Union affiliation by U.S. state
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Percent of workforce belonging to a union in 2017
20+%
15–19.9%
10–14.9%
5–9.9%
0–4.9%
| Rank | State | Percent union members | Union members | Percent represented by unions | Represented by unions | Total employed | Right to Work |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Hawaii | 23.7 | 120,000 | 25.7 | 130,000 | 508,000 | No |
| 2 |  New York | 22.0 | 1,661,000 | 23.6 | 1,784,000 | 7,552,000 | No |
| 3 |  Rhode Island | 17.8 | 81,000 | 19.1 | 87,000 | 455,000 | No |
| 4 |  Alaska | 17.7 | 49,000 | 19.5 | 55,000 | 280,000 | No |
| 5 |  Washington | 17.4 | 557,000 | 18.6 | 596,000 | 3,201,000 | No |
| 6 |  Connecticut | 17.1 | 262,000 | 18.4 | 282,000 | 1,533,000 | No |
| 7 |  Oregon | 16.2 | 275,000 | 17.3 | 293,000 | 1,694,000 | No |
| 8 |  California | 16.2 | 2,441,000 | 17.8 | 2,655,000 | 15,069,000 | No |
| 9 |  New Jersey | 16.1 | 600,000 | 17.8 | 660,000 | 3,719,000 | No |
| 10 |  Minnesota | 15.8 | 398,000 | 17.0 | 427,000 | 2,515,000 | No |
| 11 |  Michigan | 15.2 | 604,000 | 16.6 | 661,000 | 3,974,000 | Yes |
| 12 |  Maine | 14.7 | 82,000 | 16.7 | 93,000 | 559,000 | No |
| 13 |  Illinois | 14.3 | 739,000 | 15.2 | 788,000 | 5,178,000 | No |
| 14 |  Pennsylvania | 13.5 | 717,000 | 14.6 | 775,000 | 5,307,000 | No |
| 15 |  Nevada | 13.4 | 161,000 | 15.4 | 186,000 | 1,208,000 | Yes |
| 16 |  Ohio | 13.2 | 637,000 | 14.2 | 686,000 | 4,815,000 | No |
| 17 |  Maryland | 13.1 | 351,000 | 14.1 | 380,000 | 2,690,000 | No |
| 18 |  Massachusetts | 12.0 | 357,000 | 12.8 | 383,000 | 2,982,000 | No |
| 19 |  Montana | 12.0 | 50,000 | 13.0 | 54,000 | 419,000 | No |
| 20 |  Vermont | 11.8 | 31,000 | 13.8 | 36,000 | 265,000 | No |
| — |  United States | 10.8 | 14,253,000 | 12.1 | 15,939,000 | 132,174,000 | N/A |
| 21 |  West Virginia | 10.7 | 71,000 | 11.3 | 75,000 | 666,000 | Yes |
| 22 |  New Hampshire | 9.8 | 62,000 | 11.1 | 70,000 | 629,000 | No |
| 23 |  Delaware | 9.7 | 41,000 | 10.3 | 44,000 | 424,000 | No |
| 24 |  Nebraska | 9.6 | 85,000 | 10.5 | 94,000 | 890,000 | Yes |
| 25 |  Missouri | 9.4 | 238,000 | 10.1 | 254,000 | 2,525,000 | No |
| 26 |  Kansas | 8.9 | 114,000 | 11.2 | 144,000 | 1,282,000 | Yes |
| 27 |  Wisconsin | 8.7 | 227,000 | 10.2 | 264,000 | 2,592,000 | Yes |
| 28 |  District of Columbia | 8.6 | 30,000 | 9.5 | 33,000 | 343,000 | No |
| 29 |  Indiana | 8.3 | 235,000 | 9.5 | 270,000 | 2,838,000 | Yes |
| 30 |  Alabama | 8.0 | 151,000 | 8.7 | 164,000 | 1,896,000 | Yes |
| 31 |  Wyoming | 7.6 | 18,000 | 9.3 | 22,000 | 240,000 | Yes |
| 32 |  Kentucky | 7.5 | 127,000 | 9.4 | 160,000 | 1,694,000 | Yes |
| 33 |  Colorado | 7.4 | 182,000 | 8.2 | 202,000 | 2,470,000 | No |
| 34 |  Mississippi | 7.1 | 74,000 | 8.3 | 86,000 | 1,034,000 | Yes |
| 35 |  New Mexico | 7.1 | 53,000 | 8.6 | 64,000 | 743,000 | No |
| 36 |  Iowa | 6.6 | 93,000 | 9.1 | 128,000 | 1,401,000 | Yes |
| 37 |  Florida | 6.4 | 524,000 | 7.9 | 644,000 | 8,155,000 | Yes |
| 38 |  Oklahoma | 6.0 | 90,000 | 7.6 | 114,000 | 1,501,000 | Yes |
| 39 |  North Dakota | 6.2 | 21,000 | 7.4 | 25,000 | 338,000 | Yes |
| 40 |  Louisiana | 5.9 | 99,000 | 6.7 | 113,000 | 1,682,000 | Yes |
| 41 |  Idaho | 5.6 | 41,000 | 6.4 | 47,000 | 732,000 | Yes |
| 42 |  Arizona | 5.3 | 155,000 | 7.1 | 207,000 | 2,909,000 | Yes |
| 43 |  Texas | 4.9 | 497,000 | 6.0 | 642,000 | 11,607,000 | Yes |
| 44 |  Arkansas | 4.7 | 55,000 | 5.9 | 69,000 | 1,158,000 | Yes |
| 45 |  Virginia | 4.4 | 164,000 | 5.4 | 201,000 | 3,703,000 | Yes |
| 46 |  Tennessee | 4.4 | 117,000 | 5.1 | 137,000 | 2,678,000 | Yes |
| 47 |  South Dakota | 4.3 | 17,000 | 5.5 | 21,000 | 385,000 | Yes |
| 48 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Georgia | 4.1 | 194,000 | 5.0 | 271,000 | 4,173,000 | Yes |
| 49 |  Utah | 3.7 | 51,000 | 5.4 | 75,000 | 1,403,000 | Yes |
| 50 |  North Carolina | 3.1 | 129,000 | 3.9 | 161,000 | 4,128,000 | Yes |
| 51 |  South Carolina | 2.7 | 59,000 | 3.8 | 77,000 | 2,036,000 | Yes |
See also
References
- Bureau of Labor Statistics (January 22, 2021). "Union members in 2020". Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor.
External links
- Hirsch, Barry T.; Macpherson, David (2016). "Union Membership and Coverage Database". Unionstats.com.
- Hirsch, Barry T.; Macpherson, David A.; Vroman, Wayne G. (2016). "Union Density Estimates by State, 1964–2015". Atlanta: Georgia State University.
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