Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme

In molecular biology, Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (ODC-AZ) is an ornithine decarboxylase inhibitor. It binds to, and destabilises, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key enzyme in polyamine synthesis. ODC is then rapidly degraded.[1] It was first characterized in 1981.[2] The expression of ODC-AZ requires programmed, ribosomal frameshifting which is modulated according to the cellular concentration of polyamines. High levels of polyamines induce a +1 ribosomal frameshift in the translation of mRNA for the antizyme leading to the expression of a full-length protein. At least two forms of ODC-AZ exist in mammals [3] and the protein has been found in Drosophila (protein Gutfeeling[4]) as well as in Saccharomyces yeast (encoded by the OAZ1 gene).[5]

Ornithine decarboxylase antizyme
NMR structure of antizyme isoform 1 from rat
Identifiers
SymbolODC_AZ
PfamPF02100
InterProIPR002993
PROSITEPDOC01039

Human genes encoding Ornithine decarboxylase antizymes are OAZ1, OAZ2, and OAZ3.

References
  1. Matsufuji S, Matsufuji T, Miyazaki Y, Murakami Y, Atkins JF, Gesteland RF, Hayashi S (January 1995). "Autoregulatory frameshifting in decoding mammalian ornithine decarboxylase antizyme". Cell. 80 (1): 51–60. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(95)90450-6. PMC 7133313. PMID 7813017.
  2. Heller JS, Canellakis ES (1981). "Cellular control of ornithine decarboxylase activity by its antizyme". J. Cell. Physiol. 107 (2): 209–17. doi:10.1002/jcp.1041070206. PMID 7251680. S2CID 31895913.
  3. Ivanov IP, Gesteland RF, Atkins JF (September 1998). "A second mammalian antizyme: conservation of programmed ribosomal frameshifting". Genomics. 52 (2): 119–29. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5434. PMID 9782076.
  4. Salzberg, A.; Golden, K.; Bodmer, R.; Bellen, H. J. (1996-09-01). "Gutfeeling, a Drosophila Gene Encoding an Antizyme-like Protein, Is Required for Late Differentiation of Neurons and Muscles". Genetics. 144 (1): 183–196. ISSN 0016-6731. PMC 1207492. PMID 8878684.
  5. SGD entry for OAZ1 gene
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR002993


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