infiniti G, and Nissan 370Z. Featured are new powertrains: the 5.6 L V8 (VK56VD) with VVEL, Gasoline direct injection, the Nissan-Renault V9X Engine V6 Turbo Diesel (only for Europe), and the newly developed hybrid that includes one electric motor and two clutches to allow the gas engine and electric motor to drive the rear wheels simultaneously. The lithium-ion battery pack was first displayed in the Essence concept car.

At the 2010 Geneva Motor Show, Infiniti launched a new powertrain for Europe, with the new V9X Engine developed by the Renault-Nissan Alliance. The new engine is used in the Infiniti FX, Infiniti EX, and the new Infiniti M. The new Infiniti M made its European debut at the show.

In August 2010 Infiniti unveiled its new performance division named Infiniti Performance Line, or IPL.[12] Soon thereafter in 2011, Infiniti chose to sponsor the Renault engines for Red Bull Racing for the 2011 Formula One season.[13]

As of 2011, the G Series (consisting of the sedan, coupe, and convertible) accounts for 60% of sales. This has been attributed to their SUVs (including crossovers) which have been seen as determinedly aimed at the narrowest of niches, a lost opportunity as SUVs are popular in the U.S. market. In contrast, at archrival Lexus, SUVs contributed half of the sales volume. In 2011, Infiniti sales fell, while other import luxury vehicles were doing well.[14] Furthermore, Infiniti's performance over practicality emphasis has resulted in its crossovers and SUVs faring poorly among women compared to offerings from Acura and Lexus.[15]

Nissan announced the return of front-wheel drive to the Infiniti lineup on August 30, 2011 with the release of the Infiniti JX.[16] It joins Toyota's Lexus brand in terms of blending front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive vehicles again; since its inception in 1989, Lexus has had front-wheel drive platforms underpinning entry-level vehicles like the Lexus ES and Lexus RX. More importantly, the JX was meant to give Infiniti a credible rival to the Acura MDX and BMW X5 crossovers that offer optional three-row seating.[17][15]

In mid-2013 Infiniti announced their Q30 Concept car would get its world premiere at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show, a move which would see Infiniti start an aggressive strategy to extend the Infiniti brand into new premium segments.[18] In 2013, Infiniti's model designation changed to the coupes and sedans starting with the letter Q (SUVs and crossovers starting with the letters QX) and a number reflecting the model's place in the brand lineup. The M sedan became the Q70 while the G sedan was replaced with the Q50; meanwhile, the QX56 became the QX80 while the EX became the QX50.[19]

In August 2013 Infiniti announced that Simone Piattelli Palmarini would take up the role as head of public relations for Infiniti EMEA. Known to many in the media, Simone had previously worked for Pirelli and Ferrari.[20]

Infiniti Q50 S Hybrid

Johan de Nysschen was appointed to head the Infiniti division in 2012.[21] De Nysschen left the company as of August 2014 to become CEO of Cadillac. Infiniti Chairman Andy Palmer assumed de Nysschen's responsibilities.[22] Nissan appointed Roland Krüger, former head of BMW's Asian division, as president of Infiniti after the chairman of the marque, Andy Palmer, resigned to join Aston Martin in September 2014.[4] In 2019, Infiniti announced that the brand would be leaving the Western European market. This is due to a combination of poor sales, tough competition from European luxury brands (primarily Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Audi), and the uncertain Brexit outcome. Infiniti stated its intent to focus on the U.S. and Chinese markets instead, where most of the brand's sales come from. Subsequently, the QX30 and Q30 produced at the Nissan factory in Sunderland were to cease production.[23][24][25] Similarly, on September 3, 2019 it was announced that Infiniti would leave Australia and New Zealand due to slow sales in the region.[26][27]

Sales by calendar year
YearU.S. sales[28]Canada sales[29]Europe salesChina sales[30]
200088,351
200171,365
200287,911
2003118,655
2004130,9807,841
2005136,4017,672
2006121,1466,779
2007127,0376,756
2008112,9898,159453
200981,0897,0811,319
2010103,4118,2332,393
201198,4616,9363,686
2012119,8777,9932,995
2013116,4558,9472,20917,108
2014117,33010,0823,889
2015133,49811,3005,42725,467[31]
2016138,29312,11413,77526,131
2017153,41512,48812,57127,826[32]

Models
Main article: List of Infiniti vehicles

Infiniti's former model name designation included one letter for coupés and sedans (two letters for SUVs) and a number reflecting engine displacement. For example, the QX56 was an SUV featuring a 5.6 L engine. An exception to this was the QX4 SUV, which featured a 3.3 L engine (1996–2000) and later a 3.5 L engine (2000–2003). An "x" following the engine displacement of Infiniti sedans denoted an all wheel drive model (e.g. Infiniti G35x), "s" denoted a sport package, "h" denoted a hybrid model, "d" denoted a diesel model (e.g. M30d) and a "t" for a Touring model (older models only).

In 2013, Infiniti's model designation changed to the coupes and sedans starting with the letter Q, the SUVs and crossovers starting with the letters QX, and a number reflecting the model's place in the brand lineup. For instance, the M sedan became the Q70 while the G sedan was replaced with the Q50; meanwhile, the QX56 became the QX80 while the EX became the QX50.[19]

Current

Infiniti sedans and coupes are based on the Nissan FM platform. The center of the engine is placed behind the front wheels. The exceptions are the QX80 full-size SUV, which rides on the Nissan F-Alpha platform, and the QX60 crossover that rides on the Nissan D platform.

Discontinued

Concept vehicles
Infiniti Essence Concept
Infiniti Emerg-e Concept

Infiniti Performance Line
Further information: Infiniti Performance Line

In August 2010, Infiniti unveiled its new performance division named Infiniti Performance Line, or IPL.[12]

Motorsports
Infiniti Indy car next to a production Q45
Sebastian Vettel testing at Jerez for Infiniti Red Bull Racing

In 1996, Nissan launched an effort to compete in the Indy Racing League with the Infiniti brand.[33] The engine chosen for the Indy cars was a racing variant of the VH engine used in the production Q45s. Eddie Cheever resulted third in the 2000 season. The IRL program was quietly wrapped after the 2002 season after only a few wins.[34]

Infiniti entered Formula One in 2011 as a sponsor of Red Bull Racing,[35] which was chosen due to by the already existing collaboration with the Renault-Nissan Alliance, with Renault Sport Racing supplying engines to Red Bull Racing.[36] In 2011, Infiniti also signed Formula 1 World Champion Sebastian Vettel as its first global ambassador.[37]

The establishment of Renault F1 Team in 2016 by the Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi alliance partner provided Infiniti with the opportunity to evolve its involvement in Formula One,[38] collaborating on three main projects.[39] Infiniti contributes engineering resources to Renault F1 Team for the co-development of the Power Unit's Energy Recovery System (ERS), including relocating several of their specialists to the Renault F1 Team's facilities in France.[40][41] In addition, the Infiniti Engineering Academy provides for engineering students to collaborate with the Renault F1 Team.[42][43] Infiniti and the Renault F1 team also collaborate on Project Black S, a road car that features an ERS inspired by the one used in Formula One.[44][45][46]

Advertising

In July 2015, a commercial for the 2015 QX60 imitates a scene from the 1983 movie National Lampoon's Vacation. Ethan Embry, Clark's son in the Vegas Vacation movie, drives the QX60 and sees a blonde in a Lamborghini. Christie Brinkley, who played the blonde in the movie and drove a Ferrari, sits next to Embry.[47]

References
  1. Infiniti. "About Us - Infiniti Media Website". infinitipress.eu. Retrieved 2017-05-09.
  2. "Nissan's Infiniti vehicles to go electric". 16 January 2018 – via www.reuters.com.
  3. Philip, Siddharth (January 14, 2014). "Nissan's Infiniti Says Joint Daimler Platform Is Planned". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2 February 2014. Retrieved 31 January 2014.
  4. Nissan's Infiniti premium brand names Roland Kruger as president
  5. Frost, Laurence; Tajitsu, Naomi (17 January 2018). "Nissan's Infiniti vehicles to go electric". Reuters. US. Retrieved 10 June 2018.
  6. Yiu, Enoch. "Car maker Infiniti to move headquarters from Hong Kong to Japan to be nearer parent Nissan as it pursues electric, autonomous vehicles". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
  7. Widmar, Aaron (June 2, 2015), "Behind the Badge: Is the Infiniti Emblem a Road or a Mountain?", The News Wheel
  8. "Infiniti water commercial". Youtube. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  9. "Infiniti Launch Commercial". Youtube. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
  10. Madslien, Jorn (6 March 2008). "Nissan launches luxury brand in Europe". BBC News. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  11. Fontanelle, Anthony (26 March 2008). "Infiniti Parks In Rolle". www.amazines.com. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  12. Migliore, Greg (14 August 2010). "IPL: Why Infiniti is Now Aiming for Performance". autoweek.com. Crain Communications. Retrieved 15 August 2010.
  13. "Red Bull boosted by Infiniti deal". BBC News. 1 March 2011.
  14. "The most disliked cars of 2011". CNN. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26.
  15. Monticello, Mike (2012-03-28). "2013 Infiniti JX35 AWD Full Test and Video". Insideline.com. Retrieved 2012-04-21.
  16. "Nissan's Infiniti brand shifts away from RWD-only lineup". AutoWeek. 30 August 2011.
  17. http://www.automobilemag.com/reviews/driven/1204_2013_Infiniti_jx35_2012_bmw_x5_2013_lincoln_mkt_and_2012_acura_mdx/viewall.html
  18. "Infiniti releases first image of sleek, seductive Q30 Concept". Fit4Talent.com. Fit4Talent. 28 August 2013. Retrieved 28 August 2013.
  19. Korzeniewski, Jeremy (2012-12-17). "Infiniti queues up questionable Q and QX naming scheme". Autoblog. Retrieved 2012-12-17.
  20. "Infiniti announces new Head of Public Relations". Fit4Talent.com. Fit4Talent. 17 August 2013. Retrieved 17 August 2013.
  21. Elmer, Stephen (2012-06-04). "Former Audi CEO Johan de Nysschen Becomes Head of Infiniti". AutoGuide.com News.
  22. White, Joseph B.; Murphy, Colum (11 July 2014). "GM Hires Infiniti Chief de Nysschen to Head Cadillac". Wall Street Jurnal. Retrieved 10 August 2014.
  23. Tisshaw, Mark (12 March 2019). "Infiniti pulls out of Europe". Autocar. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  24. Pattni, Vijay (12 March 2019). "Infiniti is leaving Western Europe". Topgear. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  25. Shirouzu, Norihiko (12 March 2019). "Infiniti is leaving Western Europe". Reuters. Retrieved 12 April 2019.
  26. Hagon, Toby (2019-09-03). "Luxury brand leaves Australia after slow sales". news.com.au. News Corp Australia. Retrieved 2019-09-03.
  27. Bosselman, Richard (2019-09-03). "Infiniti exits New Zealand and Australia". Stuff.co.nz. Stuff Limited. Retrieved 2019-09-03.
  28. "Infiniti U.S. sales figures". infinitinews.com. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
  29. "Infiniti Canada sales figures". Yahoo.com. Archived from the original on 2015-12-08. Retrieved 2015-11-30.
  30. "2013 China luxury car sales figures". gasgoo.com. Retrieved 2014-01-13.
  31. "Infiniti breaks new global sales record in 2015". Nissan Online Newsroom.
  32. "INFINITI reports all-time U.S. annual record sales". Nissan Online Newsroom.
  33. Oldham, Scott (August 1996). "Asia Spy Report". Popular Mechanics. 8. 173: 27. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  34. RainMeister (14 June 2002). "IRL: Nissan Withdraws". freshalloy com. Archived from the original on 11 July 2011. Retrieved 27 August 2010.
  35. Alex Brownsell. "Infiniti secures F1 Red Bull team tie-up". Campaign. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
  36. Andrew Benson. "Red Bull get budget boost through Infiniti link-up". BBC Sport. Retrieved 1 March 2011.
  37. "Brand Ambassador - Sebastian Vettel : Infiniti".
  38. "Renault launches comprehensive Motorsport programme". Renault Sport Racing. Retrieved 3 February 2016.
  39. "INFINITI and Renault F1 Team". Infiniti Motor Company Ltd.
  40. "One Season In". Renault Sport Racing. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  41. Christian Sylt. "Why Two Manufacturers Are Better Than One In F1". Forbes. Retrieved 12 October 2016.
  42. "INFINITI Engineering Academy". INFINITI Motor Company Ltd.
  43. "Infiniti launches 2018 Engineering Academy". Renault Sport Racing. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
  44. "Project Black S". Infiniti Motor Company Ltd.
  45. Vijay Pattni. "Infiniti's Project Black S is a 563bhp Q60 with F1 tech". Top Gear. Retrieved 1 October 2018.
  46. "INFINITI High Performance Hybrid Technology for the Road and the Track". INFINITI Motor Company Ltd. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
  47. Lienert, Anita (8 July 2015). "2015 Infiniti QX60 Commercial Offers Nostalgic Look at National Lampoon's Vacation". edmunds.com. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
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