Saint Stephen Parish, New Brunswick

Saint Stephen is a civil parish in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada,[2] located in the southwestern corner of the province. It includes one town and three local service districts (LSD), all of which are members of the Southwest New Brunswick Service Commission (SNBSC).[3]

This article is about the parish. For the town, see St. Stephen, New Brunswick.

Saint Stephen

St. Stephen
Parish
Location within Charlotte County.
Country Canada
Province New Brunswick
CountyCharlotte County
Erected1786
Area
 • Land103.25 km2 (39.87 sq mi)
Population
 (2016)[1]
 • Total1,839
 • Density17.8/km2 (46/sq mi)
 • Pop 2011-2016
 7.4%
 • Dwellings
820
Time zoneUTC-4 (AST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC-3 (ADT)

The LSD of the same name[4] includes only the southwestern part of the parish, an area including the communities of Mohannes and Upper Mills.

The Census subdivision of the same name includes all of the parish except the town of St. Stephen.[1]

Origin of name

William F. Ganong believed the name suggested by other Saint names in the area.[5] Five of the original six mainland parishes of Charlotte County used names of major saints recognised by the Church of England: Andrew (Scotland), David (Wales), George (England), Patrick (Ireland), and Stephen.

History

Saint Stephen Parish was established in 1786 as one of Charlotte County's original parishes,[6] with boundaries that included all of modern Dufferin Parish, but it only ran as far north as Mayfield and Barter Settlement.

In 1813 the parish was expanded northward as far as the prolongation of the northern line of Saint David, the boundary running through King Lake and striking the St. Croix River.[7]

In 1823 the northern part of the parish was included in the newly erected Saint James Parish,[8] giving the parish its current northern boundary.

In 1873 the eastern part of the parish was erected as Dufferin Parish,[9] giving the parish its current boundaries.

Boundaries

External boundaries

The parish runs along the St. Croix River from east of St. Stephen to above Woodland, Maine. The boundary runs northeasterly to north of Kendricks Lake, then runs northerly to include grants along Route 735, Route 740, and Route 3, as far north as Moores Mills Lake, then turns south and runs along grant lines to the St. Croix River.

Delineation

Saint Stephen Parish is defined in the Territorial Division Act[2] as being bounded:

South by Dufferin Parish and the St. Croix River; east by Saint David Parish, north and west by a line beginning in the intersection of the St. Croix River with the southwesterly prolongation of the northwestern limit of Lot No. 16, granted to Angus Rankin; thence northeasterly along said prolongation and said limit to the western limit of Lot No. 115, granted to Thomas Dodd; thence northerly along the western limits of Lots Numbered 115, 116, 117 and 99 to 114 inclusive to the southern limit of Lot No. 46 granted to Thomas Grimmer Junior; thence westerly along said limit and its prolongation to the eastern limit of Lot No. 60, granted to Robert M. Todd; thence northerly along the eastern limit of Lot No. 60 and its northerly prolongation, to meet the westerly prolongation of the northern limit of No. 53 granted to Peter Christie; thence easterly along said westerly prolongation, the northern limit of Lot No. 53 and the easterly prolongation of the northern limit of Lot No. 53, to the eastern bank or shore of Moore Lake.[lower-alpha 1]

Internal boundaries
  • The town of St. Stephen includes most of the parish south of Route 1 from the mouth of Dennis Stream to south of Calais, Maine.
  • The LSD of Dennis-Weston includes all of the parish east from the grants along Route 740;[4] it assesses for basic LSD services.[lower-alpha 2]
  • The LSD of Western Charlotte includes the mainland of the parish west of Dennis-Weston and north of St. Stephen, extending along Route 725 and Mohannes Stream;[4] it assesses for basic LSD services.[lower-alpha 2]
  • The LSD of the parish of Saint Stephen includes the remainder of the parish, an area of the mainland west and south of St. Stephen and Route 725 plus the islands in the St. Croix River;[4] it assesses for basic LSD services.[lower-alpha 2]

Former municipalities
  • Milltown was a town on the western edge of St. Stephen, with Boundary Street as the border between them. It was incorporated in 1873,[12] and amalgamated with St. Stephen on 1 October 1973 as St. Stephen – Milltown,[13] which was renamed St. Stephen in 1975.[14]
  • Upper Mills was a town along the St. Croix River from slightly west of the mouth of Mohannes Stream to the Bailey Rips. It was incorporated in 1874[15] and dissolved in 1896.[16]

Communities

Communities within the parish;[17][18][19] bold indicates a municipality.

Bodies of water

Bodies of water at least partly in the parish[17][18][19]

Islands

Islands in the parish[17][18][19]

  • Butler Islands
  • Crocker Island
  • numerous unnamed islands in the St. Croix River

Demographics

Population
Canada census – Saint Stephen Parish, New Brunswick community profile
2016 2011 2006
Population: 1,839 (-7.4% from 2011) 1,986 (-6.0% from 2006) 2,113 (+13.8% from 2001)
Land area: 103.25 km2 (39.87 sq mi) 103.38 km2 (39.92 sq mi) 104.41 km2 (40.31 sq mi)
Population density: 17.8/km2 (46/sq mi) 19.2/km2 (50/sq mi) 20.2/km2 (52/sq mi)
Median age: 47.8 (M: 46.9, F: 48.7) 44.0 (M: 43.5, F: 44.5) 39.6 (M: 38.9, F: 40.0)
Total private dwellings: 820 827 863
Median household income: $50,560 $50,064 $37,430
References: 2016[20] 2011[21] 2006[22] earlier[23]
Historical Census Data - Saint Stephen Parish, New Brunswick
YearPop.±%
1991 1,818—    
1996 1,890+4.0%
YearPop.±%
2001 1,856−1.8%
2006 2,113+13.8%
YearPop.±%
2011 1,986−6.0%
2016 1,839−7.4%
[24][1]

Language
Canada Census Mother Tongue - Saint Stephen Parish, New Brunswick[24]
Census Total
English
French
English & French
Other
Year Responses Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop % Count Trend Pop %
2011
1,955
 1,900 6.9% 97.19% 35 12.5% 1.79% 5 n/a% 0.25% 15 40.0% 0.77%
2006
2,105
 2,040 12.0% 96.91% 40 12.5% 1.90% 0 100.0% 0.00% 25 60.0% 1.19%
2001
1,850
 1,795 1.9% 97.03% 35 28.6% 1.89% 10 n/a% 0.54% 10 n/a% 0.54%
1996
1,855
 1,830 n/a 98.65% 25 n/a 1.35% 0 n/a 0.00% 0 n/a 0.00%

Access Routes

Highways and numbered routes that run through the parish, including external routes that start or finish at the parish limits:[25]

See also

Notes
  1. Now officially named Moores Mills Lake.[10]
  2. Firefighting, policing, zoning, EMO, and dog control, along with administrative costs.[11]

References
  1. "Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint Stephen, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  2. "Chapter T-3 Territorial Division Act". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  3. "Communities in each of the 12 Regional Service Commissions (RSC) / Les communautés dans chacune des 12 Commissions de services régionaux (CSR)" (PDF), Government of New Brunswick, July 2017, retrieved 1 February 2021
  4. "New Brunswick Regulation 84-168 under the Municipalities Act (O.C. 84-582)". Government of New Brunswick. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  5. Ganong, William F. (1896). A Monograph of the Place-Nomenclature of the Province of New Brunswick. Royal Society of Canada. p. 270.
  6. "26 Geo. III Chapter I. An Act for the better ascertaining and confirming the Boundaries of the several Counties within this Province, and for subdividing them into Towns or Parishes.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, passed in the year 1786. Saint John, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. 1786. pp. 3–12.
  7. "53 Geo. III c. 2 An Act, to enlarge the limits of the Parish of Saint Stephen, in the County of Charlotte.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick; Passed in the Year 1813. Saint John, New Brunswick: Government of New Brunswick. 1813. p. 21.
  8. "4 Geo. IV c. 11 An Act for erecting a part of the Parish of Saint Stephen and the Country adjacent, in the County of Charlotte, into a separate and distinct Town or Parish.". Acts of the General Assembly of His Majesty's Province of New-Brunswick, Passed in the Year 1823. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1823. pp. 14–16.
  9. "36 Vic. c. 75 An Act to erect a part of the Parish of Saint Stephen, in the County of Charlotte, into a separate Town or Parish.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1873. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1873. pp. 253–254.
  10. "Moore Lake". Canadian Geographical Names. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
  11. "2019 Local Government Statistics for New Brunswick" (PDF). Department of Environment and Local Government. p. 59. Retrieved 14 August 2020.
  12. "36 Vic. c. 103 An Act to incorporate certain Districts of the Parish of Saint Stephen, in the County of Charlotte, to be known as the Town of Milltown.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1873. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1873. pp. 334–363.
  13. "Regulation 73–99 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 73–745)". The Royal Gazette. Fredericton. 131: 921–922. 26 September 1973.
  14. "Regulation 75–59 under the Municipalities Act (O. C. 75–390)". The Royal Gazette. Fredericton. 133: 529. 11 June 1975.
  15. "37 Vic. c. 60 An Act to incorporate certain Districts of the Parish of Saint Stephen, in the County of Charlotte, to be known as The Town of Upper Mills.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Months of March & April 1874. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1874. pp. 112–113.
  16. "59 Vic. c. 78 An Act to repeal an Act to incorporate the Town of Upper Mills.". Acts of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of New Brunswick. Passed in the Month of March, 1896. Fredericton: Government of New Brunswick. 1896. pp. 397–398.
  17. "untitled spreadsheet of New Brunswick place names". Geographical names in Canada. Natural Resources Canada. Retrieved 20 July 2020.
  18. "No. 160". Provincial Archives of New Brunswick. Department of Natural Resources and Energy Development. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  19. Official place names of New Brunswick checked against the cadastral map of the area.
  20. "2016 Community Profiles". 2016 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 21 February 2017. Retrieved 7 September 2019.
  21. "2011 Community Profiles". 2011 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 19 March 2014.
  22. "2006 Community Profiles". 2006 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 30 March 2011. Retrieved 19 March 2014.
  23. "2001 Community Profiles". 2001 Canadian Census. Statistics Canada. 17 February 2012.
  24. Statistics Canada: 1996, 2001, 2006, 2011 census
  25. Atlantic Canada Back Road Atlas ISBN 978-1-55368-618-7 Pages 4, 12



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