Bacău County

Bacău County (Romanian pronunciation: [baˈkəw] (listen)) is a county (județ) of Romania, in Western Moldavia, with its capital city at Bacău. It has one commune, Ghimeș-Făget, in Transylvania.

Bacău County

Județul Bacău
County
Coat of arms
Location of Bacău County in Romania
Coordinates: 46.42°N 26.78°E / 46.42; 26.78
Country Romania
Development region1Nord-Est
Historic regionWestern Moldavia
Capital city (Reședință de județ)Bacău
Government
 • TypeCounty Board
 • President of the County BoardSorin Braşoveanu (PSD)
 • Prefect2Liviu Alexandru Miroseanu (PNL)
Area
 • Total6,621 km2 (2,556 sq mi)
Area rank14th in Romania
Population
 (2011 census[1])
 • Total616,168
 • Rank9th in Romania
 • Density93/km2 (240/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
Postal Code
60wxyz3
Area code(s)+40 x344
Car PlatesBC5
GDPUS$3.495 billion (2015)
GDP per capitaUS$5,672 (2015)
WebsiteCounty Board
County Prefecture
1The development regions of Romania have no administrative role and were formed in order to manage funds from the European Union.
2As of 2007, the Prefect is not a politician, but a public functionary. He (or she) is not allowed to be a member of a political party, and is banned from engaging in any political activity in the first six months after his resignation (or exclusion) from the public functionary corps.
3w, x, y, and z are digits that indicate the city, the street, part of the street, or even the building of the address
4x is a digit indicating the operator: 2 for the former national operator, Romtelecom, and 3 for the other ground telephone networks
5used on both the plates of the vehicles that operate only in the county limits (like utility vehicles, ATVs, etc.), and the ones used outside the county

Demographics

On 20 October 2011, it had a population of 616,168 and the population density was 93/km2.[1]

The ethnic breakdown was as follows:[2]

According to the 2001 census the Csángó (Romanian: Ceangăi) Hungarians number 4,373 people (0.7%). Some estimates put the total number of Csángós at around 70,000.[3]

Year County population[4]
1948 414,996
1956 507,937
1966 598,321
1977 667,791
1992 737,512
2002 706,623
2011 616,168

Geography

This county has a total area of 6,621 km2.

The West side of the county are mountains from the Eastern Carpathian group. Here, along the valleys of the Oituz River and Trotuș River there are two important links between Moldavia and Transylvania. To the East side, the heights decrease and the lowest point can be found on the Siret River valley which crosses the county from North to South in the middle. On the East side there is the Moldavian Plateau crossed by many small rivers.

Flora and fauna

Bears, wolves, foxes, wild boars, and squirrels inhibit Bacau County's mountains (particularly in its rural Slanic-Moldova region); the remnants of the local deers are preserved in Mănăstirea Cașin.[5]

Neighbours

Economy

The county of Bacău was one of the most industrialized regions in the communist period and it remained Moldavia's most important industrial center ever since. There are two large oil refineries at Onești and Dărmănești. Following the collapse of the communist regime, Bacău continued to be the region's most important GDP supplier, but the county became more famous for the controversial figures involved in local economy than for its performance.

The predominant industries in the county are:

  • The chemical and oil industry.
  • Food industry.
  • Construction materials industry.
  • Wood and paper industry.
  • Textile industry.
  • Mechanical components industry.
  • Aeronautics industry.

In Bacău county there are important reserves of oil and salt. Also coal is exploited.

Tourism

The main tourist destinations in the county are:

Politics

The Bacău County Council, elected at the 2016 local government elections, is made up of 37 counselors, with the following party composition:[6]

    Party Seats Current County Council
  Social Democratic Party 17                                  
  National Liberal Party 11                                  
  Alliance of Liberals and Democrats 5                                  
  Romanian Social Party 3                                  
  Independent 1                                  

People

Administrative divisions
The coat of arms used until 3 March 2008[7]
Bacău
Onești

Bacău County has 3 municipalities, 5 towns and 85 communes

Politics

Bacău became famous after electing Ilie Ilașcu of the Greater Romania Party as their Senator, while he was held in prison in Transnistria.

Historical county
Județul Bacău
County (Județ)
The building of the Bacău Prefecture in the interwar period.
Coat of arms
Country Romania
Historic regionMoldavia
Capital city (Reședință de județ)Bacău
Area
 • Total4,410 km2 (1,700 sq mi)
Population
 (1930)
 • Total260,781
 • Density59/km2 (150/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

Between the world wars, Bacău County had a different territorial extent. The county was located in the east central part of Greater Romania, in the center of Moldavia. Its territory included the central part of the current Bacău County. It bordered on the west with the counties of Trei Scaune and Ciuc, in the north with Neamț and Roman, in the east with the counties of Tutova and Tecuci, and in the south with the county of Putna.

Administration

The county was originally divided into five districts (plăṣi):[8]

  1. Plasa Bistrița
  2. Plasa Muntele, headquartered in Muntele
  3. Plasa Oituz, headquartered in Oituz
  4. Plasa Siret, headquartered in Siret
  5. Plasa Tazlău, headquartered in Tazlău

Subsequently, two more districts were established:

  1. Plasa Răcăciuni, headquartered in Răcăciuni
  2. Plasa Traian, headquartered in Traian
Map of Bacău County as it existed in 1938.

Population

According to the 1930 census data, the county population was 260,781, comprising 88.6% Romanians, 5.3% Jews, 3.3% Hungarians, as well as other minorities.[9] From the religious point of view, 75.8% were Eastern Orthodox, 18.1% Roman Catholics, 5.5% Jewish, as well as other minorities.[10]

Urban population

In 1930, the county's urban population was 50,342, of which 70.1% were Romanians, 23.9% were Jews, 2.2% were Hungarians, as well as other minorities. From a religious point of view, the urban population consisted of 64.9% Eastern Orthodox, 24.4% Jewish, 9.3% Roman Catholic, as well as other minorities.

References
  1. "Population at 20 October 2011" (in Romanian). INSSE. 5 July 2013. Retrieved 9 July 2013.
  2. "COMUNICAT DE PRESĂ : 2 februarie 2012 privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populaţiei şi Locuinţelor – 2011" (PDF). Recensamantromania.ro. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  3. 1987 estimate published in: Tennant, Chris (transl.) (1994) The Hungarian minority’s situation in Ceauşescu's Romania. Boulder: Social Science Monographs. p. 33.
  4. National Institute of Statistics, "Populaţia la recensămintele din anii 1948, 1956, 1966, 1977, 1992, 2002 şi 2011" Archived 22 September 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  5. Network of small rural communities of energetic neutrality (RURENER) (Archived from the original), SLANIC MOLDOVA - RURENER Case Study, European Commission, retrieved 24 July 2019. Archived at the Wayback Machine
  6. "Mandate de CJ pe judete si competitori" (in Romanian). Biroul Electoral Central. 10 June 2016. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
  7. Bacău County Council - Heraldică
  8. Portretul României Interbelice - Județul Bacău
  9. Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 30
  10. Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 536-541
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