World Wushu Championships
The World Wushu Championships (WWC) is an international sports championship hosted by the International Wushu Federation (IWUF) for the sports of Wushu Taolu and Sanda (sanshou).[1] It has been held biennially since 1991 and is the pinnacle event of the IWUF. The World Wushu Championships also coincides with the IWUF Congress as well as with various committee meetings.[1]
World Wushu Championships | |
---|---|
Genre | Global sports event |
Frequency | Biennial |
Inaugurated | 1991 |
Most recent | 2019 |
Organised by | IWUF |
Website | http://www.iwuf.org/competitions/iwuf-official-events/world-wushu-championships/ |
Championships
Edition | Year | Host City, Country | Events |
1 | 1991 | Beijing, China | 23 |
2 | 1993 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 24 |
3 | 1995 | Baltimore, U.S. | 24 |
4 | 1997 | Rome, Italy | 25 |
5 | 1999 | Hung Hom Bay, Hong Kong | 31 |
6 | 2001 | Yerevan, Armenia | 41 |
7 | 2003 | Freguesia da Sé, Macau | 39 |
8 | 2005 | Hanoi, Vietnam | 40 |
9 | 2007 | Beijing, China | 40 |
10 | 2009 | Toronto, Canada | 40 |
11 | 2011 | Ankara, Turkey | 40 |
12 | 2013 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 46 |
13 | 2015 | Jakarta, Indonesia | 50 |
14 | 2017 | Kazan, Russia | 44 |
15 | 2019 | Shanghai, China | 44 |
16 | 2021 | Dallas, United States | TBD |
History
Rules Revision History
The 1990 and 1998 IWUF Rules for Taolu Competition were largely based of the Chinese Wushu Association rules which governed wushu competitions for decades. The system of judging in these rulesets were used at the World Wushu Championships from 1991 to 2003.
After the 2003 World Wushu Championships, the IWUF released a major revision to the taolu rules which added the degree of difficulty requirement. This system of judging has been used since 2005 at the World Wushu Championships and have been revised in 2005 and 2019.
The current Sanda rules were last revised in 2017.
Event History
The 1999 World Wushu Championships introduced Taijijian, Nandao, and Nangun events. These events were originally not part of the IWUF first set of compuslory routines but are now generally accepted as being part of that set.
The IWUF second set of compulsory routines were implemented as additional events in the 2001 World Wushu Championships alongside events for the first compulsory routines.
In the 2003 World Wushu Championships, all athletes were required to compete with the IWUF second set of compulsory routines. Women's sanshou and women's duilian was also introduced at this competition.
As a result of the major rule changes of 2005, compulsory routines were discontinued at the World Wushu Championships and athletes had to compete with optional routines with fist and weapon events being judged with degree of difficulty.
Incidental music was adopted for the first time for the Taijiquan and Taijijian events at the 2007 World Wushu Championships
The Changquan, Nanquan, and Taijiquan routines from the IWUF third set of compulsory routines were implemented in 2013 and 2015 as additional events.
Men's dadao, men's xingyiquan, women's shuangjian, and women's baguazhang were also implemented in 2015. In 2017 and 2019, the same additional events reappeared but men's dadao was swapped with the men's shuangdao event.
The degree of difficulty requirement for long weapon was added leading up to the 2017 World Wushu Championships.
2019 implemented a creative group-set (Jiti) event with certified and celebrity judges. The official judges graded performances out of a total of 10.000 according to regular IWUF judging procedures and celebrity judges gave a score out of 10.000 based on personal preference.
2021 is scheduled for the taiji fan (Taijishan) event to debut.
Other History
The 1995 World Wushu Championships in the United States was the first time a major international Wushu competition was held outside of Asia.
The 2001 World Wushu Championships implemented doping tests for the first time. The tests registered a clean record as all of the 12 samples returned with no positive results.[2]
More than 1000 martial artists from 89 countries took part in the 2007 World Wushu Championships in Beijing just one year before the summer Olympic Games took place in People's Republic of China.
Total medal count
Ranking is based on the system implemented by the International Olympic Committee for Olympic events. Countries are first ranked by number of gold medals earned, followed by number of silver medals earned, then number of bronze medals earned. National Federations which have never earned a medal at the World Wushu Championships are not listed here. The IWUF itself does not publish all-time tables, and publishes unofficial tables only per single championships. This table was thus compiled by adding up single entries from the IWUF Results Database.[3]
Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | China (CHN) | 218 | 12 | 2 | 232 |
2 | Iran (IRI) | 51 | 22 | 23 | 96 |
3 | Hong Kong (HKG) | 44 | 63 | 37 | 144 |
4 | Russia (RUS) | 39 | 32 | 34 | 105 |
5 | Vietnam (VIE) | 34 | 59 | 56 | 149 |
6 | South Korea (KOR) | 23 | 31 | 48 | 102 |
7 | Macau (MAC) | 22 | 34 | 31 | 87 |
8 | Malaysia (MAS) | 21 | 33 | 43 | 97 |
9 | Philippines (PHI) | 17 | 19 | 33 | 69 |
10 | Indonesia (INA) | 15 | 13 | 18 | 46 |
11 | Japan (JPN) | 14 | 36 | 30 | 80 |
12 | Chinese Taipei (TPE) | 8 | 20 | 22 | 50 |
13 | Egypt (EGY) | 8 | 18 | 30 | 56 |
14 | Myanmar (MYA) | 5 | 9 | 7 | 21 |
15 | Singapore (SGP) | 4 | 11 | 18 | 33 |
16 | India (IND) | 4 | 9 | 16 | 29 |
17 | Netherlands (NED) | 4 | 3 | 7 | 14 |
18 | Italy (ITA) | 3 | 8 | 18 | 29 |
19 | Brazil (BRA) | 3 | 7 | 15 | 25 |
20 | Turkmenistan (TKM) | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 |
21 | United States (USA) | 2 | 15 | 28 | 45 |
22 | Ukraine (UKR) | 2 | 11 | 15 | 28 |
23 | Romania (ROU) | 2 | 9 | 13 | 24 |
24 | Turkey (TUR) | 2 | 8 | 26 | 36 |
25 | France (FRA) | 2 | 4 | 20 | 26 |
26 | Kazakhstan (KAZ) | 2 | 1 | 7 | 10 |
27 | Soviet Union (URS) | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
28 | Azerbaijan (AZE) | 1 | 7 | 4 | 12 |
29 | Spain (ESP) | 1 | 5 | 6 | 12 |
30 | South Africa (RSA) | 1 | 4 | 5 | 10 |
31 | Canada (CAN) | 1 | 3 | 15 | 19 |
32 | Lebanon (LBN) | 1 | 2 | 10 | 13 |
33 | Great Britain (GBR) | 1 | 2 | 9 | 12 |
34 | Armenia (ARM) | 1 | 2 | 7 | 10 |
35 | Tajikistan (TJK) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 |
36 | Australia (AUS) | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
37 | Israel (ISR) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
38 | Belarus (BLR) | 0 | 5 | 6 | 11 |
39 | Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 4 | 10 | 14 |
40 | Tunisia (TUN) | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 |
41 | Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
42 | Poland (POL) | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
Venezuela (VEN) | 0 | 1 | 4 | 5 | |
44 | Uzbekistan (UZB) | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
45 | Bermuda (BER) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
Czech Republic (CZE) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Mexico (MEX) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Monaco (MON) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
Morocco (MAR) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
50 | Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
51 | Algeria (ALG) | 0 | 0 | 11 | 11 |
52 | Germany (GER) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 |
Greece (GRE) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | |
Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | |
55 | Jordan (JOR) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
Yemen (YEM) | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | |
57 | Portugal (POR) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
Sri Lanka (SRI) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | |
59 | Afghanistan (AFG) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
Georgia (GEO) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
New Zealand (NZL) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
North Korea (PRK) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Peru (PER) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | |
Totals (63 nations) | 564 | 536 | 733 | 1833 |
The sum total of gold, silver and bronze medals are not equal for the following reasons:
- Sanda events changed from awarding one bronze medal to two bronze medals per event in 1993.
- Occasional none-awarding or sharing of prizes.
- The 1995 rendition had several winners per each prize in taolu events while sanda events only awarded a gold medal to the winner of each event.
Other Notes
- The Soviet Union is considered as a separate entity in the table above.
- Medals from the jiti or groupset event from the 2019 World Wushu Championships are not included above.
- Stripped medals are taken into account in the table above.
Other IWUF Competitions
The IWUF also hosts various international competitions besides the World Wushu Championships. Various continental federations and national organizations host similar competitions as well.
- Sanda World Cup: since 2002
- World Kung Fu Championships: since 2004
- World Junior Wushu Championships: since 2006
- World Taijiquan Championships: since 2014
- Taolu World Cup: since 2016
Although the International University Sports Federation (FISU) is the host of the Summer Universiade and the World University Wushu Championships, the IWUF is the chief organizer of the wushu events at these competitions.[4]
Many competitions including the 10th Sanda World Cup, 8th World Junior Wushu Championships, 4th World Taijiquan Championships, and 3rd Taolu World Cup have been postponed due to the Coronavirus Pandemic of 2020.
Sanda World Cup
An elite-level international competition exclusively for Sanda athletes. Qualification is based on the results of the previous year's World Wushu Championships.
Edition | Year | Host City, Country[5] |
1 | 2002 | Shanghai, China |
2 | 2004 | Guanzhou, China |
3 | 2006 | Xi'an, China |
4 | 2008 | Harbin, China |
5 | 2010 | Chongqing, China |
6 | 2012 | Wuyishan, China |
7 | 2014 | Jakarta, Indonesia |
8 | 2016 | Xi'an, China |
9 | 2018 | Hangzhou, China |
10 | 2021 | Melbourne, Australia |
World Kung Fu Championships
This competition is for the dozens of non-standard wushu events which include a variety of traditional styles. There are several different age groups in each event and this competition brings in the most international competitors out of all IWUF events. In 2004 and 2006, this competition was known as the World Traditional Wushu Festival and was known as the World Traditional Wushu Championships until 2014. Official IWUF judging procedures for traditional events was last revised in 2019.
Edition | Year | Host City, Country[6] |
1 | 2004 | Zhengzhou, China |
2 | 2006 | Dengfeng, China |
3 | 2008 | Shiyan, China |
4 | 2010 | Shiyan, China |
5 | 2012 | Huangshan, China |
6 | 2014 | Chizhou, China |
7 | 2017 | Emeishan, China |
8 | 2019 | Emeishan, China |
9 | 2021 | Emeishan, China |
World Junior Wushu Championships
Edition | Year | Host City, Country[7] |
1 | 2006 | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia |
2 | 2008 | Bali, Indonesia |
3 | 2010 | Singapore, Singapore |
4 | 2012 | Macau, China |
5 | 2014 | Antalya, Turkey |
6 | 2016 | Burgas, Bulgaria |
7 | 2018 | Brasilia, Brazil |
8 | 2021 | Rabat, Morocco |
World Taijiquan Championships
An international competition exclusively for Taijiquan athletes which features optional and compulsory events in several different styles of Taijiquan.
Edition | Year | Host City, Country[5] |
1 | 2014 | Dujiangyan, China |
2 | 2016 | Warsaw, Poland |
3 | 2018 | Burgas, Bulgaria |
4 | 2021 | Catania, Italy |
Taolu World Cup
An elite-level international competition exclusively for taolu athletes. Qualification is based on placing in the top-eight in an event at the World Wushu Championships of the previous year.
Edition | Year | Host City, Country[5] |
1 | 2016 | Fuzhou, China |
2 | 2018 | Yangon, Myanmar |
3 | 2022 | Tokyo, Japan |
See also
References
- "World Wushu Championships". IWUF. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- "World Wushu Championships Keeps Clean Record in First Doping Test". english.people.com.cn. Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- "Results". IWUF. Retrieved 2021-01-07.
- "FISU Wushu". www.fisu.net. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- "Locations of WTWC's". Retrieved 7 March 2018.
- "World Kungfu Championships". IWUF. Retrieved 2020-12-02.
- "World Junior Wushu Championships". IWUF. Retrieved 2020-12-02.