Matabeleland South Province
Matabeleland South is a province in southwestern Zimbabwe. With a population of 683,893 as of the 2012 census, it is the country's least populous province. After Matabeleland North, it is Zimbabwe's second-least densely populated province. Matabeleland South was established in 1974, when the original Matabeleland Province was divided into two provinces, the other being Matabeleland North. The province is divided into six districts. Gwanda is the capital, and the Beitbridge is the province's largest town. The name "Matabeleland" is derived from Ndebele, the province's largest ethnic group.
Matabeleland South | |
|---|---|
 Location of Matabeleland South in Zimbabwe | |
| Country | Zimbabwe |
| Established | 1974 |
| Capital | Gwanda |
| Area | |
| • Total | 54,172 km2 (20,916 sq mi) |
| Population (2012 census) | |
| • Total | 683,893 |
| • Density | 13/km2 (33/sq mi) |
| HDI (2018) | 0.537[1] low · 6th |
Matabeleland South is bordered by Bulawayo and Matabeleland North to the north, Midlands to the northeast, Masvingo to the southeast, South Africa to the south, and Botswana to the west. It has an area of 54,172 square kilometres (20,916 sq mi), equal to 13.86% of the total area of Zimbabwe. It is the fourth-largest in area of the country's ten provinces. Matabeleland South sits on the edge of the Kalahari Desert, giving it an arid climate not hospitable to agriculture.
Economy
Its economy is largely centered around subsistence farming and livestock farming. Droughts and a lack of economic opportunities have resulted in widespread poverty and migration out of the province.
Transport
The province has an important geographical location which can link Botswana to Malawi or South Africa to south Zambia through Bulawayo, but due to lack of investment, the old transport hub of the late 20th century lost its familiarity and use with these two countries.
Geography
The province sits on the edge of the Kalahari desert, hence it is arid and very dry. The province shares borders with South Africa and Botswana. As a result, there are Tswana, Sotho/Pedi, Venda, Shangani (Tsonga) and the Khoisan speaking people in the province. The other languages that are native in the province are Ndebele and Khalanga.
Places adjacent to Matabeleland South Province | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||
Towns and villages
Towns and villages in Matabeleland South include Antelope Mine, Beitbridge, Brunapeg, Colleen Bawn, Esigodini, Filabusi, Gwai, Gwanda, Kafusi, Kezi, Madlambudzi, Makhado, Maphisa, Masendu, Ndolwane, Plumtree, Shangani, Stanmore, Tshitshi, Bulu, West Nicholson, and Zezani.
Government and politics
Provincial government
Matabeleland South is overseen by the Minister of State for Matabeleland South Province, a de facto governor who oversees provincial affairs and sits in the House of Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. The governor is appointed by the President of Zimbabwe and is not appointed to a set term. Historically, the governor held the title Governor of Matabeleland South, but the office has since been renamed to align with the 2013 Constitution of Zimbabwe, which does not allow for provincial governors.
The current Minister of State for Matabeleland South Province is Abednico Ncube, a ZANU–PF member who was appointed by President Emmerson Mnangagwa in December 2017.
Districts
Matabeleland South Province is divided into seven districts: Beitbridge, Bulilima, Gwanda, Insiza, Mangwe, Matobo, and Umzingwane.
National politics
| Year | ZANU–PF | MDC / MDC–T |
|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 49.40% 107,008 | 41.69% 90,292 |
| 2013 | 51.88% 81,180 | 37.47% 58,633 |
| 2008 | 37.92% 46,155 | 28.66% 34,885 |
| 2002 | 43.68% 73,369 | 50.20% 84,322 |
| 1996 | - | - |
| 1990 | - | - |
| Sources:[2][3][4][5] | ||
Like each of Zimbabwe's ten provinces, Matabeleland South Province is represented in the Senate by six senators, three of whom must be women.[6] Senators are not directly elected by voters, but are instead selected by party lists via a proportional representation system.[6] The province's current senators since the 2018 elections are Themba Mathuthu (ZANU–PF), Alma Mkwebu (ZANU–PF), Tambudzani Mohadi (ZANU–PF), Simon Khaya-Moyo (ZANU–PF), Bekithemba Mpofu (MDC Alliance), and Meliwe Phuthi (MDC Alliance).[7]
Matabeleland South is represented by 13 Members of Parliament in the House of Assembly, Zimbabwe's lower house of Parliament. The province's current MPs since the 2018 elections are Patrick Dube, Ruth Mavhungu Maboyi, Levi Mayihlome, Obedingwa Mguni, Edgar Moyo, Abednico Ncube, Soul Ncube, Nqobizitha Ndlovu, Albert Nguluvhe, Dingumuzi Phuti, Madodana Sibanda, Spare Sithole, and Farai Taruvinga. All are members of ZANU–PF except for Dube, who represents the MDC Alliance.
References
- "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Retrieved 13 September 2018.
- "Updated: Final Zimbabwe Presidential, Parliamentary Election Results 2018". ZWNews. 2 August 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Matabeleland South Province : 2013 Harmonised Elections: Presidential Results" (PDF). Election Resource Centre. March 2017.
- "2008 Presidential Election Results: Matabeleland South Province" (PDF). Election Resource Centre. March 2017.
- "Presidential Election 2002 Results" (PDF). Election Resource Centre. 20 August 2014.
- "Zimbabwe poll explained: Ballot papers galore, and loads of new politicians". News24. Retrieved 6 August 2018.
- "Senators, women's quota, provincial council members". Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation. 2 August 2018. Retrieved 6 August 2018.