GM Family 0 engine

The Family 0 is a family of inline piston engines that was developed by Opel, at the time a subsidiary of General Motors, as a low-displacement engine for use on entry-level subcompact cars from Opel/Vauxhall.

Family 0
Family 0 engine in an Opel Adam
Overview
ManufacturerGeneral Motors
Also calledFamily Zero
Production1996–present
Layout
ConfigurationStraight-3, Straight-4
Displacement
  • 973 cc (59.4 cu in)
  • 998 cc (60.9 cu in)
  • 1,199 cc (73.2 cu in)
  • 1,229 cc (75.0 cu in)
  • 1,364 cc (83.2 cu in)
  • 1,398 cc (85.3 cu in)
Cylinder bore
  • 72.5 mm (2.85 in)
  • 73.4 mm (2.89 in)
Piston stroke
  • 72.6 mm (2.86 in)
  • 78.6 mm (3.09 in)
  • 80.6 mm (3.17 in)
  • 82.6 mm (3.25 in)
Block materialCast iron
Head materialAluminium
ValvetrainDOHC 4 valves x cyl. with VVT
Compression ratio9.5:1, 10.1:1, 10.5:1
Combustion
Fuel systemSequential MPFI
Fuel typeGasoline, E85
Oil systemWet sump
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output55–140 PS (40.5–103 kW)
Torque output82–220 N⋅m (60–162 lb⋅ft)
Chronology
Predecessor
SuccessorSmall Gasoline Engine

These engines feature a light-weight cast-iron semi-closed deck engine block with an aluminum cylinder head. The valvetrain consists of chain-driven hollowcast dual overhead camshafts (DOHC) that actuate 4-valves per cylinder via roller finger followers with hydraulic tappets. These engines also feature a 78 mm (3.1 in) bore spacing and fracture-split connecting rods.

Later versions also incorporate a variable length intake manifold (VLIM) and variable valve timing (VVT).

Originally debuting as either a 1.0 L (973 cc) straight-3 or 1.2 L (1,199 cc) straight-4; a 1.4 L (1,364 cc) I4 variant was added with the introduction of the second generation, replacing the 1.4 L Family 1 engine. Currently, the Family 0 engines are produced by Opel Wien in Vienna/Aspern (Austria), by GM in Bupyeong (Korea) and Flint (Michigan, USA).

Generation I

The engine was first introduced in 1996 Opel Corsa, either as a three-cylinder or as a four-cylinder version. This was Opel's first three-cylinder engine.

NameDisplacementConfigurationBoreStrokeCompression RatioPowerTorque
X10XE1.0 L (973 cc)I372.5 mm (2.9 in)78.6 mm (3.1 in)10.1:140.5 kW (55 PS)82 N⋅m (60 lb⋅ft) at 2800 rpm
Z10XE42.7 kW (58 PS)85 N⋅m (63 lb⋅ft)
X12XE1.2 L (1,199 cc)I472.6 mm (2.9 in)10.1:148 kW (65 PS) at 5600 rpm110 N⋅m (81 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
Z12XE55 kW (75 PS) at 5600 rpm

Applications:

Generation II

The second generation Family 0 began production in November 2002. It is an updated version of the Family 0 engine and features TwinPort technology – twin intake ports with a choke closing one of the ports at low RPM, providing strong air swirl pattern for higher torque levels and better fuel economy. The crankshaft and oil galleries were also redesigned to lower power loss; thereby increasing fuel economy.

NameDisplacementConfigurationBoreStrokeCompression RatioPowerTorque
Z10XEP1.0 L (998 cc)I373.4 mm (2.9 in)78.6 mm (3.1 in)10.5:144 kW (59 hp) at 5600 rpm88 N⋅m (65 lb⋅ft) at 3800 rpm
Z12XEP1.2 L (1,229 cc)I472.6 mm (2.9 in)59 kW (79 hp) at 5600 rpm110 N⋅m (81 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
Z14XEP1.4 L (1,364 cc)80.6 mm (3.2 in)66 kW (89 hp) at 5600 rpm125 N⋅m (92 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm

Applications:

Generation III

The EcoFlex engine is a version of the TwinPort tuned to provide better fuel economy and lower emissions. The 1.4 L engine was introduced in 2008 and the 1.0 L engine in 2010. For model year 2012, the EcoFlex engines have been updated with double cam phasing (DCVCP) in a Gen III block.

Certain Opel and US-market Chevrolet versions of the Delta II platform compact cars use a turbocharged version of the 1.4 L engine with double variable cam phasing (DCVCP); in the future, an optional gasoline direct injection system will be introduced.[1] Opel versions feature Start&Stop system from 2011 and a Gen III block; a lower-power 120 ps version has been introduced as well. For model year 2013, the overboost to 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) has been added.[2]

NameDisplacementConfigurationBoreStrokeCompression RatioPowerTorque
A10XEP (LDB)1.0 L (998 cc)I373.4 mm (2.9 in)78.6 mm (3.1 in)10.5:148 kW (64 hp) at 5300 rpm90 N⋅m (66 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
A12XEL (LWD)1.2 L (1,229 cc)I472.6 mm (2.9 in)51 kW (68 hp) at 5600 rpm115 N⋅m (85 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
A12XER (LDC)62 kW (83 hp) at 5600 rpm
A14XFL (LUU)1.4 L (1,398 cc)82.6 mm (3.3 in)63 kW (84 hp) at 4800 rpm126 N⋅m (93 lb⋅ft) at 4800 rpm
A14XEL (L2Z)64 kW (86 hp) at 6000 rpm130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft) at 4000 rpm
A14XER (LDD)74 kW (99 hp) at 6000 rpm
A14XFR (L2N)
A14NEL/B14NEL (LUH)1.4 L (1,364 cc)72.5 mm (2.85 in)9.5:188 kW (118 hp) at 4800–6000 rpm
  • 200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) at 1850–4200 rpm
  • 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) (Overboost)
A14NET (LUJ)103 kW (138 hp) at 4900–6000 rpm
  • 200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) at 1850–4900 rpm
  • 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) (Overboost)
U14NFT (LUJ)103 kW (138 hp) at 4900–6000 rpm
  • 200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) at 1850–4900 rpm
  • 220 N⋅m (162 lb⋅ft) (Overboost)
U14NFT (LUV)103 kW (138 hp) at 4900 rpm200 N⋅m (148 lb⋅ft) at 1850 or 2500 rpm
U14NFT (LUV - Vanderhall[3])134 kW (180 hp) at 4950 rpm[3]250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) at 2450 rpm[3]
Turbo engine in production

Applications:

See also

References
  1. General Motors Europe (May 2008). "A Look Into the Future of Engines and Transmissions". New 1.4 Turbo.
  2. http://media.opel.com/media/intl/en/opel/news.detail.html/content/Pages/news/intl/en/2012/opel/06_15_new-astra-family.html
  3. https://vanderhallusa.com/venice/ (d/l 10-Jul-2019)
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