GABA transporter 1

GABA transporter 1 (GAT1) also known as sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A1 gene.[5][6]

SLC6A1
Identifiers
AliasesSLC6A1, GABATHG, GABATR, GAT1, MAE, GABA transporter 1, solute carrier family 6 member 1
External IDsOMIM: 137165 MGI: 95627 HomoloGene: 2290 GeneCards: SLC6A1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 3 (human)[1]
Band3p25.3Start10,992,186 bp[1]
End11,039,247 bp[1]
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

6529

232333

Ensembl

ENSG00000157103

ENSMUSG00000030310

UniProt

P30531

P31648

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003042
NM_001348250
NM_001348251
NM_001348252
NM_001348253

NM_178703

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003033
NP_001335179
NP_001335180
NP_001335181
NP_001335182

NP_848818

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 10.99 – 11.04 MbChr 6: 114.28 – 114.32 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

GAT1 is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter, which removes GABA from the synaptic cleft.[7] GABA Transporter 1 uses energy from the dissipation of a Na+ gradient, aided by the presence of a Cl− gradient, to translocate GABA across CNS neuronal membranes. The stoichiometry for GABA Transporter 1 is 2 Na+: 1 Cl−: 1 GABA.[8]

Clinical significance

Research has shown that schizophrenia patients have GABA synthesis and expression altered, leading to the conclusion that GABA Transporter-1, which adds and removes GABA from the synaptic cleft, plays a role in the development of neurological disorders such as schizophrenia.[9][10]

Interactions

SLC6A1 has been shown to interact with STX1A.[11][12][13]

See also

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000157103 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000030310 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Huang F, Shi LJ, Heng HH, Fei J, Guo LH (September 1995). "Assignment of the human GABA transporter gene (GABATHG) locus to chromosome 3p24-p25". Genomics. 29 (1): 302–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1253. PMID 8530094.
  6. "Entrez Gene: SLC6A1 solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter, GABA), member 1".
  7. Hirunsatit R, George ED, Lipska BK, Elwafi HM, Sander L, Yrigollen CM, Gelernter J, Grigorenko EL, Lappalainen J, Mane S, Nairn AC, Kleinman JE, Simen AA (January 2009). "Twenty-one-base-pair insertion polymorphism creates an enhancer element and potentiates SLC6A1 GABA transporter promoter activity". Pharmacogenetics and Genomics. 19 (1): 53–65. doi:10.1097/FPC.0b013e328318b21a. PMC 2791799. PMID 19077666.
  8. Jin XT, Galvan A, Wichmann T, Smith Y (28 July 2011). "Localization and Function of GABA Transporters GAT-1 and GAT-3 in the Basal Ganglia". Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience. 5: 63. doi:10.3389/fnsys.2011.00063. PMC 3148782. PMID 21847373.
  9. Volk D, Austin M, Pierri J, Sampson A, Lewis D (February 2001). "GABA transporter-1 mRNA in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia: decreased expression in a subset of neurons". The American Journal of Psychiatry. 158 (2): 256–65. doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.2.256. PMID 11156808.
  10. Hashimoto, T; Matsubara, T; Lewis, DA (2010). "[Schizophrenia and cortical GABA neurotransmission]". Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi = Psychiatria et Neurologia Japonica. 112 (5): 439–52. PMID 20560363.
  11. Beckman ML, Bernstein EM, Quick MW (August 1998). "Protein kinase C regulates the interaction between a GABA transporter and syntaxin 1A". The Journal of Neuroscience. 18 (16): 6103–12. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-16-06103.1998. PMC 6793212. PMID 9698305.
  12. Quick MW (April 2002). "Substrates regulate gamma-aminobutyric acid transporters in a syntaxin 1A-dependent manner". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 99 (8): 5686–91. doi:10.1073/pnas.082712899. PMC 122832. PMID 11960023.
  13. Deken SL, Beckman ML, Boos L, Quick MW (October 2000). "Transport rates of GABA transporters: regulation by the N-terminal domain and syntaxin 1A". Nature Neuroscience. 3 (10): 998–1003. doi:10.1038/79939. PMID 11017172. S2CID 11312913.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.


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