List of solar eclipses in the Middle Ages

This is a list of selected solar eclipses in the Middle Ages, in particular those with historical significance.

Lists of solar eclipses
Geometry of a total solar eclipse
(not to scale)
Solar eclipses in antiquity
Solar eclipses in the Middle Ages
Modern history
Solar eclipses in the future
Eclipses seen from
See also Lists of lunar eclipses

Historically significant solar eclipses
Date of
eclipse		 Time (UTC) Type Central Duration Eclipse Path Notes
StartMidEnd
November 30, 810 -12:02- total 01m08s Sweden Believed to be one of multiple signs leading to an inscription on the Rök runestone which speculated a climate crisis of extreme winter.[1]
May 1, 1185 -13:18- total 05m10s Central America, Northern Europe, Eastern Europe, and Kazakhstan Mentioned by Kievan Rus' in his epic poem about Igor Svyatoslavich's army campaign against the Polovtsians.[2] Also recorded in the Laurentian Codex; the description there is the first record of solar prominences.[3]
April 21, 1186 -05:32- partial Bulgaria, Hungary This eclipse allowed the Byzantines, led by Isaac II Angelos, to make a counteroffensive against rebels attacking Thrace.[4]

Statistics

Longest total eclipses

Below is a list of all total eclipses longer than 7 minutes that occurred between the 5th and 15th centuries.

Date of eclipse Central Duration Reference
23 May 681 07m10s [5]
3 June 699 07m17s [5]
13 June 717 07m15s [6]
25 June 735 07m02s [6]
29 May 1044 07m12s [7]
9 June 1062 07m20s [7]
20 June 1080 07m18s [7]
1 July 1098 07m05s [7]


Solar eclipses by century
Century No. Eclipse type Longest eclipse[lower-alpha 1] Two-eclipse months[lower-alpha 2] Ref.
Partial (P) Annular (A) Total (T) Hybrid (H) Length Date
5th233808467210m43s12 November 486 August 463[8]
6th251938765610m41s22 November 504 August 528, July 539, May 542[9]
7th251909067410m31s17 December 689 April 618, March 629[5]
8th233778866210m35s18 December 716 [6]
9th222787464608m35s21 December 884 August 463[10]
10th227768466110m14s1 November 989 [11]
11th241849061611m29s14 December 1061 May 1063[7]
12th2509282611510m27s16 January 1116 March 1150[12]
13th2468781601811m44s29 December 1274 March 1215[13]
14th2297675542411m18s20 January 1311 August 463[14]
15th2227765611909m31s1 December 1415 [15]
  1. All eclipses listed are annular. See § Longest total eclipses above for longest total eclipses
  2. Months listed in this column had two eclipses occur during that time period

References
  1. Holmberg, Per; Gräslund, Bo; Sundqvist, Olof; Williams, Henrik (2020). "The Rök Runestone and the End of the World" (PDF). Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies. 9–10: 7–38. doi:10.33063/diva-401040.
  2. Sviatoslav Hordynsky; Marko Robert Stech (2004). "Slovo o polku Ihorevi". Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  3. "1185: The first description of solar prominences" (PDF). History of Solar Physics: A Time Line of Great Moments. 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 2, 2015. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
  5. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0601 to 0700". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  6. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0701 to 0800". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  7. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1001 to 1100". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  8. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0401 to 0500". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  9. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0501 to 0600". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  10. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0801 to 0900". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  11. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 0901 to 1000". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  12. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1101 to 1200". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  13. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1201 to 1300". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  14. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1301 to 1400". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
  15. "Catalog of Solar Eclipses: 1401 to 1500". NASA. Archived from the original on March 22, 2019. Retrieved December 15, 2019.
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