2011 in mammal paleontology

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This article records new taxa of fossil mammals of every kind that have been described during the year 2011, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of mammals that occurred in the year 2011.

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes
Cronopio[1]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Rougier Apesteguía Gaetano	Cenomanian	Candeleros Formation	Argentina	A "saber-toothed" dryolestoid.
Crusafontia amoae[2]	Species	Valid	Cuenca-Bescós Badiola et al.[CAL 1]	Hauterivian to Barremian		Spain	A dryolestidan mammal.
Guggenheimia crocheti[3]	Sp. nov	Valid	Oliveira & Goin	Itaboraian	Itaboraí Basin	Brazil	A protodidelphid "ameridelphian", a species of Guggenheimia.
Iberica[4]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Badiola Canudo Cuenca-Bescós	Hauterivian/Barremian	Galve	Spain	A eobaatarid or a possible plagiaulacid multituberculate.
Invictokoala[5]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Price Hocknull	Middle Pleistocene		Australia	A Koala.
Liaoconodon[6]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Meng Wang Li	Aptian	Jiufotang Formation	China	An "eutriconodont".
Lutreolina materdei[7]	Species	Valid	Goin & de los Reyes	Late Miocene (Huayquerian)		Peru	A relative of lutrine opossum.
Malleodectes[8]	Gen. et 2 sp.	Valid	Arena et al.	Miocene	Riversleigh World Heritage Area	Australia	A member of Dasyuromorphia of uncertain phylogenetic placement.[9] The type species is M. mirabilis; genus also includes M. moenia.
Naraboryctes[10]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Archer Beck et al.[CAL 2]	Early Miocene		Australia	A marsupial mole.
Oklatheridium minax[11]	Species	Valid	Davis Cifelli	Aptian-Albian	Antlers Formation	USA	A deltatheroidan mammal.
Peradectes coprexeches[12]	Species	Valid	Williamson Taylor	Early Paleocene	Nacimiento Formation	United States	A peradectid metatherian, a species of Peradectes.
Periprotodidelphis[3]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Oliveira & Goin	Itaboraian	Itaboraí Basin	Brazil	A protodidelphid "ameridelphian". The type species is Periprotodidelphis bergqvistae.
Sairadelphys[13]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Oliveira et al.	Pleistocene		Brazil	A relative of Kalinowski's mouse opossum. The type species is Sairadelphys tocantinensis.
Sineleutherus issedonicus[14]	Species	Valid	Averianov Lopatin Krasnolutskii	Bathonian	Itat Formation	Russia	A haramiyidan allotherian.
Swaindelphys encinensis[12]	Species	Valid	Williamson Taylor	Early Paleocene	Nacimiento Formation	United States	A herpetotheriid metatherian, a species of Swaindelphys.
Swaindelphys johansoni[12]	Species	Valid	Williamson Taylor	Early Paleocene	Nacimiento Formation	United States	A herpetotheriid metatherian, a species of Swaindelphys.

Newly named eutherians

Name	Novelty	Status	Authors	Age	Unit	Location	Notes	Images
Adelpharctos ginsburgi[15]	Sp. nov	Valid	de Bonis	Late Oligocene		France	A hemicyonine bear, a species of Adelpharctos.
Aegyptocetus[16]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Bianucci Gingerich	Middle Eocene	Gebel Hof Formation	Egypt	A protocetid cetacean.
Agriarctos beatrix[17]	Sp. nov	Valid	Abella, Montoya & Morales	Middle Miocene	Calatayud-Daroca Basin	Spain	An ailuropodine bear, originally described as a species of Agriarctos. It was later made the type species of the genus Kretzoiarctos.[18]
Agriotherium myanmarensis[19]	Sp. nov	Valid	Ogino et al.	Late Miocene to early Pliocene		Myanmar	A bear, a species of Agriotherium.
Alilepus elongatus[20]	Sp. nov	Valid	Winkler Flynn Tomida	Late Miocene	Dhok Pathan Formation	Pakistan	A leporid lagomorph, a species of Alilepus.
Alilepus meini[21]	Sp. nov	Valid	Angelone Rook	Miocene (early Messinian)		Italy	A leporid lagomorph, a species of Alilepus.
Antarctodon[22]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Bond Kramarz et al.[CAL 3]	Late Ypresian	La Meseta Formation	Antarctica	An astrapotherian.
Arazamys[23]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Rinderknecht, Bostelmann & Ubilla	Late Miocene (Huayquerian)	Camacho Formation	Uruguay	A dinomyid rodent. The type species is Arazamys castiglionii.
Asilifelis[24]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Werdelin	Lower Miocene	Hiwegi Formation	Kenya	A felid. The type species is Asilifelis coteae.
Basirepomys romensis[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth	Late Miocene (Hemphillian)		United States	A cricetid rodent, a species of Basirepomys.
Betonnia[26]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Williamson Weil Standhardt	Middle/Late Puercan	Nacimiento Formation	USA	A cimolestid cimolesta.
Balochititanops[27]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Missiaen Gunnell Gingerich	Ypresian	Ghazij Formation	Pakistan	A brontotheriid.
Brachygaulus[28]	Gen. et 3 sp. nov	Valid	Korth Tabrum	Early Oligocene (Orellan)		United States	A rodent related to mylagaulids and the mountain beaver. The type species is Brachygaulus nicholsi; genus also contains Brachygaulus leistneri and Brachygaulus xerobothrus.
Caviodon cuyano[29]	Species	Valid	Vucetich Deschamps et al.[CAL 4]	Late Miocene or Pliocene.	Aisol Formation	Argentina	A cardiomyine rodent, a species of Caviodon.
Cernictis repenningi[30]	Sp. nov	Valid	Baskin	Miocene (middle Hemphillian)	Bidahochi Formation	United States	A galictine mustelid, a species of Cernictis.
Chacomylus[31]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Williamson Weil	Paleocene	Nacimiento Formation	USA	A hyopsodontid condylarth.
Chacopterygus[26]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Williamson Weil Standhardt	Middle Puercan	Nacimiento Formation	USA	A cimolestid cimolesta.
Coelodonta thibetana[32]	Species	Valid	Deng Wang et al.[CAL 5]	Middle Pliocene		China	Woolly rhinoceros.
Comahuetherium[33]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Kramarz Bond	Colhuehuapian	Cerro Bandera Formation	Argentina	An astrapotheriid.
Cryptobune[34]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Sigé	Paleogene	Quercy Phosphorites Formation	France	A bat. Genus includes new species C. thevenini.
Cynthiacetus peruvianus[35]	Species	Valid	Martínez-Cáceres Muizon	Late Eocene-Early Oligocene	Otuma Formation	Peru	A basilosaurid cetacean.	Cynthiacetus
Delotrochanter[36]	Gen. et 3 sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Arikareean		USA	A temnocyonine. The type species is Delotrochanter oryktes; genus also contains D. petersoni and D. major
Democricetodon sui[37]	Sp. nov	Valid	Maridet et al.	Early Miocene	Junggar Basin	China	A rodent belonging to the family Cricetidae.
Diplacodon gigan[38]	Species	Valid	Mihlbachler	Middle Eocene	Wiggins Formation	USA	A brontotheriid.
Enhydriodon dikikae[39]	Sp. nov	Valid	Geraads et al.	Pliocene		Ethiopia	An otter.
Eoconodon hutchisoni[40]	Sp. nov	Valid	Clemens	Early Paleocene (Puercan)	Tullock Formation	United States	A triisodontid, a species of Eoconodon.
Eotitanops pakistanensis[27]	Species	Valid	Missiaen Gunnell Gingerich	Ypresian	Ghazij Formation	Pakistan	A brontotheriid.	Eotitanops
Equus (Sussemionus) ovodovi[41]	Sp. nov	Valid	Eisenmann Sergej	Late Pleistocene		China[42] Russia	A species of Equus.
Eumys euryodus[43]	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth	Oligocene (Whitneyan)		United States	A cricetid rodent, a species of Eumys.
Euprox altus[44]	Sp. nov	Valid	Wang Zhang	Middle Miocene	Damiao Formation	China	A deer.
Gobicricetodon filippovi[45]	Sp. nov	Valid	Sen Erbajeva	Middle Miocene		Russia	A rodent belonging to the family Cricetidae and the subfamily Cricetodontinae.
Griphotherion[46]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	López Powell	Eocene		Argentina	A rodent-like notoungulate.
Hiskatherium[47]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Pujos Iuliis Quispe	Santacrucian		Bolivia	A small ground sloth.
Homotherium venezuelensis[48]	Sp. nov	Valid	Rincón Prevosti Parra	Pleistocene	Mesa Formation	Venezuela	A machairodontine felid, a species of Homotherium.
Hystrix paukensis[49]	Species	Valid	Yuichiro Nishioka Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein et al.[CAL 6]	late Miocene/early Pliocene		Burma	new species in the genus Hystrix (Old World porcupine).
Jacobsomys dailyi[50]	Sp. nov	Valid	May et al.	Miocene (late Hemphillian)	Horned Toad Formation	United States	A cricetid rodent. Originally described as species of Jacobsomys; Rincón et al. (2016) transferred it to the genus Postcopemys.[51]
Juramaia[52]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Luo Yuan et al.[CAL 7]	Callovian to Bathonian	Tiaojishan Formation	China	A basal eutherian. The type species is Juramaia sinensis.
Karydomys debruijni[53]	Species	Valid	Maridet et al.	Early Miocene		China	A cricetid, a species of Karydomys.
Khoratpithecus ayeyarwadyensis[54]	Species	Valid	Jaeger Soe et al.[CAL 8]	Late Miocene	Irrawaddy Formation	Myanmar	A hominoid.	Khoratpithecus
Kuntinaru[55]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Billet Hautier et al.[CAL 9]	Deseadan		Bolivia	A dasypodid armadillo.
Lazibemys[56]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Marivaux et al.	Eocene	Glib Zegdou Formation	Algeria	A zegdoumyid anomaluromorph rodent. The type species is Lazibemys zegdouensis.
Lycophocyon[57]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Tomiya	?Uintan-Duchesnean	Santiago Formation	USA	A caniformian carnivoran.	Lycophocyon
Mammacyon ferocior[36]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Mid- or early late Arikareean	Arikaree Group	USA	A temnocyonine, a species of Mammacyon
Martes ginsburgi[58]	Sp. nov	Valid	Montoya, Morales & Abella	Upper Miocene		Spain	A marten.
Megacricetodon beijiangensis[53]	Species	Valid	Maridet et al.	Early Miocene		China	A cricetid, a species of Megacricetodon.
Megapeomys repenningi[59]	Sp. nov	Valid	Tomida	Early Miocene	Nakamura Formation	Japan	An apeomyine eomyid rodent, a species of Megapeomys.
Mescalerolemur[60]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Kirk Williams	Uintan	Devil’s Graveyard Formation	USA	An adapiform strepsirrhini.
Mesolambdolophus[61]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Holbrook Lapergola	Bridgerian North American Stage	Bridger Formation	USA	A small odd-toed ungulate of uncertain phylogenetic position, possibly related to Tapiromorpha. The type species is Mesolambdolophus setoni.
Mesoprocta[62]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Croft, Chick & Anaya	Middle Miocene		Bolivia	A dasyproctid rodent. The type species is Mesoprocta hypsodus.
Microcardiodon[63]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pérez & Vucetich	Middle Miocene		Argentina	A member of Hystricognathi, a cavioid rodent. The type species is Microcardiodon williensis.
Microtus (Pedomys) parmaleei[64]	Sp. nov	Valid	Martin Peláez-Campomanes Honey	Latest Pleistocene		United States	An arvicoline rodent, a species of Microtus.
Minchenoletes[65]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Wang et al.	Early Eocene	Nomogen Formation	China	A member of Tapiroidea belonging to the family Lophialetidae. The type species is M. erlianensis.
Mionothropus[66]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	De Iuliis Gaudin Vicars	Huayquerian		Peru	A megatheriid sloth.
Miotomodon[25]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Korth	Late Miocene (Hemphillian)		United States	A cricetid rodent. The type species is Miotomodon mayi.
Mondegodon[67]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Tabuce Clavel Antunes	Earliest Eocene		Portugal	A mesonychian.
Myaingtherium[68]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Tsubamoto et al.	Late Middle Eocene	Pondaung Formation	Myanmar	A member of the family Anthracotheriidae. The type species is M. kenyapotamoides.
Nannocricetus wuae[69]	Sp. nov	Valid	Zhang et al.	Late Miocene		China	A hamster.
Nevadomys[70]	Gen. et 3 sp. nov	Valid	Mou	Pliocene (Blancan)	Panaca Formation	United States	A relative of the long-clawed mole vole. The type species is Nevadomys fejfari; genus also contains Nevadomys lindsayi and Nevadomys downsi.
Nuralagus[71]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Quintana Köhler Moyà-Solà	Early Pliocene		Spain	A leporid rabbit.	Nuralagus
Ocucajea[72]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Uhen Pyenson et al.[CAL 10]	Bartonian	Paracas Formation	Peru	A basilosaurid cetacean.
Oldrichpedetes[73]	Gen. et comb. et 3 sp. nov	Valid	Pickford & Mein	Early Miocene to early Pliocene		Kenya Namibia Tunisia	A pedetid rodent, a new genus for "Megapedetes" pickfordi (Mein & Senut, 2003). Genus also contains 3 new species: Oldrichpedetes fejfari, O. brigitteae and O. praecursor.
Paranotiosorex[74]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Mou	Pliocene	Panaca Formation	United States	A shrew. The type species is Paranotiosorex panacaensis.
Paronychomys shotwelli[25]	Sp. nov	Valid	Korth	Late Miocene (Hemphillian)		United States	A cricetid rodent. Originally described as a species of Paronychomys; transferred to the separate genus Tsaphanomys by Martin & Zakrzewski (2019).[75]
Phoxomylus[76]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Fox	Early Tiffanian	Paskapoo Formation	Canada	A palaechthonid plesiadapiform.
Pliosaccomys prowitteorum[77]	Sp. nov	Valid	Martin Mallory	Late Miocene (Hemphillian)	Ellensburg Formation	USA	A pocket gopher, a species of Pliosaccomys.
Pliospalax complicatus[78]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Şen Sarica	Miocene		Turkey	A spalacid rodent, a species of Pliospalax.
Postcopemys[79]	Gen. et 2 sp. et comb. nov	Valid	Lindsay Czaplewski	Pliocene (late Hemphillian and early Blancan)		Mexico? United States	A cricetid rodent. The type species is Postcopemys repenningi; genus also contains Postcopemys maxumensis, as well as "Peromyscus" valensis Shotwell (1967) and "Copemys" vasquezi Jacobs (1977).
Prothomomys[50]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	May et al.	Miocene (late Hemphillian)	Horned Toad Formation	United States	A gopher. The type species is Prothomomys warrenensis.
Protoryx tuvaensis[80]	Species	Valid	Dmitrieva Serdyuk	Late Miocene		Russia	A bovid.
Protungulatum coombsi[81]	Species	Valid	Archibald Zhang et al.[CAL 11]	Maastrichtian	Hell Creek Formation	USA	A species of Protungulatum.
Quebradahondomys[62]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Croft, Chick & Anaya	Middle Miocene		Bolivia	An adelphomyine spiny rat. The type species is Quebradahondomys potosiensis.
Repomys minor[70]	Sp. nov	Valid	Mou	Pliocene (early Blancan)	Panaca Formation	United States	A cricetid rodent, a species of Repomys.
Robertschochia[82]	Nom. nov	Valid	Lucas	Paleocene		United States	A taeniodont; a replacement name for Schochia Lucas & Williamson (1993).
Rudiocyon[36]	Gen. et sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Arikareean	John Day Formation	USA	A temnocyonine. The type species is Rudiocyon amplidens
Rusingapedetes[73]	Gen. et sp. nov	Valid	Pickford & Mein	Early Miocene		Kenya	A pedetid rodent. The type species is Rusingapedetes tsujikawai.
Rytiodus heali[83]	Species	Valid	Domning Sorbi	Miocene		Libya Madagascar[84]	A dugongid sirenian, a species of Rytiodus.
Sicista primus[85]	Sp. nov	Valid	Kimura	Early Miocene (~17 Ma)		China	A birch mouse.
Sinapospalax berdikensis[78]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Şen Sarica	Miocene		Turkey	A spalacid rodent, a species of Sinapospalax.
Supayacetus[72]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Uhen Pyenson et al.[CAL 10]	Bartonian	Paracas Formation	Peru	A basilosaurid cetacean.
Tapirus rondoniensis[86]	Sp. nov	Valid	Holanda, Ferigolo & Ribeiro	Late Pleistocene	Rio Madeira Formation	Brazil	A tapir.
Tarsius sirindhornae[87]	Sp. nov	Valid	Chaimanee et al.	Middle Miocene	Na Khaem Formation	Thailand	A tarsier.
Temnocyon fingeruti[36]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Latest Oligocene, late mid-Arikareean	John Day Formation	USA	A temnocyonine, a species of Temnocyon
Temnocyon macrogenys[36]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Latest Arikareean	Anderson Ranch Formation	USA	A temnocyonine, a species of Temnocyon
Temnocyon subferox[36]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Hunt	Early Arikareean	John Day Formation	USA	A temnocyonine, a species of Temnocyon
Tragelaphus lockwoodi[88]	Sp. nov.	Valid	Reed Bibi	Pliocene	Hadar Formation	Ethiopia	A species of Tragelaphus.
Turiasorex[89]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	van Dam van den Hoek Ostende Reumer	Middle - Late Miocene		Spain	A short-snouted shrew.
Umayodus[90]	Gen. et sp.	Valid	Gelfo Sigé	Late Paleocene/Earliest Eocene	Muñami Formation	Peru	A didolodontid "condylarth".

Notes

Cuenca-Bescós, Badiola, Canudo, Gasca and Moreno-Azanza.
Archer, Beck, Gott, Hand, Godthelp, Black.
Bond, Kramarz, MacPhee, Reguero.
Vucetich, Deschamps, Morgan and Forasiepi.
Deng, Wang, Fortelius, Li, Wang, Tseng, Takeuchi, Saylor, Säilä, Xie
Naoko Egi, Takehisa Tsubamoto, Takeshi Nishimura, Tsuyoshi Ito, Thaung-Htike and Masanaru Takai.
Luo, Yuan, Meng, Ji.
Jaeger, Soe, Chavasseau, Coster, Emonet, Guy, Lebrum, Maung, Shwe, Tun, Rugbumrung, Bocherens, Benammi, Chaivanich, Tafforeau, Chaimanee.
Billet, Hautier, de Muizon, Valentin.
Uhen, Pyenson, Devries, Urbina, Renne.
Archibald, Zhang, Harper and Cifelli

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[camoae-authors-3] Cuenca-Bescós, Badiola, Canudo, Gasca and Moreno-Azanza.

[naraboryctes-authors-12] Archer, Beck, Gott, Hand, Godthelp, Black.

[antarctodon-authors-25] Bond, Kramarz, MacPhee, Reguero.

[ccuyano-authors-33] Vucetich, Deschamps, Morgan and Forasiepi.

[PlioceneWoollyRhino-authors-37] Deng, Wang, Fortelius, Li, Wang, Tseng, Takeuchi, Saylor, Säilä, Xie

[Hystrix_paukensis-authors-55] Naoko Egi, Takehisa Tsubamoto, Takeshi Nishimura, Tsuyoshi Ito, Thaung-Htike and Masanaru Takai.

[Juramaia-authors-59] Luo, Yuan, Meng, Ji.

[K-ayeyarwadyensis-authors-62] Jaeger, Soe, Chavasseau, Coster, Emonet, Guy, Lebrum, Maung, Shwe, Tun, Rugbumrung, Bocherens, Benammi, Chaivanich, Tafforeau, Chaimanee.

[kuntinaru-authors-64] Billet, Hautier, de Muizon, Valentin.

[ocucajea-authors-82] Uhen, Pyenson, Devries, Urbina, Renne.

[Pcoombsi-92] Archibald, Zhang, Harper and Cifelli

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[Archer11-11] Michael Archer; Robin Beck; Miranda Gott; Suzanne Hand; Henk Godthelp; Karen Black (2011). "Australia's first fossil marsupial mole (Notoryctemorphia) resolves controversies about their evolution and palaeoenvironmental origins". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 278 (1711): 1498–1506. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.1943. PMC 3081751. PMID 21047857.

[13] Brian M. Davis; Richard L. Cifelli (2011). "Reappraisal of the tribosphenidan mammals from the Trinity Group (Aptian-Albian) of Texas and Oklahoma". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (3): 441–462. doi:10.4202/app.2011.0037.

[PEmetatherians-14] Thomas E. Williamson; Louis H. Taylor (2011). "New species of Peradectes and Swaindelphys (Mammalia: Metatheria) from the Early Paleocene (Torrejonian) Nacimiento Formation, San Juan Basin, New Mexico, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): 23A.

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[Aegyptocetus-18] Giovanni Bianucci; Philip D. Gingerich (2011). "Aegyptocetus tarfa, n. gen. et sp. (Mammalia, Cetacea), from the middle Eocene of Egypt: clinorhynchy, olfaction, and hearing in a protocetid whale". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (6): 1173–1188. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.607985.

[19] J. Abella; P. Montoya; J. Morales (2011). "A New species of Agriarctos (Ailuropodinae, Ursidae, Carnivora) in the locality of Nombrevilla 2 (Zaragoza, Spain)". Estudios Geológicos. 67 (2): 187–191. doi:10.3989/egeol.40714.182.

[20] Juan Abella; David M. Alba; Josep M. Robles; Alberto Valenciano; Cheyenn Rotgers; Raül Carmona; Plinio Montoya; Jorge Morales (2012). "Kretzoiarctos gen. nov., the Oldest Member of the Giant Panda Clade". PLOS ONE. 7 (11): e48985. Bibcode:2012PLoSO...748985A. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0048985. PMC 3498366. PMID 23155439.

[21] Shintaro Ogino; Naoko Egi; Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein; Thaung-Htike; Masanaru Takai (2011). "New species of Agriotherium (Mammalia, Carnivora) from the late Miocene to early Pliocene of central Myanmar". Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. 42 (3): 408–414. Bibcode:2011JAESc..42..408O. doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.05.017.

[22] Alisa J. Winkler; Lawrence J. Flynn; Yukimitsu Tomida (2011). "Fossil lagomorphs from the Potwar Plateau, northern Pakistan". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.38A.

[23] Chiara Angelone; Lorenzo Rook (2011). "Alilepus meini nov. sp. (Leporidae, Lagomorpha) from the Early Messinian of Tuscany (central-western Italy)". Geobios. 44 (2–3): 151–156. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2010.11.003.

[Antarctodon-24] Mariano Bond; Alejandro Kramarz; Ross D. E. MacPhee; Marcelo Reguero (2011). "A new astrapothere (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from La Meseta Formation, Seymour (Marambio) Island, and a reassessment of previous records of Antarctic astrapotheres" (PDF). American Museum Novitates. 3718 (3718): 1–16. doi:10.1206/3718.2. hdl:2246/6118.

[26] Andrés Rinderknecht; Enrique Bostelmann T.; Martín Ubilla (2011). "New genus of giant Dinomyidae (Rodentia: Hystricognathi: Caviomorpha) from the late Miocene of Uruguay". Journal of Mammalogy. 92 (1): 169–178. doi:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-099.1.

[27] L. Werdelin (2011). "A new genus and species of Felidae (Mammalia) from Rusinga Island, Kenya, with notes on early Felidae of Africa". Estudios Geológicos. 67 (2): 217–222. doi:10.3989/egeol.40480.185.

[ACMcricetids-28] William W. Korth (2011). "New Species of Cricetid Rodents (Mammalia) from the Late Miocene (Hemphillian) Previously Referred to Peromyscus pliocenicus Wilson". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 79 (2): 137–147. doi:10.2992/007.079.0205.

[ChacoBetonnia-29] Thomas E. Williamson; Anne Weil; Barbara Standhardt (2011). "Cimolestids (Mammalia) from the early Paleocene (Puercan) of New Mexico". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 162–180. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.539649.

[brontotheres10-30] Pieter Missiaen; Gregg F. Gunnell & Philip D. Gingerich (2011). "New Brontotheriidae (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) from the Early and Middle Eocene of Pakistan with Implications for Mammalian Paleobiogeography". Journal of Paleontology. 85 (4): 665–677. doi:10.1666/10-087.1.

[31] William W. Korth; Alan R. Tabrum (2011). "A New Aplodontoid Rodent (Mammalia) from the Early Oligocene (Orellan) of Montana and a Suggested Origin for the Family Mylagaulidae". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 80 (1): 67–81. doi:10.2992/007.080.0107.

[32] María Guiomar Vucetich; Cecilia M. Deschamps; Cecilia C. Morgan; Analía M. Forasiepi (2011). "A new species of Cardiomyinae (Rodentia, Hydrochoeridae) from western Argentina. Its age and considerations on ontogeny and diversity of the subfamily". Ameghiniana. 48 (4): 556–567. doi:10.5710/amgh.v48i4(459).

[34] Jon A. Baskin (2011). "A new species of Cernictis (Mammalia, Carnivora, Mustelidae) from the Late Miocene Bidahochi Formation of Arizona, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.26A.

[Chacomylus-35] Thomas E. Williamson; Anne Weil (2011). "A new early Paleocene (Puercan) hyopsodontid "condylarth" from New Mexico" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (2): 247–255. doi:10.4202/app.2009.0147.

[PlioceneWoollyRhino-36] Deng, T.; Wang, X.; Fortelius, M.; Li, Q.; Wang, Y.; Tseng, Z.J.; Takeuchi, G.T.; Saylor, J.E.; Säilä, L.K.; Xie, G. (2011). "Out of Tibet: Pliocene Woolly Rhino Suggests High-Plateau Origin of Ice Age Megaherbivores". Science. 333 (6047): 1285–1288. Bibcode:2011Sci...333.1285D. doi:10.1126/science.1206594. PMID 21885780. S2CID 8913866.

[Comahuetherium-38] Alejandro Kramarz; Mariano Bond (2011). "A new early Miocene astrapotheriid (Mammalia, Astrapotheria) from Northern Patagonia, Argentina". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen. 260 (3): 277–287. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2011/0132.

[39] Bernard Sigé (2011). "Cryptobune nov. gen., chiroptère carnivore des phosphorites du Quercy, SW France". Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse. 147: 47–54.

[Cynthiacetus_peruvianus-40] Martínez-Cáceres, M.; Muizon, C. de (2011). "A new basilosaurid (Cetacea, Pelagiceti) from the Late Eocene to Early Oligocene Otuma Formation of Peru". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 10 (7): 517–526. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2011.03.006.

[temnocyonines-41] Robert M. Hunt Jr. (2011). "Evolution of large carnivores during the mid-Cenozoic of North America : the temnocyonine radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae)". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 358: 1–153. doi:10.1206/358.1. hdl:2246/6139.

[42] Olivier Maridet; Wen-Yu Wu; Jie Ye; Shun-Dong Bi; Xi-Jun Ni; Jin Meng (2011). "Earliest occurrence of Democricetodon in China, in the Early Miocene of the Junggar Basin (Xinjiang), and comparison with the genus Spanocricetodon". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (4): 393–405. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.04.003.

[43] Matthew C. Mihlbachler (2011). "A new uintan horned brontothere from Wyoming and the evolution of canine size and sexual dimorphism in the Brontotheriidae (Perissodactyla: Mammalia)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (1): 202–214. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.539653.

[44] Denis Geraads; Zeresenay Alemseged; René Bobe; Denné Reed (2011). "Enhydriodon dikikae, sp. nov. (Carnivora: Mammalia), a gigantic otter from the Pliocene of Dikika, Lower Awash, Ethiopia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 447–453. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550356.

[45] William A. Clemens (2011). "Eoconodon ("Triisodontidae," Mammalia) from the Early Paleocene (Puercan) of northeastern Montana, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.22A.

[46] Véra Eisenmann; Vasiliev Sergej (2011). "Unexpected finding of a new Equus species (Mammalia, Perissodactyla) belonging to a supposedly extinct subgenus in late Pleistocene deposits of Khakassia (Southwestern Siberia)". Geodiversitas. 33 (3): 519–530. doi:10.5252/g2011n3a5.

[47] Jun-Xia Yuan; Xin-Dong Hou; Axel Barlow; Michaela Preick; Ulrike H. Taron; Federica Alberti; Nikolas Basler; Tao Deng; Xu-Long Lai; Michael Hofreiter; Gui-Lian Sheng (2019). "Molecular identification of late and terminal Pleistocene Equus ovodovi from northeastern China". PLOS ONE. 14 (5): e0216883. Bibcode:2019PLoSO..1416883Y. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216883. PMC 6522033. PMID 31095634.

[48] William W. Korth (2011). "Review of the Species of Eumys Leidy, 1856 (Rodentia, Cricetidae) from the Oligocene (Orellan to Arikareean) of North America". Annals of Carnegie Museum. 79 (2): 79–90. doi:10.2992/007.079.0201.

[49] Li-Hua Wang; Zhao-Qun Zhang; J. Morales (2011). "A new species of Euprox (Cervidae, Mammalia) from the Middle Miocene of Damiao, Nei Mongol, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (4): 365–376. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.04.001.

[50] Sevket Sen; Margarita A. Erbajeva (2011). "A new species of Gobicricetodon Qiu, 1996 (Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae) from the Middle Miocene Aya Cave, Lake Baikal". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (3): 257–274. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.03.002.

[Griphotherion-51] López, D.A.G. & Powell, J.E. (2011). "Griphotherion peiranoi, gen. et sp. nov., a new Eocene Notoungulata (Mammalia, Meridiungulata) from northwestern Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (5): 1117–1130. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.599464.

[Hiskatherium-52] Pujos, F.; Iuliis, G. de.; Quispe, B.M. (2011). "Hiskatherium saintandrei, gen. et sp. nov.: an unusual sloth from the Santacrucian of Quebrada Honda (Bolivia) and an overview of middle Miocene, small megatherioids". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (3): 1131–1149. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.599463.

[53] Ascanio D. Rincón; Francisco J. Prevosti & Gilberto E. Parra (2011). "New saber-toothed cat records (Felidae: Machairodontinae) for the Pleistocene of Venezuela, and the Great American Biotic Interchange". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 468–478. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550366.

[Nishiokaetal2011-54] Yuichiro Nishioka; Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein; Naoko Egi; Takehisa Tsubamoto; Takeshi Nishimura; Tsuyoshi Ito; Thaung-Htike; Masanaru Takai (2011). "New Hystrix (Mammalia, Rodentia) from the late Miocene/early Pliocene of Myanmar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (4): 919–924. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.580809.

[HornedToadPE-56] Steven R. May; Michael O. Woodburne; Everett H. Lindsay; L. Barry Albright; Andrei Sarna-Wojcicki; Elmira Wan; David B. Wahl (2011). "Geology and mammalian paleontology of the Horned Toad Hills, Mojave Desert, California, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.28A.

[57] Ascanio D. Rincón; Nicholas J. Czaplewski; Marisol Montellano-Ballesteros; Mouloud Benammi (2016). "New species of Postcopemys (Cricetidae: Rodentia) from the early Pliocene of Lago de Chapala, Jalisco, Mexico". The Southwestern Naturalist. 61 (2): 108–118. doi:10.1894/15-00082R2.1.

[58] Zhe-Xi Luo; Chong-Xi Yuan; Qing-Jin Meng & Qiang Ji (25 August 2011). "A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials and placentals". Nature. 476 (7361): 442–445. Bibcode:2011Natur.476..442L. doi:10.1038/nature10291. PMID 21866158. Electronic supplementary material

[cricetids-60] Olivier Maridet; Wen-Yu Wu; Jie Ye; Shun-Dong Bi; Xi-Jun Ni & Jin Meng (2011). "Early Miocene cricetids (Rodentia) from the Junggar basin (Xinjiang, China) and their biochronological implications". Geobios. 44 (5): 445–459. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2010.09.004.

[61] J.-J. Jaeger; A. N. Soe; O. Chavasseau; P. Coster; E.-G. Emonet; F. Guy; R. Lebrun; A. A. Maung; H. Shwe; S. T. Tun; K. L. Oo; M. Rugbumrung; H. Bocherens; M. Benammi; K. Chaivanich; P. Tafforeau; Y. Chaimanee (2011). "First Hominoid from the Late Miocene of the Irrawaddy Formation (Myanmar)". PLOS ONE. 6 (4): 1–14. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...6E7065J. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017065. PMC 3080362. PMID 21533131.

[Kuntinaru-63] Guillaume Billet; Lionel Hautier; Christian de Muizon; Xavier Valentin (2011). "Oldest cingulate skulls provide congruence between morphological and molecular scenarios of armadillo evolution". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 278 (1719): 2791–2797. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2443. PMC 3145180. PMID 21288952.

[65] Laurent Marivaux; Mohammed Adaci; Mustapha Bensalah; Helder Gomes Rodrigues; Lionel Hautier; M'hammed Mahboubi; Fateh Mebrouk; Rodolphe Tabuce & Monique Vianey-Liaud (2011). "Zegdoumyidae (Rodentia, Mammalia), stem anomaluroid rodents from the Early to Middle Eocene of Algeria (Gour Lazib, Western Sahara): new dental evidence". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 9 (4): 563–588. doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.562555. S2CID 55989532.

[Lycophocyon-66] Susumu Tomiya (2011). "A new basal caniform (Mammalia: Carnivora) from the Middle Eocene of North America and remarks on the phylogeny of early carnivorans". PLoS ONE. 6 (9): e24146. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...624146T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024146. PMC 3173397. PMID 21935380.

[67] P. Montoya; J. Morales; J. Abella (2011). "Musteloidea (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene of Venta del Moro (Valencia, Spain)". Estudios Geológicos. 67 (2): 193–206. doi:10.3989/egeol.40576.183.

[68] Yukimitsu Tomida (2011). "A new species of the genus Megapeomys (Mammalia, Rodentia, Eomyidae) from the Early Miocene of Japan". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.25A.

[Mescalerolemur-69] E. Christopher Kirk; Blythe A. Williams (2011). "New adapiform primate of Old World affinities from the Devil's Graveyard Formation of Texas" (PDF). Journal of Human Evolution. 61 (2): 156–168. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.02.014. PMID 21571354. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-04. Retrieved 2015-04-16.

[70] Luke T. Holbrook; Joshua Lapergola (2011). "A new genus of perissodactyl (Mammalia) from the Bridgerian of Wyoming, with comments on basal perissodactyl phylogeny". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (4): 895–901. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.579669.

[JMEcaviomorphs-71] Darin A. Croft; Jennifer M. H. Chick & Federico Anaya (2011). "New Middle Miocene Caviomorph Rodents from Quebrada Honda, Bolivia". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 18 (4): 245–268. doi:10.1007/s10914-011-9164-z.

[72] María Encarnación Pérez & María Guiomar Vucetich (2011). "A New Extinct Genus of Cavioidea (Rodentia, Hystricognathi) from the Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina) and the Evolution of Cavioid Mandibular Morphology". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 18 (3): 163–183. doi:10.1007/s10914-011-9154-1.

[73] Robert A. Martin; Pablo Peláez-Campomanes; James G. Honey (2011). "Preliminary study of rodents from the Golliher B Assemblage of Meade County, Kansas, USA indicates an intense cold period near the end of the Pleistocene". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.35A.

[74] Yuan-Qing Wang; Jin Meng; Xun Jin; K. Christopher Beard; Bin Bai; Ping Li; Xi-Jun Ni; Qian Li; Daniel L. Gebo (2011). "Early Eocene perissodactyls (Mammalia) from the upper Nomogen Formation of the Erlian Basin, Nei Mongol, China". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (1): 123–140. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.01.007.

[DeIuliis11-75] Gerardo De Iuliis; Timothy J. Gaudin; Matthew J. Vicars (2011). "A new genus and species of nothrotheriid sloth (Xenarthra, Tardigrada, Nothrotheriidae) from the Late Miocene (Huayquerian) of Peru". Palaeontology. 54 (1): 171–205. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.01001.x. S2CID 55321577.

[Mondegodon-76] Rodolphe Tabuce; Julien Clavel; Miguel Telles Antunes (2011). "A structural intermediate between triisodontids and mesonychians (Mammalia, Acreodi) from the earliest Eocene of Portugal". Naturwissenschaften. 98 (2): 145–155. Bibcode:2011NW.....98..145T. doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0747-y. PMID 21181109.

[77] Takehisa Tsubamoto; Zin-Maung-Maung-Thein; Naoko Egi; Takeshi Nishimura; Thaung-Htike; Masanaru Takai (2011). "A new anthracotheriid artiodactyl from the Eocene Pondaung Formation of Myanmar". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (1): 85–113. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.01.005.

[78] Zhao-Qun Zhang; Li-Hua Wang; Yan Liu; Li-Ping Liu (2011). "A new species of Late Miocene hamster (Cricetidae, Rodentia) from Damiao, Nei Mongol". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 49 (2): 201–209. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2011.02.006.

[PanacaFmcricetids-79] Yun Mou (2011). "Cricetid rodents from the Pliocene Panaca Formation, southeastern Nevada, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.31A.

[Nuralagus-80] Josep Quintana; Meike Köhler; Salvador Moyà-Solà (2011). "Nuralagus rex, gen. et sp. nov., an endemic insular giant rabbit from the Neogene of Minorca (Balearic Islands, Spain)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (2): 231–240. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550367.

[basilosaurids-81] Mark D. Uhen; Nicholas D. Pyenson; Thomas J. Devries; Mario Urbina & Paul R. Renne (2011). "New Middle Eocene Whales from the Pisco Basin of Peru". Journal of Paleontology. 85 (5): 955–969. doi:10.1666/10-162.1.

[Pedetidae-83] M. Pickford; P. Mein (2011). "New Pedetidae (Rodentia: Mammalia) from the Mio-Pliocene of Africa". Estudios Geológicos. 67 (2): 455–469. doi:10.3989/egeol.40714.202.

[84] Yun Mou (2011). "Shrews, lagomorphs, and rodents (excluding Cricetidae) from the Pliocene Panace Formation, southeastern Nevada, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.32A.

[85] Robert A. Martin; Richard J. Zakrzewski (2019). "On the ancestry of woodrats". Journal of Mammalogy. 100 (5): 1564–1582. doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyz105.

[Fox2011-86] Richard C. Fox (2011). "An unusual early primate from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation, Alberta, Canada" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (1): 1–10. doi:10.4202/app.2009.0079.

[Wilburlocality-87] James E. Martin; V. Standish Mallory (2011). "Vertebrate paleontology of the late Miocene (Hemphillian) Wilbur Locality of central Washington". Paludicola. 8 (3): 155–185.

[Yerbilimleri-88] Şevket Şen & Nuran Sarica (2011). "Middle-Late Miocene Spalacidae (Mammalia) From Western Anatolia, and the Phylogeny of the Family" (PDF). Yerbilimleri. 32 (1): 21–50. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-04-16.

[89] Everett H. Lindsay; Nicholas J. Czaplewski (2011). "New rodents (Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae) from the Verde Fauna of Arizona and the Maxum Fauna of California, USA, early Blancan Land Mammal Age". Palaeontologia Electronica. 14 (3): Article Number 14.3.29A.

[90] E. L. Dmitrieva; N. V. Serdyuk (2011). "Hippotraginae (Bovidae, Artiodactyla, Mammalia) from the Late Miocene of Tuva". Paleontological Journal. 45 (6): 665–673. doi:10.1134/S0031030111060050.

[91] J. David Archibald; Yue Zhang; Tony Harper; Richard L. Cifelli (2011). "Protungulatum, confirmed Cretaceous occurrence of an otherwise Paleocene eutherian (placental?) mammal". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 18 (3): 153–161. doi:10.1007/s10914-011-9162-1.

[93] Spencer G. Lucas (2011). "Robertschochia, a new name for the Paleocene mammal Schochia Lucas and Williamson, 1993". Journal of Paleontology. 85 (6): 1216–1217. doi:10.1666/11-006.1.

[94] Daryl P. Domning; Silvia Sorbi (2011). "Rytiodus heali, sp. nov., a new sirenian (Mammalia, Dugonginae) from the Miocene of Libya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 31 (6): 1338–1355. doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.550367.

[95] Karen E. Samonds; Rebekah A. Ernat; Tsiory Andrianavalona; Daryl P. Domning (2019). "New Miocene sirenians from Nosy Makamby, northwestern Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. Online edition: e1570223. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570223.

[96] Yuri Kimura (2011). "The earliest record of birch mice from the Early Miocene Nei Mongol, China". Naturwissenschaften. 98 (1): 87–95. Bibcode:2011NW.....98...87K. doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0744-1. PMID 21113569.

[97] Elizete C. Holanda; Jorge Ferigolo; Ana Maria Ribeiro (2011). "New Tapirus species (Mammalia: Perissodactyla: Tapiridae) from the upper Pleistocene of Amazonia, Brazil". Journal of Mammalogy. 92 (1): 111–120. doi:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-144.1.

[98] Yaowalak Chaimanee; Renaud Lebrun; Chotima Yamee; Jean-Jacques Jaeger (2011). "A new Middle Miocene tarsier from Thailand and the reconstruction of its orbital morphology using a geometric–morphometric method". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 278 (1714): 1956–1963. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2062. PMC 3107645. PMID 21123264.

[99] Kaye E. Reed; Faysal Bibi (2011). "Fossil Tragelaphini (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) from the late Pliocene Hadar Formation, Afar Regional State, Ethiopia". Journal of Mammalian Evolution. 18 (1): 57–69. doi:10.1007/s10914-010-9146-6.

[Turiasorex11-100] Jan A. van Dam; Lars W. van den Hoek Ostende; Jelle W. F. Reumer (2011). "A new short-snouted shrew from the Miocene of Spain". Geobios. 44 (2–3): 299–307. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2010.11.007.

[Umayodus-101] Javier N. Gelfo; Bernard Sigé (2011). "A new didolodontid mammal from the late Paleocene–earliest Eocene of Laguna Umayo, Peru" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 56 (4): 665–678. doi:10.4202/app.2010.0067.