Regaliceratops
Regaliceratops (meaning "royal horned face") is a genus of herbivorous ceratopsid dinosaur that lived during the late Cretaceous period, about 68 million years ago in what is now Alberta, Canada.[1][2]
| Regaliceratops | |
|---|---|
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| Skull of Regaliceratops on display at the Royal Tyrrell Museum, Canada | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Order: | †Ornithischia |
| Family: | †Ceratopsidae |
| Subfamily: | †Chasmosaurinae |
| Tribe: | †Triceratopsini |
| Genus: | †Regaliceratops Brown & Henderson, 2015 |
| Type species | |
| †Regaliceratops peterhewsi Brown & Henderson, 2015 | |
Discovery
Closely related to Triceratops, Regaliceratops was named for its plated frill, which its describers thought looked somewhat like a crown. In 2005, geologist Peter Hews discovered a skull at the Oldman River (St. Mary River Formation) in Alberta. The fossil was secured by a team of the Royal Tyrrell Museum. The specimen was given the nickname "Hellboy" for its horns and the difficulty of removing it from the matrix.[3]
In 2015, Caleb Marshall Brown and Donald Henderson named and described the type species Regaliceratops peterhewsi. The generic name combines Latin regalis, "royal", a reference to both the crown-shaped neck shield and the "Royal" Tyrrell, with a Greek keras, "horn", and ops, "face". The specific name honours Hews.[1]
The holotype, TMP 2005.055.0001, was found in a layer of the St. Mary River Formation dating from the middle Maastrichtian, about 68 million years old. It consists of a rather complete skull of which the snout bone, the rostrum, is lacking. The skull has been deformed by compression and its rear and underside are obscured by the matrix.[1]
Regaliceratops was about five metres long, with an estimated weight of 1.5 tonnes.[4]
Systematics
Regaliceratops was resolved as a member of the Triceratopsini by Brown and Henderson (2015).[1][2] However, in 2016 a study by Mallon et al. did not resolve Regaliceratops as a triceratopsin.[5]
Phylogeny
Phylogeny of Brown & Henderson, 2015.[1][2]
| Triceratopsini |
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Phylogeny of Mallon et al., 2016.[5]
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Regaliceratops peterhewsi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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See also
References
- Brown, Caleb M.; Henderson, Donald M. (June 4, 2015). "A new horned dinosaur reveals convergent evolution in cranial ornamentation in Ceratopsidae". Current Biology. 25 (online): 1641–8. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.041. PMID 26051892.
- "New species of horned dinosaur with 'bizarre' features revealed". Retrieved 2015-06-05.
- "'Hellboy' dinosaur rewrites the prehistory book". 3 News. 5 June 2015.
- Will Dunham, 2015, "Meet 'Hellboy,' the dinosaur with exotic horns and frill", Reuters 04 June 2015
- Jordan C. Mallon, Christopher J. Ott, Peter L. Larson, Edward M. Iuliano and David C. Evans (2016). "Spiclypeus shipporum gen. et sp. nov., a Boldly Audacious New Chasmosaurine Ceratopsid (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Judith River Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Campanian) of Montana, USA". PLoS ONE. 11 (5): e0154218. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154218. PMC 4871577. PMID 27191389.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
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