Pemirolast
Pemirolast (INN) is a mast cell stabilizer used as an anti-allergic drug therapy. It is marketed under the tradenames Alegysal and Alamast.
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| Trade names | Alamast |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| Routes of administration | Oral, ophthalmic |
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| Formula | C10H8N6O |
| Molar mass | 228.215 g·mol−1 |
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Clinical trials studying treatments for allergic conjunctivitis have found that an ophthalmic solution containing levocabastine with pemirolast potassium may be more effective in alleviating symptoms than levocabastine alone.[1]
It has also been studied for the treatment of asthma.
Pemirolast has appeared as a possible candidate for SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) spike protein disruption and interference. Such results were ascertained by molecular dynamics calculations executed on the Summit supercomputer. By simulating compounds with FDA or similar regulatory approval, the authors found 4 interfacial molecules that could potentially disrupt the SARS-CoV-2 interface with ACE-2 receptors, suggesting that such small molecules could mitigate SARS-CoV-2 infection. The 4 candidate interfacial molecules included pemirolast, isoniazid pyruvate, nitrofurantoin, and eriodictyol.[2]
References
- Castillo M, Scott NW, Mustafa MZ, Mustafa MS, Azuara-Blanco A (2015). "Topical antihistamines and mast cell stabilisers for treating seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis". Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 6 (6): CD009566. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009566.pub2. hdl:2164/6048. PMID 26028608.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
- Smith, MD, Smith JC (April 2020). "Repurposing Therapeutics for COVID-19: Supercomputer-Based Docking to the SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike Protein and Viral Spike Protein-Human ACE2 Interface". Preprint: 1–28.
- Tinkelman DG, Berkowitz RB (February 1991). "A pilot study of pemirolast in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis". Ann Allergy. 66 (2): 162–5. PMID 1994787.
- Kawashima T, Iwamoto I, Nakagawa N, Tomioka H, Yoshida S (1994). "Inhibitory effect of pemirolast, a novel antiallergic drug, on leukotriene C4 and granule protein release from human eosinophils". Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 103 (4): 405–9. doi:10.1159/000236662. PMID 8130655.
- Abelson MB, Berdy GJ, Mundorf T, Amdahl LD, Graves AL (October 2002). "Pemirolast potassium 0.1% ophthalmic solution is an effective treatment for allergic conjunctivitis: a pooled analysis of two prospective, randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled, phase III studies". J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 18 (5): 475–88. doi:10.1089/10807680260362759. PMID 12419098.
- Kemp JP, Bernstein IL, Bierman CW, et al. (June 1992). "Pemirolast, a new oral nonbronchodilator drug for chronic asthma". Ann Allergy. 68 (6): 488–91. PMID 1610024.