Albas, Aude

Dating from the late Iron Age, there is on the "Roc de Carla" a modest oppidum. Extraction of Iron Ore was being done in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC. The Romans named the place ALBARES probably because of the silver poplar leaves they found in the vicinity of the present village.

In a deed from the year 963 concerning donations from the nearby village of Fontjoncouse at Aymeric, the Archbishop of Narbonne, wrote the words VILLA ALBARES (ALBAS). In 1196, the Viscountess Ermengarde of Narbonne donated in her will the castrum or "fortified place" of ALBAS to a military order. His nephew Pierre de Lara, however, would not give any part of Albas to the Templars or the Hospitallers orders. A Commander Saint Jean is mentioned at Albas in 1243. In 1226, Guillaume de Laroque de Carcassonne sold his possessions at Albas to the Abbey of Lagrasse. In the course of the 13th century, the Count of Foix was Lord then, in 1271, Aymeric, Viscount of Narbonne became the rightful lord of the Castrum of Albaribus Ferreriarum (the Albas Iron Mines).

The church is dedicated to Saint Paul, who evangelised in Narbonne.

In 1503 Jean de Cascastel of a neighbouring village was cited as lord. In 1523, Jean of Narbonne was said to hold the lordship of Albas from the King. During this century, Rogier de Lubes, Bailiff of Albas, organized an intercommunal association to defend the interests of the people ruined by the Franco-Spanish wars. The village built of adobe was destroyed and the residents resettled in the castrum.

In 1576, the Parliament of Toulouse distributed the property of the Bellisens family and Albas went to Pons Thomas Joseph Davisard. In the 17th century, Cardinal Richelieu decided to reclaim the Roussillon and Narbonne became a stronghold at the disposal of the French. In an order dated 6 May 1642, Louis XII put Albas on the list of localities dependent on Narbonne. At the beginning of the 18th century, Albas was part of the barony of Talairan and came under the spiritual authority of the Order of Malta. This is why the current crest of Albas is a white Maltese cross on red background.

During the Revolution, the property of the Davisard family was confiscated and the Albas Iron Works became a commune. In 1830, the farming of Garouille (a dwarf oak that provided vermilion dye) and charcoal production was the main economic activity of Albas, with alfalfa and livestock (goats for milk, sheep for meat, mules for travel). The iron mining which merely collected the unrefined ore (ferrières) in the Middle Ages gave way at the beginning of the 20th century to mining on the Lacamp plateau. Iron was carried by trolleys and the small railway linking Durban-Corbières to Tuchan until 1930. The railway was abandoned in favour of the first trucks then the mines became too expensive to operate and they were abandoned in 1930. The mine shafts were closed and only a few insiders knew how to get in by entering discrete tunnels. The remains of a pink marble quarry can be seen on the road to Cascastel near the village.

Heraldry

Arms of Albas

Blazon: Gules, a cross of Malta argent bordure Or.

The Town Hall

List of Successive Mayors of Albas[4]

(Not all data is known)

Population: Winemakers, Animal husbandry, masons, retired from various countries of Europe, summer holiday families.

Two flocks of sheep have opened an alternative to wine which was the dominant activity of the 20th century.

At the end of the 19th century the village had 600 residents, a school, and three priests lived in the capélagne (Rectory). Before the vinesyards Cereals were grown and lucerne from Albas was renowned.

• Regis Barailla is a politician and a member of the Socialist party, general counsel for Aude, and a member from the second electoral district of Aude
• Alain Montlaur was born on 27 March 1950 in Albas. A Rugby player. Champion of France in rugby in 1979 with Narbonne and finalist in 1974. A Flanker (1.83 m tall and 84 kg).

• Corbières AOC
• Communes of the Aude department