SkyWest Airlines

SkyWest Airlines is an American regional airline headquartered in St. George, Utah, United States. It primarily serves major air carriers via contracts with Alaska Airlines (as Alaska SkyWest), American Airlines (as American Eagle), Delta Air Lines (as Delta Connection), and United Airlines (as United Express). SkyWest is primarily paid to operate and maintain aircraft used on flights that are scheduled, marketed, and priced by a partner mainline airline. In all, it is the largest regional airline in North America when measured by fleet size, number of passengers carried, and number of destinations served between all the airlines it contracts with.

"SkyWest" redirects here. For other uses, see Skywest.

SkyWest Airlines
IATA ICAO Callsign
OO[1] SKW SKYWEST
Founded1972
AOC #SWIA011A[2]
Hubsas American Eagle:[3]

as Alaska SkyWest:[3]

as Delta Connection:[3]

as United Express:[3]

Focus citiesas Alaska SkyWest:[3]
Fleet size452
Destinations255[4]
Parent companySkyWest, Inc.
HeadquartersSt. George, Utah, United States[4]
Key people
Websitehttp://www.skywest.com

SkyWest operates an average of more than 2,400 flights per day to 250 cities in the United States, Canada, Mexico with an extensive network of routes largely set up to connect passengers between smaller airports and the large hubs of its partner airlines. In total, SkyWest carried 35.9 million passengers in 2017.

Under various contracts, the company operates an average of 1,050 flights per day as Delta Connection on behalf of Delta Air Lines, 900 flights per day as United Express on behalf of United Airlines, 370 flights per day as American Eagle on behalf of American Airlines, and 160 flights per day as Alaska SkyWest in partnership with Alaska Airlines.

The vast majority of SkyWest's contracts are fixed-fee, with partner airlines paying a set amount for each flight operated, regardless of the number of passengers carried. The remaining 7% of flights are operated under a pro-rate contract, with SkyWest assuming all costs, setting fares, retaining all revenue from non-connecting passengers, and splitting the fares of connecting passengers on a pro-rated basis with the partner airline. SkyWest currently operates on a pro-rate basis on 68 routes across 10 hubs through agreements with American Airlines, Delta Air Lines, and United Airlines.[5]

As of early 2021, SkyWest operates to 50 smaller cities that are subsidized under the federal governments' Essential Air Service program. 36 are served under the United Express banner and 14 under the Delta Connection banner. Service to four other airports in Wyoming are subsidized by the state of Wyoming and operate under the United Express banner. All subsidized routes are flown with Bombardier CRJ100/200 regional jets.[6]

History
SkyWest Airlines headquarters in St. George, Utah
Former Embraer EMB-120 in SkyWest livery

Frustrated by the limited extent of existing air service, Ralph Atkin, a St. George, Utah lawyer, purchased Dixie Airlines to shuttle businessmen to Salt Lake City in 1972.[7] After early struggles, SkyWest began a steady expansion across the western U.S. It became the eleventh largest regional carrier in 1984 when it acquired Sun Aire Lines of Palm Springs, California, and had its initial public offering in 1986.[8]

In 1985, SkyWest began codesharing as Western Express, a feeder service for Western Airlines at its Salt Lake City hub and other mainline Western destinations utilizing Embraer EMB 120 Brasilia and Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner turboprop aircraft.[9] Following the acquisition and merger of Western by Delta Air Lines in 1987, SkyWest then became a Delta Connection air carrier with code share service being flown on behalf of Delta to destinations in Arizona, California, Colorado, Montana, Nevada, Utah and Wyoming.[10][11]

From 1995 through 1997, SkyWest operated code share service for Continental Airlines as Continental Connection on flights out of Los Angeles that were also operated as Delta Connection.

In 1997 SkyWest began operating as United Express in addition to Delta Connection on flights out of United Airlines hubs at SFO, LAX and DEN. SkyWest became United's largest United Express operation by the late 1990s. Flights were initially operated with Embraer Brasilia's and Bombardier CRJ200 regional jets. CRJ 700's were added in the early 2000's and Embraer 175's were added in 2015.

A partnership with Continental was revived in 2003 as Continental Connection out of George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston, but was discontinued in June 2005. This operation used Embraer Brasilia's.

On August 15, 2005, Delta sold Atlantic Southeast Airlines to the newly incorporated SkyWest, Inc. for $425 million in cash.[12] The acquisition was completed on September 8, 2005.[13]

In 2007 SkyWest began code sharing with Midwest Airlines at the carriers hubs in Milwaukee and Kansas City using Bombardier CRJ200 regional jets. In 2010 the code share with Midwest had ended and a new code share agreement began with AirTran Airways at Milwaukee. On September 6, 2011, AirTran Airways ended its codesharing and partnership with SkyWest.[14] Shortly after, SkyWest began a codesharing agreement with US Airways to operate CRJ200 aircraft from US Airways' hub in Phoenix, Arizona.[15]

On August 4, 2010, SkyWest, Inc. announced that it planned to acquire ExpressJet Airlines and merge it with SkyWest subsidiary Atlantic Southeast Airlines in a deal reported to have a value of $133 million. The purchase aligned the largest commuter operations of United Airlines and Continental Airlines, who were in a merger process, and was approved on September 13, 2010, by the Federal Trade Commission.[16]

In May 2011, SkyWest replaced Horizon Air on six routes on the West Coast being operated for Alaska Airlines. The flights were based out of Seattle and Portland, and fly to several California cities including Fresno, Burbank, Santa Barbara and Ontario. Horizon Air had been operating these routes with Bombardier CRJ700 series aircraft however Horizon retired this aircraft from its fleet. Alaska Airlines had a similar agreement with PenAir for Alaskan flights and Horizon Air for flights in the lower 48.[17]

On November 15, 2012, SkyWest began a capacity purchase agreement with American Airlines for 12 CRJ200 aircraft operating as American Eagle from American's hub in Los Angeles, California.[18] This code share agreement with American was greatly expanded over the next several years to include destinations from American's hubs at Chicago, Dallas/Fort Worth, and Phoenix. Larger Bombardier CRJ700 series aircraft were introduced to the American Eagle system in 2016 and the smaller CRJ-200's were discontinued in 2020. Embraer 175's are scheduled to join the American Eagle system in late 2021.

A SkyWest Embraer E175 operating for Alaska Airlines

On September 6, 2017, SkyWest Airlines reported that it has entered into aircraft purchase agreements and capacity purchase agreements to acquire and fly 15 new aircraft with Delta Air Lines and 10 new aircraft with Alaska Airlines. Of the 25 aircraft, 15 Embraer E175 SC aircraft will fly under an agreement with Delta in a 70-seat configuration. The E175 SC aircraft has an E175 airframe and can be retrofitted to 76 seats in the future. The agreement with Alaska includes 10 Embraer E175s, which will be configured with 76 seats, similar to aircraft SkyWest has previously placed into service with Alaska. Expected delivery dates of the 25 aircraft run from March 2018 through the end of 2018.[19]

On December 18, 2018, SkyWest, Inc. announced that it would sell ExpressJet Airlines to another airline holding company with ties to United Airlines, ExpressJet's sole client.[20][21] The $70 million sale closed on January 23, 2019.[22]

Corporate affairs

Ownership and structure

SkyWest is owned by SkyWest, Inc., an airline holding company. SkyWest also provides contract ground handling services at airports across the United States.

Performance figures for SkyWest Airlines are fully incorporated into the accounts of its parent company, SkyWest, Inc.

Figures that are available for SkyWest Airlines alone (referred to as 'SkyWest Airlines segment' data in the Group accounts), are shown below (as at year ending December 31):

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Revenue (US$m) 1,930 1,828 1,874 1,848 1,935 2,173 2,346 2,479
Profit before tax (US$m) 106 140 76 182 23 263 307 250
Number of passengers (m) n/a 40.3 43.7
Number of aircraft (in service)(at year end) 334 362 348 368 422 470 483
Notes/sources [23] [24][23] [25][24] [26][25] [27][26] [28][27] [29][28] [29]

Destinations
Main article: List of SkyWest Airlines destinations

SkyWest flies to 255 destinations throughout North America including Denver International Airport, Salt Lake City International Airport, San Francisco International Airport, Los Angeles International Airport, Chicago O'Hare International Airport, Washington Dulles International Airport, Seattle-Tacoma International Airport and Portland International Airport.[30]

Fleet
Bombardier CRJ200, owned and operated by SkyWest for Delta Connection, landing at Minneapolis-St Paul International Airport.
Embraer 175, owned and operated by SkyWest for Alaska Airlines, parked at the gate at Fresno Yosemite International Airport.
Embraer 175, owned and operated by SkyWest for Delta Connection, approaching LaGuardia Airport.
Bombardier A SkyWest CRJ200 at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport. Most aircraft are painted in the livery of partner carriers, but SkyWest does have a small number of aircraft in its own livery that can be operated for any partner airline as needed.

Current fleet

SkyWest has the largest fleet of any regional airline in the United States. Since 2015, the airline has exclusively operated jet aircraft.

Like most regional airlines in the United States, SkyWest is subject to scope clause requirements of its mainline carrier partners and their pilot unions; those requirements limit the size of the aircraft flown by a regional airline, measured in seat capacity. This has created three subgroups of aircraft flown by SkyWest: aircraft with no more than 50 seats, no more than 70 seats and no more than 76 seats.

As of October 2020, the SkyWest Airlines fleet consists of the following aircraft, categorized by seating capacity:[31][32][33]

SkyWest Airlines fleet
Aircraft In service Orders Passengers Operated for Notes
F Y+ Y Total
Up to 50 seats
Bombardier CRJ200 38 — — 4 46 50 Delta Connection
96 — 50 United Express
Category total 134 —
Up to 70 seats
Bombardier CRJ700 61 29 9 16 40 65 American Eagle Orders are used aircraft to be delivered by the end of 2021.
6 16 48 70
6 — 9 16 44 69 Delta Connection
19 6 16 48 70 United Express
Bombardier CRJ900 12 1 12 20 38 70 Delta Connection Order to be delivered in 2021.
Embraer 175 SC 37 —
25 32 26 United Express
Category total 160 30
Up to 76 seats
Bombardier CRJ900 27 — 12 20 44 76 Delta Connection
Embraer 175 32 — 12 52 Alaska Airlines
— 20[34] 20 44 American Eagle Orders to be delivered starting in late 2021 and ending in 2022.
34 — 20 44 Delta Connection
65 — 16 48 United Express
Category total 158 20
Fleet total 452 50

Note: the above chart only shows aircraft in scheduled service. It does not include aircraft that are: owned by SkyWest but leased to other operators, removed from service, transitioning between agreements with partners, used as spares, parked, or in the process of being parted out.[33]

Historical fleet

SkyWest previously operated Embraer EMB-120 turboprop aircraft until 2015. The airline also operated Fairchild Swearingen Metroliner turboprops (Metro II and Metro III models).[10] In 1984, SkyWest was operating the largest Metro propjet fleet in the world with 26 aircraft, and by 1991 the Metro fleet had grown to 35 aircraft with 15 Brasilia propjets also being operated.[10] By 1994, the first jet, a Bombardier CRJ-100, was added to the fleet and by 1996 all of the Metro propjets had been retired as they were progressively replaced with Brasilia aircraft.[10]

According to the airline's website, at its inception SkyWest was operating all flights in the early 1970s with small propeller-driven, piston-engine aircraft, including:[10]

  • Piper Cherokee 140 – two passenger seats
  • Piper Cherokee Arrow – four passenger seats
  • Piper Cherokee Six – six passenger seats
  • Piper Navajo – eight passenger seats
  • Piper Navajo Chieftain – nine passenger seats

Accidents and incidents

SkyWest Airlines has never been cited or found at fault in a fatal accident or incident. Incidents include:

  • January 15, 1987: SkyWest Airlines Flight 1834 a Fairchild Metro collided with a Mooney M20 transporting an instructor and a student, while on a flight between Pocatello, Idaho to Salt Lake City, Utah in the vicinity of Kearns, Utah. All 10 people on Flight 1834 and the 2 occupants of the Mooney were killed. The accident was found to be a navigation error of the student pilot aboard the Mooney.[35]
  • January 15, 1990: SkyWest Airlines Flight 5855, a Fairchild Metro collided with terrain during an instrument approach to Elko, Nevada. There were four serious and nine minor injuries.
  • February 1, 1991: SkyWest Airlines Flight 5569, a Fairchild Metro was awaiting departure clearance on an active runway at LAX for a scheduled flight to Palmdale, California when USAir Flight 1493, a Boeing 737-300 arriving from Columbus, Ohio collided with it while it was landing. Skywest 5569 was directed to position and hold on runway 24L at the intersection of taxiway 45. US1493 was cleared to land on 24L one minute later by the same local controller. One minute later, the 737 touched down, then landed on the SkyWest Metro, which was still holding in position 2,400 feet (730 m) from the runway threshold. The two planes slid down the runway, then off to the side, coming to rest against an unoccupied firehouse, and burst into flames. All 12 people on the Metro were killed (10 passengers and 2 pilots), and 22 of the 89 aboard the 737 perished (20 passengers, 1 pilot and 1 flight attendant). The cause was found to be air traffic controller error.
  • May 21, 1997: SkyWest Airlines Flight 5724, an Embraer EMB-120, N198SW, experienced a total loss of engine power to the right engine and associated engine fire, followed by a total loss of all airplane hydraulic systems, after takeoff from San Diego International Airport, San Diego, California. The airplane sustained substantial damage. The 2 pilots, 1 flight attendant, and 14 passengers were not injured. Skywest Airlines was operating the airplane as a scheduled domestic passenger flight under 14 CFR Part 121. The flight was destined for Los Angeles, California. It diverted to Miramar NAS, San Diego, where it landed at 14:27 local time. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time, and an IFR flight plan was filed.[36]
  • May 26, 2007: SkyWest Airlines flight 5741, an Embraer EMB-120, was involved in a serious runway incursion when the plane nearly collided with Republic Airlines flight 4912, an Embraer E170, on intersecting runways at San Francisco International Airport. There were no reported injuries to passengers and no reported damage to either aircraft. According to the NTSB, the FAA traffic controller was at fault and the aircraft were between 50 ft (15 m) and 300 ft (91 m) apart.
  • January 13, 2008: A United Airlines Boeing 757-200 jet with maintenance workers on board at San Francisco International Airport backed into SkyWest Airlines Flight 6398, a Bombardier CRJ-700 carrying 60 passengers and crew. The collision occurred at 7:30 p.m. as the 757 was being taken out of service and being moved without passengers from Gate 80 to a hangar for the night. The passengers on board the SkyWest plane were taken off the plane, which had left its gate and was waiting to depart to Boise, Idaho. Both planes suffered tail and engine damage, but no one on board either plane was injured.[37]
  • September 7, 2008: SkyWest Airlines flight 6430, a Bombardier CRJ-700 operating as a United Express flight from Los Angeles, California ran off a runway after landing in San Antonio, Texas. An airport spokesman indicated that the aircraft appeared to be having mechanical difficulties, and resulted in the airport's primary runway being closed for two hours until the aircraft could be removed. No injuries were reported among the 52 passengers and 4 crew members on board.[38][39]
  • May 23, 2010: SkyWest Airlines flight 6467, a Bombardier CRJ-200 operating as a United Express flight from San Francisco, California landed in Ontario, California with the nose gear retracted. No injuries were reported among the 24 passengers and 3 crew aboard.[40][41]
  • July 17, 2012: An out-of-service SkyWest Bombardier CRJ-200 operating for Delta Connection was stolen by a SkyWest pilot on administrative leave, after murdering his girlfriend several days earlier, and substantially damaged at the St. George Regional Airport in St. George, Utah.[42] The pilot started the engines and taxied the aircraft into a parking lot, striking the terminal and damaging several parked cars in the process. He would die from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. The aircraft was out of service and there were no other passengers or crew on board.[43]
  • May 11, 2015: SkyWest Flight 5316, a Bombardier CRJ-200 operating as a United Express flight from Monterey, California to Los Angeles, California landed after its landing gear failed to fully deploy. The left wing scraped the ground on Runway 24 Left. All 40 passengers and three crew members safely deplaned and no injuries were reported.[44]
  • December 4, 2016: SkyWest Airlines flight 5588, an Embraer E175 operating as a United Express flight from George Bush Intercontinental Airport to Monterrey, Mexico, was diverted to San Antonio International Airport after experiencing an abnormal landing gear indication. Upon landing, the nose gear of the aircraft collapsed, and the aircraft came to rest on runway 04. Of the 51 passengers and 4 crew members, only 1 minor injury was sustained during the evacuation. During recovery of the aircraft, it was discovered that a failed downlock spring on the nose gear had prevented the landing gear from locking in the down position.[45]

See also

References
  1. "IATA - Airline and Airport Code Search". iata.org. Retrieved April 11, 2015.
  2. "Federal Aviation Administration - Airline Certificate Information - Detail View". av-info.faa.gov. Retrieved June 27, 2019.
  3. "SkyWest Fact Sheet" (PDF). April 2, 2020. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
  4. "SkyWest Airlines - General Information". SkyWest Airlines. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  5. "SkyWest, Inc. Investor Update" (PDF). inc.skywest.com. Retrieved March 19, 2018.
  6. Wikipedia website for Essential Air Service
  7. Arnoult, Sandra (April 2005). "SkyWest thrives on the Atkin diet". Air Transport World. Retrieved February 10, 2012.
  8. "List of NASDAQ IPO dates". NASDAQ. Retrieved June 23, 2011.
  9. http://www.departedflights.com, March 1, 1987 Western Airlines system timetable & Western Express/SkyWest route map
  10. http://www.skywest.com, About, History
  11. http://www.departedflights.com, April 3, 1988 SkyWest route map
  12. Nii, Jenifer K. (August 16, 2005). "SkyWest deal: St. George-based firm buys Delta's ASA". Deseret Morning News. Retrieved August 23, 2013.
  13. "SKYWEST COMPLETES PURCHASE OF ATLANTIC SOUTHEAST AIRLINES" (PDF). SkyWest, Inc. Retrieved August 23, 2013.
  14. "Southwest to end AirTran's codesharing with SkyWest on Sept. 6 | Dallas News". The Dallas Morning News Inc. June 13, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  15. "Media Room" (PDF). Skywest.com. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 27, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2012.
  16. "FTC transaction granted (Early termination)" (PDF). FTC. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 18, 2011. Retrieved June 24, 2011.
  17. "Alaska Airlines Announces Routes, Schedule for New Partner". Alaska Airlines. February 25, 2011. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
  18. "SkyWest, Inc. Announces Agreement With American Airlines; Adds Major Code Share Partner | PR Newswire". PR Newswire Association LLC. September 12, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  19. SkyWest, Inc. (September 6, 2017). "SkyWest, Inc. Announces Order of 25 New Aircraft, New Flying Agreements". PRNewswire. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
  20. http://www.skywest.com/assets/Uploads/PressReleases/SKYW-ExpressJet-transaction-13.18.18-FINAL.pdf
  21. Snyder, Brett (December 20, 2018). "There is a Reason United's Purchase of ExpressJet is So Complicated". Cranky Flier. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
  22. ExpressJet Airlines (January 23, 2019). "ManaAir Announces Completion of ExpressJet Airlines Acquisition". www.prnewswire.com. Retrieved January 25, 2019.
  23. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2013 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 14, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  24. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2014 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 18, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  25. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2015 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 26, 2016. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  26. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2016 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 27, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
  27. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2017 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 26, 2018. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  28. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2018 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 21, 2019. Retrieved March 28, 2020.
  29. "SkyWest, Inc. Annual Report year ended December 31, 2019 on Form 10-K" (PDF). February 18, 2020. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
  30. "SkyWest Airlines - General Information". SkyWest Airlines. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
  31. "Aircraft" (PDF). SkyWest Airlines. May 2018. Retrieved May 3, 2018.
  32. "SkyWest Airlines Fleet Details and History". www.planespotters.net. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
  33. "SkyWest, Inc. Quarterly Report, quarter ended September 30, 2020 on Form 10-Q" (PDF). November 5, 2020. Retrieved November 19, 2020.
  34. "SkyWest orders 20 old-generation Embraer jets as order for new line remains paused". Reuters. January 30, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
  35. "ASN Aircraft accident Swearingen SA226-TC Metro II N163SW Kearns, UT". Aviation-safety.net. January 15, 1987. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  36. "ASN Aircraft accident Embraer EMB-120RT Brasilia N198SW San Diego International Airport, CA (SAN)". Aviation-safety.net. May 21, 1997. Retrieved September 15, 2020.
  37. Schevitz, Tanya (January 14, 2008). "Jet backs into another at SFO - no injuries". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 18, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
  38. "United Express jet runs off San Antonio runway". WFAA. Associated Press. September 8, 2008. Archived from the original on September 10, 2008. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
  39. Hradecky, Simon (September 8, 2008). "Incident: Skywest CRJ7 at San Antonio on Sep 7th 2008, ran off runway". The Aviation Herald. Retrieved September 9, 2008.
  40. "Skywest Flight Out Of SFO Makes Emergency Landing". KTVU. Bay City News. May 23, 2010. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
  41. "NTSB Identification: WPR10IA256". NTSB. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  42. "Man tries to steal commercial jet, crashes into terminal, kills himself | National News - 960WELI - New Haven's News/Talk :: New Haven, CT". 960WELI. July 17, 2012. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
  43. "Criminal Occurrence description". Aviation-safety.net. July 17, 2012. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
  44. "United SkyWest Jet Makes Emergency Landing At LAX". cbslocal.com. May 11, 2015. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
  45. "Accident: Skywest E175 at San Antonio on Dec 4th 2016, nose gear collapse on landing". avherald.com. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
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