SULT1A1

Sulfotransferase 1A1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SULT1A1 gene.[3][4][5]

SULT1A1
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1LS6, 1Z28, 2D06, 3QVU, 3QVV, 3U3J, 3U3K, 3U3M, 3U3O, 3U3R, 4GRA
Identifiers
Aliases	SULT1A1, HAST1/HAST2, P-PST, PST, ST1A1, ST1A3, STP, STP1, TSPST1, sulfotransferase family 1A member 1
External IDs	OMIM: 171150 HomoloGene: 134950 GeneCards: SULT1A1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 16 (human)[1] Band 16p11.2 Start 28,605,196 bp[1] End 28,623,625 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • transferase activity • sulfotransferase activity • steroid sulfotransferase activity • flavonol 3-sulfotransferase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding • aryl sulfotransferase activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • cytosol Biological process • steroid metabolic process • amine metabolic process • catecholamine metabolic process • estrogen metabolic process • sulfation • lipid metabolism • flavonoid metabolic process • xenobiotic metabolic process • ethanol catabolic process • 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6817	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000196502	n/a
UniProt	P50225	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_177536 NM_001055 NM_177529 NM_177530 NM_177534	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001046 NP_803565 NP_803566 NP_803878 NP_803880	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 16: 28.61 – 28.62 Mb	n/a
PubMed search	[2]	n/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Sulfotransferase enzymes catalyze the sulfate conjugation of many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds. These cytosolic enzymes are different in their tissue distributions and substrate specificities. The gene structure (number and length of exons) is similar among family members. This gene encodes one of two phenol sulfotransferases with thermostable enzyme activity. Multiple alternatively spliced variants that encode two isoforms have been identified for this gene.[5]

The SULT1A1 enzyme is expressed in outer roots sheath of hair follicles. Minoxidil, the only US FDA approved topical drug for re-growing hair in male and female pattern hair loss (androgenetic alopecia patients) is a pro-drug. Minoxidil is converted to its active form (minoxidil sulfate) by the hair sulfotransferase enzyme (SULT1A1).[6] A large variability in sulfotransferase enzyme expression in hair is observed among people. Low sulfotransferase activity was found to be predictive to lack of response to topical minoxidil for hair re-growth.[7] In a clinical study, a novel formula using a hypoxia mimetic pathway demonstrated to increase SULT1A1 activity in human subjects in-vivo.[8]