Ripley County, Missouri

Ripley County is a county in the Ozarks, Missouri. As of the 2010 census, the population was 14,100.[1] The largest city and county seat is Doniphan.[2] The county was officially organized on January 5, 1833, and is named after Brigadier General Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, a soldier who served with distinction in the War of 1812.[3]

Ripley County
U.S. county
Ripley County Courthouse in Doniphan
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 36°40′N 90°52′W
Country United States
State Missouri
FoundedJanuary 5, 1833
Named forEleazer Wheelock Ripley
SeatDoniphan
Largest cityDoniphan
Area
 • Total632 sq mi (1,640 km2)
 • Land630 sq mi (1,600 km2)
 • Water2.1 sq mi (5 km2)  0.3%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total14,100
 • Estimate 
(2018)
13,401
 • Density22/sq mi (8.6/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district8th
Websitewww.ripleycountymissouri.org

The original area included what would later become Oregon, Howell, Shannon and Carter counties. The historic Natchitoches Trail passes through Ripley County. It was a Native American trail to the Southwest that was used by pioneers, including Stephen F. Austin. During the American Civil War, Ripley County was strongly pro-Southern and provided four colonels for the Confederate Army. Several Civil War skirmishes took place in the county. Tourist areas include the Current River and the Mark Twain National Forest.

History

Located deep in the rugged, wooded hills of Southern Missouri, the area remained sparsely settled throughout the 19th century. Although organized in 1833, the county did not assume its present size until 1872.

When Congress created the Territory of Missouri in 1812, what became Ripley County was in New Madrid County. Three years later, Lawrence County was established, which included all of southern Missouri west of the St. Francis River and a portion of northern Arkansas. The seat of justice for Lawrence County was at Davidsonville in present-day Arkansas. In 1818 Wayne County was formed. This massive county included nearly one-fifth of the area in the Missouri Territory, with Greenville becoming the county seat.

In 1833 the General Assembly created Ripley County from part of Wayne County. The county then included present-day Ripley, Carter, Shannon, Oregon, and Howell Counties, with Van Buren as the county seat. Over the next 26 years, Ripley County's boundaries decreased as new counties were formed: Shannon (1841), Oregon, which included today's Oregon and Howell Counties (1845), and Carter (1859). The last boundary change took place in 1872.

Since most of the population lived in the south, voters moved the county seat to the new Doniphan, where a wooden courthouse was built. This building served the county until it was burned by Union troops, along with almost entire town of Doniphan, on September 19, 1864. William Russell, a county official, had earlier removed the county's record books and hid them in a cave south of town. They remained there until they were retrieved by the county clerk two years after the war.

Because of the chaos and destruction brought about by the Civil War, the courthouse was not replaced until 1871. A two-story brick courthouse was then built, using the $10,000 bond passed by the voters. It housed the administrative offices until it was destroyed by an accidental fire in January 1898.

Ripley County's current courthouse was designed by William F. Schrage of Kansas City, and was built by John McDonald Anderson of Emporia, Kansas in 1898–1899. A central tower, later destroyed during a 1929 tornado, dominated the two-story brick structure. Federal relief workers made repairs and renovations of the courthouse during the 1930s. An extensive remodeling project in the 1970s added central heating. The century-old courthouse is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places and celebrated its centennial during the 1999 Labor Day Homecoming Festivities.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 632 square miles (1,640 km2), of which 630 square miles (1,600 km2) is land and 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) (0.3%) is water.[4]

Adjacent counties

Major highways

National protected area

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18402,856—
18502,830−0.9%
18603,74732.4%
18703,175−15.3%
18805,37769.4%
18908,51258.3%
190013,18654.9%
191013,099−0.7%
192012,061−7.9%
193011,176−7.3%
194012,60612.8%
195011,414−9.5%
19609,096−20.3%
19709,8037.8%
198012,45827.1%
199012,303−1.2%
200013,5099.8%
201014,1004.4%
2018 (est.)13,401[5]−5.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8]
1990-2000[9] 2010-2015[1]

As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 13,509 people, 5,416 households, and 3,845 families residing in the county. The population density was 22 people per square mile (8/km2). There were 6,392 housing units at an average density of 10 per square mile (4/km2). The racial makeup of the county was 97.17% White, 0.04% Black or African American, 1.33% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.05% from other races, and 1.17% from two or more races. Approximately 0.98% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. The major first ancestries reported in Ripley County were 34.1% American, 14.0% Irish, 11.6% German and 10.7% English.

There were 5,416 households, out of which 30.30% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.40% were married couples living together, 9.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.00% were non-families. 25.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.30% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.80% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 25.30% from 25 to 44, 24.70% from 45 to 64, and 17.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 94.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.10 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $27,285, and the median income for a family was $33,101. Males had a median income of $22,056 versus $17,823 for females. The per capita income for the county was $15,251. About 16.90% of families and 22.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.00% of those under age 18 and 20.40% of those age 65 or over.

At the end of 2008, the unemployment rate in Ripley County was 6.4%.

Religion

According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2000), Ripley County is a part of the Bible Belt with evangelical Protestantism being the majority religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Ripley County who adhere to a religion are Southern Baptists (34.98%), Churches of Christ (12.20%), and Baptist Missionary Association of America (10.16%).

Politics

Local

The Republican Party mostly controls politics at the local level in Ripley County. Republicans hold over half of the elected positions in the county.

Ripley County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor Jan Spencer Democratic
Circuit Clerk Sharon R. Richmond Republican
County Clerk Becky York Democratic
Collector Marcia Tackett Republican
Commissioner
(Presiding)		 Jesse Roy Republican
Commissioner
(District 1)		 Gary Emmons Republican
Commissioner
(District 2)		 Andy Towell Republican
Coroner Mike Jackson Democratic
Prosecuting Attorney Edward Thompson Democratic
Public Administrator Brenda Emmons-Thompson Republican
Recorder June Watson Democratic
Sheriff Mike Barton Democratic
Surveyor William Troy Ayers Republican
Treasurer Terry L. Slayton Republican

State

All of Ripley County is a part of Missouri's 153rd District and is currently represented by Steve Cookson (R-Poplar Bluff).

Missouri House of Representatives — District 153 — Ripley County (2016)[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Steve Cookson 3,692 68.69% -10.23
Democratic Matt Michel 1,683 32.31% +32.31

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Missouri House of Representatives — District 153 — Ripley County (2014)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Steve Cookson 2,007 78.92% +3.18
Libertarian Ginny Keirns 536 21.08% +21.08
Missouri House of Representatives — District 153 — Ripley County (2012)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Steve Cookson 3,796 75.74%
Independent Jack (Skip) Johnson 1,216 24.26%

All of Ripley County is a part of Missouri's 33rd District in the Missouri Senate and is currently represented by Mike Cunninghma (R-Rogersville).

Missouri Senate — District 33 — Ripley County (2016)[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Mike Cunningham 4,669 100.00%
Missouri Senate — District 33 — Ripley County (2012)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Mike Cunningham 4,410 100.00%
Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 73.17% 3,959 24.23% 1,311 2.60% 141
2012 54.29% 2,822 42.63% 2,216 3.08% 160
2008 47.09% 2,499 49.75% 2,640 3.17% 168
2004 59.85% 3,332 38.37% 2,136 1.78% 99
2000 53.19% 2,651 44.36% 2,211 2.45% 122
1996 38.80% 1,801 58.97% 2,738 2.24% 104
1992 45.47% 2,155 54.53% 2,584 0.00% 0
1988 62.64% 2,840 37.25% 1,689 0.11% 5
1984 56.91% 2,665 43.09% 2,018 0.00% 0
1980 53.25% 2,510 46.71% 2,202 0.04% 2
1976 47.30% 1,972 52.53% 2,190 0.17% 7

Federal
U.S. Senate — Missouri — Ripley County (2016)[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Roy Blunt 3,814 70.85% +17.54
Democratic Jason Kander 1,340 24.89% -16.41
Libertarian Jonathan Dine 100 1.86% -3.53
Green Johnathan McFarland 78 1.45% +1.45
Constitution Fred Ryman 49 0.91% +0.91
Write-in Patrick Lee 2 0.04% +0.04
U.S. Senate — Missouri — Ripley County (2012)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Todd Akin 2,771 53.31%
Democratic Claire McCaskill 2,147 41.30%
Libertarian Jonathan Dine 280 5.39%

Ripley County is included in Missouri's 8th Congressional District and is represented by Jason T. Smith (R-Salem) in the House of Representatives. Smith won a special election on Tuesday, June 4, 2013, to finish out the remaining term of U.S. Representative Jo Ann Emerson (R-Cape Girardeau). Emerson announced her resignation a month after being reelected with over 70 percent of the vote in the district. She resigned to become CEO of the National Rural Electric Cooperative.

U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 8th Congressional District — Ripley County (2016)[11]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith 4,224 80.18% +9.42
Democratic Dave Cowell 903 17.14% -3.87
Libertarian Jonathan Shell 141 2.68% +1.18
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 8th Congressional District — Ripley County (2014)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith 3,911 70.76% +0.37
Democratic Barbara Stocker 547 21.01% -3.68
Libertarian Rick Vandeven 39 1.50% -0.20
Constitution Doug Enyart 48 1.84% -1.38
Independent Terry Hampton 127 4.88% +4.88
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 8th Congressional District — Ripley County (Special Election2013)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith 744 70.39% -4.94
Democratic Steve Hodges 261 24.69% +2.77
Libertarian Bill Slantz 18 1.70% -1.05
Constitution Doug Enyart 34 3.22% +3.22
U.S. House of Representatives — Missouri's 8th Congressional District — Ripley County (2012)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jo Ann Emerson 3,911 75.33%
Democratic Jack Rushin 1,138 21.92%
Libertarian Rick Vandeven 143 2.75%

Political culture
Presidential elections results[12]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2020 84.6% 4,838 14.6% 833 0.8% 45
2016 81.9% 4,522 15.0% 830 3.1% 172
2012 71.1% 3,743 26.5% 1,396 2.4% 124
2008 63.5% 3,407 33.5% 1,795 3.0% 161
2004 65.3% 3,693 33.7% 1,907 0.9% 53
2000 61.6% 3,121 35.9% 1,820 2.5% 124
1996 42.7% 1,988 44.7% 2,081 12.7% 589
1992 37.3% 1,814 47.3% 2,300 15.4% 746
1988 57.3% 2,647 42.5% 1,961 0.3% 12
1984 60.9% 2,927 39.2% 1,883
1980 53.0% 2,524 45.3% 2,156 1.8% 85
1976 38.6% 1,640 60.7% 2,577 0.7% 28
1972 67.4% 2,810 32.6% 1,361
1968 48.2% 1,973 35.2% 1,440 16.6% 677
1964 38.5% 1,684 61.5% 2,688
1960 62.1% 2,811 37.9% 1,717
1956 50.5% 2,189 49.5% 2,149
1952 52.6% 2,444 47.2% 2,194 0.3% 12
1948 39.7% 1,533 59.7% 2,304 0.5% 21
1944 48.7% 1,841 50.9% 1,923 0.4% 15
1940 48.5% 2,291 51.2% 2,419 0.3% 15
1936 43.5% 1,911 56.1% 2,466 0.5% 20
1932 29.7% 1,139 67.8% 2,600 2.5% 95
1928 61.3% 2,226 38.4% 1,395 0.3% 10
1924 41.7% 1,428 54.4% 1,863 3.9% 133
1920 47.7% 1,752 47.2% 1,735 5.1% 189
1916 42.2% 1,053 53.1% 1,325 4.7% 118
1912 26.7% 651 51.2% 1,249 22.2% 541
1908 41.0% 946 56.7% 1,309 2.4% 55
1904 39.2% 781 54.6% 1,089 6.3% 125
1900 35.2% 822 61.7% 1,439 3.1% 72
1896 34.1% 749 65.7% 1,442 0.2% 4
1892 30.5% 446 55.5% 812 14.1% 206
1888 36.4% 507 57.8% 805 5.8% 81

At the presidential level, Ripley County is fairly independent-leaning; however, like many rural counties, it does have a slight Republican lean. While George W. Bush carried Ripley County by two-to-one margins in 2000 and 2004, Bill Clinton won the county both times in 1992 and 1996. Like most of the rural counties in Missouri, Ripley County favored John McCain over Barack Obama in 2008. Trump won the county by 70% of the vote in 2020. [13]

Like most rural areas throughout Southeast Missouri, voters in Ripley County generally adhere to socially and culturally conservative principles which tend to influence their Republican leanings. In 2004, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Ripley County with 89.06 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support from voters as Missouri became the first state to ban same-sex marriage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research in the state—it failed in Ripley County with 57.39 percent voting against the measure. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support from voters as Missouri became one of the first states in the nation to approve embryonic stem cell research. Despite Ripley County's longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancing populist causes like increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Ripley County with 75.08 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 75.94 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state. During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.

Missouri presidential preference primary (2008)
Ripley County, Missouri
2008 Republican primary in Missouri
John McCain329 (23.62%)
Mike Huckabee750 (53.84%)
Mitt Romney238 (17.09%)
Ron Paul52 (3.73%)
Ripley County, Missouri
2008 Democratic primary in Missouri
Hillary Clinton1,073 (74.20%)
Barack Obama282 (19.50%)
John Edwards (withdrawn)72 (4.98%)
Uncommitted{{{uncommitted}}}

In the 2008 presidential primary, voters in Ripley County from both political parties supported candidates who finished in second place in the state at large and nationally.

  • Then U.S. Senator Hillary Clinton (D-New York) received her fourth strongest showing in the Democratic Primary of 2008 in Ripley County; she only did better in Dunklin, Wayne and Carter counties. Also, she received more votes, a total of 1,073, than any candidate from either party in Ripley County during the 2008 presidential primary.

Education

Of adults 25 years of age and older in Ripley County, 62.1% possesses a high school diploma or higher while 7.8% holds a bachelor's degree or higher as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

Private schools

Public libraries
  • Doniphan-Ripley County Library[14]

Communities

Cities

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated places

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 12, 2013.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. Eaton, David Wolfe (1917). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. pp. 347.
  4. "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  5. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved November 13, 2019.
  6. "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  7. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  8. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  9. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
  10. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  11. "County Results - State of Missouri - 2016 General Election - November 8, 2016 - Official Results". Missouri Secretary of State. December 12, 2016. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  12. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-03-26.
  13. Politico. Politico https://www.politico.com/2020-election/results/missouri/. Retrieved 25 November 2020. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  14. Breeding, Marshall. "Doniphan-Ripley County Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.

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