International Federation of Football History & Statistics

The International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS) is an organization that chronicles the history and records of association football.[2][3][4] It was founded on 27 March 1984 in Leipzig by Alfredo Pöge with the blessings of general secretary of the FIFA at the time, Helmut Käser.[2] The IFFHS was based at Al-Muroor Street 147, Abu Dhabi for some time but, in 2010, relocated to Bonn, Germany, and then in 2014 to Zurich.[5]

International Federation of Football History & Statistics
Formation1984
HeadquartersZurich, Switzerland
Official language
English, French, Spanish, German
President
Saleh Salem Bahwini[1]
Websiteiffhs.de

During its early stages, and until 2002, the IFFHS concentrated on publishing the quarterly magazines Fußball-Weltzeitschrift, Libero spezial deutsch and Libero international.[6] When these had to be discontinued for reasons which were not officially told, the organization published its material in a series of multi-lingual books in co-operation with sponsors.[7] The statistical organization has now confined its publishing activities to its website, receiving support from FIFA,[7] organization that recognise the IFFHS and its work[4][7] although the latter has no affiliation with the football's governing body.[8]

Since 2020 a Top XI for every continental confederation is revealed, as well as the best player for every continental confederation.

Club World Ranking

Since 1991, the entity has produced a monthly Club World Ranking.

The ranking takes into consideration the results of twelve months of continental and intercontinental competitions, national league matches (including play-offs) and the most important national cup (excluding points won before the round of 16).

All countries are rated at four levels based upon the national league performance—clubs in the highest level leagues receive 4 points for each match won, 2 for a draw and 0 for a defeat. Level 2 is assigned 3 pts. (win), 1.5 (draw) and 0 (lost), and so on with the next lower levels.

In continental competitions, all clubs receive the same number of points at all stages regardless of the performance level of their leagues. However, the UEFA Champions League and the Copa Libertadores yield more points than UEFA Europa League and Copa Sudamericana, respectively. The point assignment system is still lower for the AFC, CAF, CONCACAF and OFC continental tournaments. Competitions between two continents are evaluated depending upon their importance. Competitions not organized by a continental confederation, or any intercontinental events not recognized by FIFA, are not taken into consideration.

Criteria
Criteria for national competitions:[9]
CompetitionPoints for a winPoints for a draw
National Leagues in Level 14.002.00
National Leagues in Level 23.001.50
National Leagues in Level 32.001.00
National Leagues in Level 41.000.50
Criteria for international competitions:[9]
CompetitionPoints for a winPoints for a draw
UEFA Champions League14.07.0
UEFA Europa League12.06.0
Copa Libertadores14.07.0
Copa Sudamericana12.06.0
CAF Champions League9.04.5
CAF Cup7.03.5
AFC Champions League9.04.5
AFC Cup7.03.5
CONCACAF Champions League9.04.5
OFC Champions League5.02.5
FIFA Club World Cup (semi-finals)14.07.0
FIFA Club World Cup (final)[10]21.010.5

Current ranking

Last updated: 21 January 2020[11]

Top 10
(Club World Ranking 2019)
Pos. Team Confederation Points
1 LiverpoolUEFA316.0
2 BarcelonaUEFA293.0
3 Manchester CityUEFA284.0
4 FlamengoCONMEBOL275.0
5 CelticUEFA269.0
6 ValenciaUEFA268.0
7 AjaxUEFA249.5
8 ChelseaUEFA249.0
9 Paris Saint-GermainUEFA243.0
10 Wolverhampton WanderersUEFA236.0

The World's Club Team of the Year

The following table shows the clubs that finished top of the ranking for each year since 1991:[12]

The IFFHS recognised these clubs as The World's Club Team of the Year and were awarded with a golden trophy and a certificate during the World Football Gala.[12]

The World's Club Team of the Decade

In 2012, the IFFHS recognised Barcelona as the World's Best Club Team of the Decade for the first decade of the 21st century (2001–2010).[40]

Continental Clubs of the 20th century

In 2009, the IFFHS released the results of a statistical study which determined the best continental clubs of the 20th century.[41] The ranking did not consider the performance of the teams in national football tournaments (except in the Oceania's club ranking due to limited editions held under OFC club competitions), the performance in the intercontinental or worldwide club competitions or those submitted in the IFFHS Club World Ranking, available since 1991.[42]

Based on this statistical study series, the below six clubs were named as "continental clubs of the century" by the IFFHS between 10 September and 13 October 2009. These clubs were awarded with a golden trophy and a certificate during the World Football Gala celebrated at Fulham, London, on 11 May 2010.[43][44]

Region Team
Europe Real Madrid
South America Peñarol
Africa Asante Kotoko
Asia Al-Hilal
CONCACAF Saprissa
Oceania South Melbourne

IFFHS Top 200 European clubs of the 20th century
Main article: IFFHS Top 200 European clubs of the 20th century

IFFHS Strongest National League in the World

Men's league
Year League Full ranking
1991 Italy
1992 Italy
1993 Italy
1994 Italy
1995 Italy
1996 Italy
1997 Germany
1998 Italy
1999 Italy
2000 Spain
2001 Spain
2002 Spain
2003 Italy
2004 Spain
2005 England
2006 Italy
2007 England
2008 England
2009 England
2010 Spain
2001–2010EnglandLink
2011 Spain
2012 Spain
2013 SpainLink
2014 SpainLink
2015 SpainLink
2016 Spain[45]Link
2017 Spain[46]Link
2018 SpainLink
2019 England[47]Link
2020 Italy

Women's league
Year League Full ranking
2020 England[49]

IFFHS World's Best Club Coach
Main article: IFFHS World's Best Club Coach

IFFHS World's Best National Coach
Main article: IFFHS World's Best National Coach

IFFHS World's Best Man Goalkeeper
Main article: IFFHS World's Best Goalkeeper

IFFHS World's Best Top Goal Scorer
Year Player(s) Club(s)
2020 Robert Lewandowski[50] Bayern Munich

IFFHS World's Best Top Division Goal Scorer
Lionel Messi has won a record eleven IFFHS awards, more than any other player in history. He is also the only player in history to win a IFFHS award in four different categories: World's Best International Top Goalscorer, World's Best Top Division Goalscorer, World's Best Playmaker and Conmebol's Best Man Player.[51]

This award is given to the player who scores the most goals in a league season in any of the top 60 leagues in the world (as ranked by IFFHS for that given year).

Year Player(s) Club(s)
1997 Hakan Şükür Galatasaray
1998 Iván Kaviedes Emelec
1999 Mário Jardel Porto
2000 Mário Jardel Porto
2001 José Alfredo Castillo Oriente Petrolero
2002 Joaquín Botero Club Bolívar
2003 José Cardozo Toluca
2004 Patricio Galaz Cobreloa
2005 Araújo Gamba Osaka
2006 Klaas-Jan Huntelaar Ajax
2007 Trésor Mputu Mazembe
2008 Lucas Barrios Colo-Colo
2009 Marc Janko Red Bull Salzburg
2010 Luis Suárez Ajax
2011 Aleksandrs Čekulajevs Narva Trans
2012 Lionel Messi Barcelona
2013 Lionel Messi Barcelona
2014 Cristiano Ronaldo
Luis Suárez		 Real Madrid
Liverpool
2015 Cristiano Ronaldo Real Madrid
2016 Luis Suárez Barcelona
2017 Lionel Messi[52] Barcelona
2018 Lionel Messi
Jonas[53]		 Barcelona
Benfica
2019 Baghdad Bounedjah[54] Al Sadd
2020 Cristiano Ronaldo[55] Juventus

IFFHS World's Best International Goal Scorer
Main article: IFFHS World's Best International Goal Scorer

IFFHS World's Most Effective Top Division Goal Scorer of the Year
Year Player Club(s)
1997 Hakan Şükür Galatasaray
1998 Masashi Nakayama Júbilo Iwata
1999 Mário Jardel Porto
2000 Hamzah Idris Al Ittihad
2001 Romário Vasco da Gama
2002 Mário Jardel Sporting CP
2003 José Cardozo Toluca
2004 Shuhrat Mirkholdirshoev Navbahor Namangan

IFFHS World's Best Man Playmaker
Spanish playmaker Xavi has won the joint most awards (alongside Lionel Messi), with a record four consecutive wins between 2008 and 2011.
Argentine attacking midfielder Lionel Messi is the joint record winner (alongside Xavi) of this award with four wins overall.

The IFFHS World's Best Playmaker is a footballing award which, since 2006, is given annually to the best playmaker of the year, as chosen by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS).[48]

France's Zinedine Zidane was the first ever winner of the award, in 2006.

The award is awarded at the end of the year at the World Football Gala: the winning playmaker is awarded a gold trophy. Argentina's Lionel Messi and Spain's Xavi have won the award a record four times each (Xavi four consecutive times), and Spanish compatriot Andrés Iniesta has won the award two times. Barcelona is the club with the most wins, with ten in total.

Year Player Club(s)
2006 Zinedine Zidane Real Madrid
2007 Kaká Milan
2008 Xavi Barcelona
2009 Xavi Barcelona
2010 Xavi Barcelona
2011 Xavi Barcelona
2012 Andrés Iniesta Barcelona
2013 Andrés Iniesta Barcelona
2014 Toni Kroos Bayern Munich
Real Madrid
2015 Lionel Messi Barcelona
2016 Lionel Messi Barcelona
2017 Lionel Messi Barcelona
2018 Luka Modrić Real Madrid
2019 Lionel Messi[57] Barcelona
2020 Kevin De Bruyne[58] Manchester City

IFFHS World's Best Man Player

From 1991 until 2009, FIFA continued this distinction named "FIFA World Player of the Year"; this award was later replaced by the FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2010, and The Best FIFA Men's Player in 2016.

Year Player Club(s)
1988 Marco van Basten Milan
1989 Marco van Basten Milan
1990 Lothar Matthäus Inter Milan
2020 Robert Lewandowski[59] Bayern Munich

IFFHS Asian Footballer of the Year
Main article: Asian Footballer of the Year

IFFHS Men's World Team

In 2017, IFFHS started to nominate a world team of the year.[60]

Year Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2017[60] Gianluigi Buffon (Juventus) Marcelo (Real Madrid)
Sergio Ramos (Real Madrid)
Leonardo Bonucci (Juventus/Milan)
Dani Alves (Juventus/Paris Saint-Germain)		 Luka Modrić (Real Madrid)
Toni Kroos (Real Madrid)
Kevin De Bruyne (Manchester City)		 Neymar (Barcelona/Paris Saint-Germain)
Cristiano Ronaldo (Real Madrid)
Lionel Messi (Barcelona)

Coach: Zinedine Zidane (Real Madrid)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2018[61] Thibaut Courtois (Chelsea/Real Madrid) Marcelo (Real Madrid)
Sergio Ramos (Real Madrid)
Raphaël Varane (Real Madrid)
Diego Godín (Atlético Madrid)		 Luka Modrić (Real Madrid)
Eden Hazard (Chelsea)
Antoine Griezmann (Atlético Madrid)		 Kylian Mbappé (Paris Saint-Germain)
Cristiano Ronaldo (Real Madrid/Juventus)
Lionel Messi (Barcelona)

Coach: Didier Deschamps (France)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2019[62] Alisson (Liverpool) Matthijs de Ligt (Ajax/Juventus)
Sergio Ramos (Real Madrid)
Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)
Trent Alexander-Arnold (Liverpool)		 Kevin De Bruyne (Manchester City)
Frenkie de Jong (Ajax/Barcelona)
Bernardo Silva (Manchester City)		 Sadio Mané (Liverpool)
Cristiano Ronaldo (Juventus)
Lionel Messi (Barcelona)

Coach: Jürgen Klopp (Liverpool)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2020[63] Manuel Neuer (Bayern Munich) Trent Alexander-Arnold (Liverpool)
Sergio Ramos (Real Madrid)
Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool)
Alphonso Davies (Bayern Munich)		 Joshua Kimmich (Bayern Munich)
Thiago (Bayern Munich/Liverpool)
Kevin De Bruyne (Manchester City)		 Cristiano Ronaldo (Juventus)
Robert Lewandowski (Bayern Munich)
Lionel Messi (Barcelona)

IFFHS World's Best Man Referee
Year Referee
1987 Romualdo Filho
1988 Michel Vautrot
1989 Michel Vautrot
1990 José Roberto Wright
1991 Peter Mikkelsen
1992 Aron Schmidhuber
1993 Peter Mikkelsen
1994 Sándor Puhl
1995 Sándor Puhl
1996 Sándor Puhl
1997 Sándor Puhl
1998 Pierluigi Collina
1999 Pierluigi Collina
2000 Pierluigi Collina
2001 Pierluigi Collina
2002 Pierluigi Collina
2003 Pierluigi Collina
2004 Markus Merk
2005 Markus Merk
2006 Horacio Elizondo
2007 Markus Merk
2008 Roberto Rosetti
2009 Massimo Busacca
2010 Howard Webb
2011 Viktor Kassai
2012 Pedro Proença
2013 Howard Webb
2014 Nicola Rizzoli
2015 Nicola Rizzoli
2016 Mark Clattenburg
2017 Felix Brych[64]
2018 Néstor Pitana
2019 Damir Skomina[65]
2020 Daniele Orsato[66]

IFFHS Player of the Century
Main article: FIFA Player of the Century § IFFHS

IFFHS Best European Player 1956–1990

On 24 April 1990, before the 1990 FIFA World Cup, IFFHS gave out an award for the best European player taking into consideration players who were voted in the shortlist of the France Football's Ballon D'Or from 1956 until 1989.[67]

Player Nationality
1 Franz Beckenbauer  West Germany
2 Michel Platini  France
3 Johan Cruyff  Netherlands
4 Eusébio  Portugal
5 Gerd Müller  West Germany
6 Karl-Heinz Rummenigge  West Germany
7 Luis Suárez  Spain
8 Bobby Charlton  England
9 Alfredo Di Stéfano  Spain
10 Raymond Kopa  France
11 Lev Yashin  Soviet Union
- Gianni Rivera  Italy
- Kevin Keegan  England
14 John Charles  Wales
15 Marco van Basten  Netherlands
16 Ferenc Puskás  Hungary
- Bernd Schuster  West Germany
- George Best  Northern Ireland
19 Ruud Gullit  Netherlands
20 Preben Elkjær  Denmark

IFFHS World's Best Woman Playmaker
Brazil's Marta was the first ever winner of the award, in 2012.
Year Player Club(s)
2012 Marta Tyresö FF
2013 Lena Goeßling VfL Wolfsburg
2014 Nadine Keßler VfL Wolfsburg
2015 Carli Lloyd Houston Dash
2016 Dzsenifer Marozsán[68] Lyon
2017 Lieke Martens[69] FC Rosengård
Barcelona
2018 Dzsenifer Marozsán Lyon
2019 Megan Rapinoe[70] Reign FC
2020 Dzsenifer Marozsán[71] Lyon

IFFHS World's Best Woman Goalkeeper
United States goalkeeper Hope Solo is tied with Sarah Bouhhadi (4), with a record four consecutive wins between 2012 and 2015.
Year Player(s) Club(s)
2012 Hope Solo Seattle Sounders
2013 Hope Solo Seattle Reign
2014 Hope Solo
Almuth Schult		 Seattle Reign
VfL Wolfsburg
2015 Hope Solo Seattle Reign
2016 Sarah Bouhaddi Lyon
2017 Sarah Bouhaddi[72] Lyon
2018 Sarah Bouhaddi Lyon
2019 Sari van Veenendaal[73] Arsenal
Atlético Madrid
2020 Sarah Bouhaddi[74] Lyon

IFFHS World's Best Woman Club
Year Club
2012 Lyon
2013 VfL Wolfsburg
2014 VfL Wolfsburg
2015 Lyon
2016 Lyon
2017 Lyon[75]
2018 Lyon
2019 Lyon[76]
2020 Lyon[77]

IFFHS World's Best Woman Player
Year Player Club(s)
2020 Pernille Harder VfL Wolfsburg
Chelsea

IFFHS Women's World Team

In 2017, IFFHS started to nominate a world team of the year.[78]

Year Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2017[78] Sarah Bouhaddi (Lyon) Anouk Dekker (Montpellier)
Wendie Renard (Lyon)
Steph Houghton (Manchester City)
Lucy Bronze (Lyon)		 Dzsenifer Marozsán (Lyon)
Carli Lloyd (Houston Dash)
Pernille Harder (VfL Wolfsburg)		 Lieke Martens (Barcelona)
Alex Morgan (Orlando Pride)
Sam Kerr (Sky Blue FC)

Coach: Sarina Wiegman (Netherlands)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2018[79] Sarah Bouhaddi (Lyon) Amel Majri (Lyon)
Wendie Renard (Lyon)
Saki Kumagai (Lyon)
Lucy Bronze (Lyon)		 Dzsenifer Marozsán (Lyon)
Amandine Henry (Lyon)
Marta (Orlando Pride)		 Alex Morgan (Orlando Pride)
Ada Hegerberg (Lyon)
Pernille Harder (VfL Wolfsburg)

Coach: Reynald Pedros (Lyon)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2019[80] Sari van Veenendaal (Arsenal/Atlético Madrid) Crystal Dunn (North Carolina Courage)
Wendie Renard (Lyon)
Julie Ertz (Chicago Red Stars)
Lucy Bronze (Lyon)		 Dzsenifer Marozsán (Lyon)
Amandine Henry (Lyon)
Rose Lavelle (Washington Spirit)		 Alex Morgan (Orlando Pride)
Ada Hegerberg (Lyon)
Megan Rapinoe (Reign FC)

Coach: Jill Ellis (United States)

Season Goalkeeper Defenders Midfielders Forwards
2020[81] Sarah Bouhaddi (Lyon) Lucy Bronze (Lyon/Manchester City)
Wendie Renard (Lyon)
Lena Goeßling (VfL Wolfsburg)
Sakina Karchaoui (Montpellier/Lyon)		 Saki Kumagai (Lyon)
Alexandra Popp (VfL Wolfsburg)
Dzsenifer Marozsán (Lyon)		 Delphine Cascarino (Lyon)
Vivianne Miedema (Arsenal)
Pernille Harder (VfL Wolfsburg/Chelsea)

IFFHS World's Best Woman Referee
Year Referee
2012 Jenny Palmqvist
2013 Bibiana Steinhaus
2014 Bibiana Steinhaus
2015 Kateryna Monzul
2016 Katalin Kulcsar
2017 Bibiana Steinhaus[82]
2018 Bibiana Steinhaus
2019 Stéphanie Frappart[83]
2020 Stéphanie Frappart[84]

IFFHS Female Player of the Century

IFFHS gave out an award decided by votes which was conducted with the participation of journalists and former players (no further details given).[85]

Player Nationality Votes
1 Mia Hamm  United States 442
2 Michelle Akers  United States 411
3 Heidi Mohr  Germany 250
4 Carolina Morace  Italy 230
5 Sissi  Brazil 212
6 Linda Medalen  Norway 181
7 Liu Ailing  China PR 165
8 Kristine Lilly  United States 160
9 Heidi Støre  Norway 141
10 Pia Sundhage  Sweden 129

Criticism

Karl Lennartz, a sports historian and professor at the University of Cologne, Germany, called the organization "obscure", describing it as a one-man show of its founder Alfredo Pöge.[86]

The IFFHS rankings and their significance have been a matter of criticism and the largest German news agency, Deutsche Presse-Agentur, refuse to publish them.[87] Furthermore, it has been stated that the rankings of the IFFHS are not official and it’s an award they barely serve merely for publicity.[86]

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