Ranks of the Imperial Japanese Army

The following tables present the rank insignia of the Imperial Japanese Army before and during World War II. These designs were worn on shoulders as passants (shoulder straps) between the years 1911 and 1938, then on collars afterwards until 1945, when the army was dissolved.

Imperial Japanese Army uniforms and ranks during World War II (US Army poster)

The same officer ranks were used for both the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy, the only distinction being the placement of the word Rikugun (army) or Kaigun (navy) before the rank. Thus, for example, a captain in the navy shared the same rank designation as that of a colonel in the army: Taisa (colonel), so the rank of Rikugun Taisa denoted an army colonel, while the rank of Kaigun daisa denoted a naval captain.

Cap badges

Officer ranks

Insignia Title Translation Command
Collar Shoulder Chest
None 大元帥陸軍大将
(Daigensui-Rikugun-Taishō)
Grand Marshal of the Japanese Empire
(Generalissimo)
Imperial Army
元帥陸軍大将
(Gensui-Rikugun-Taishō)
Field Marshal
(Marshal)
General army (Role:Army group)
None 陸軍大将
(Rikugun-Taishō)
General
(Army General)
Area army (Role:Field army)
Army (Role:Army corps)
陸軍中将
(Rikugun-Chūjō)
Lieutenant General
(Divisional General)
Area army
Army
Division
陸軍少将
(Rikugun-Shōshō)
Major General
(Brigade General)
Division[lower-alpha 1]
Brigade
陸軍大佐
(Rikugun-Taisa)
Colonel Brigade
Regiment
陸軍中佐
(Rikugun-Chūsa)
Lieutenant Colonel Regiment
Battalion
陸軍少佐
(Rikugun-Shōsa)
Major Battalion
陸軍大尉
(Rikugun-Tai-i)
Captain Battalion
Company
陸軍中尉
(Rikugun-Chūi)
First Lieutenant Company
Platoon
陸軍少尉
(Rikugun-Shōi)
Second Lieutenant Platoon
准尉
(Jun-i)
(Associate Officer)
特務曹長
(Tokumu Sōchō)
(Special Duty Sergeant Major)
(Before September 15th 1940)
Warrant Officer Platoon

Enlisted ranks

Insignia Title Translation Command
Collar Shoulder
曹長
(Sōchō)
Sergeant Major Platoon
軍曹
(Gunsō)
Sergeant Squad
伍長
(Gochō)
Corporal
兵長
(Heichō (Leading Soldier))
伍長勤務上等兵
(Gochō Kinmu jōtōhei (Senior Soldier acting as Corporal))
Lance Corporal
Second Corporal
上等兵
(Jōtōhei (Senior Soldier))
Superior Private
(Specialist)
None
一等兵
(Ittōhei (Soldier First Class))
Private 1st Class
二等兵
(Nitōhei (Soldier Second Class))
Private

See also

Notes

  1. The purpose is to appoint young general officers at the end of World War II.

References

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