Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa

Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and Sahel (Tuaregs).

By population

PopulationnA/BE(xE1b1b)E-M215F-M89K-M9GIJ1J2R1aR1bOtherStudy
Algeria 156 0 5.7% 52.5% 3.8% 0.6% 0 0.1% 21.7% 0.6% 0.6% 9.6% 4.9% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Algeria/Oran10207.9%51%000022.5%4.9%1%11.8%1%Robino et al. (2008)[2]
Algeria/Algiers3502.9%54.3%11.8%2.9%0022.9%5.7%000Arredi et al. (2004)[3]
Algeria/Kabyles/Tizi Ouzou160047.36 %10.52 %00015.78 %0015.78 %0Arredi et al. (2004)
Algeria/Mozabites6704.5%89.6%001.5%01.5%003%0Dugoujon et al. (2009)[4]
Algeria/Chaoui 218 0 4.6% 84.4% 0.5% 0.5% 0 0.5% 4.6% 0.9% 2.3% 0 1.7% Abdeli and Benhassine (2019)[5]
Tunisia 601 0.1% 1.1% 71.7% 2.6% 0.3% 0.1% 0.1% 16.6% 1.3% 0.5% 2.1% 3.7% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Tunisia/Sousse2200.5%2.3%54.6%000.5%025.9%8.2%0.5%0.9%6.8%Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2015)[6]
Tunisia (immigrants to Italy)520057.7%1.9%1.9%0034.6%3.8%000Onofri et al. (2008)
Tunisia/Bou Omrane Imazighen4005%92.5%2.5%00000000Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7]
Tunisia/Bou Saad Imazighen400092.5%00005%0002.5%Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Arabs462.2%080.4%00008.7%2.2%4.3%2.2%0Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Imazighen470093.6%4.25%2.1%0000000Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Chenini–Douiret Imazighen2700100%000000000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8]
Tunisia/Sened Imazighen350065.7%2.9%00031.4%0000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jradou Imazighen3200100%000000000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Andalusian Zaghouan320043.7%9.4%00043.8%3.1%000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis330066.5%6.0%03.0%024.2%0000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis14802%49.3%4.7%0.7%0032.4%3.4%0.7%6.1%0.7%Arredi et al. (2004)
Morocco 760 0.9% 6% 79% 0.2% 0 0.6% 0.1% 6.3% 1.3% 0 4.4% 0 Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Morocco22106.4%75.9%0.9%1.8%0.9%0.5%5%4.1%04.1%0Fregel et al. (2009)
Morocco/Arabs4900%75.5%000%0%10.2%10.2%000Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Arabs4400%63.7000%0%13.6%2.3%000Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Imazighen 64 0 6.3% 79.6% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14.1% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/North-Central Imazighen 55 0 12.7% 65.1% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.7% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/South Imazighen 35 0 2.5% 85% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12.5% Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco513.9%5.9%54.9%000019.6%003.9%0Onofri et al. 2008[9]
Morocco17606.3%66.7%000013.6%002.8%0Bosch et al. 2001[10]
Morocco/Central8709.8%62.2%000019.5%8.5%000Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[11]
Morocco/Amizmiz Valley333%6.1%90.8%000000000Alvarez et al. (2009)
Morocco/Asni Imazighen5409.3%85.2%00001.9%001.9%1.9%Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Middle Atlas Imazighen692.9%5.7%81.1%004.3%05.8%0000Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Bouhria Imazighen6707.5%79.1%006.0%01.5%1.5%4.5%00Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Sahrawi89020.2%59.6%000020.2%0000Fregel et al. (2009)
Libya21509.5%48.5%004.2%030.5%3.4%0.4%03.4%Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)
Libya1750.60%0.6%44.5%4.6%0.6%1.1%2.0%27.4%6.9%1.7%5.1%4.9%Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[12]
Libya 83 1.3% 38.55% 53% 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt 360 1.3 2.9% 43.7% 1% 0.2% 5.6% 0.5% 20.8% 6.7% 2.1% 5.9% 10% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt1472.7%2.7%36.1%07.5%9.5%019.7%12.2%3.4%4.1%2.1%Luis et al. (2004)[13]
Egypt/Western Desert3505.7%62.9%000031.4%0000Kujanová et al. (2009)[14]
Egypt/Siwa Imazighen9328.0%6.5%12.0%003.2%07.5%6.5%028.0%8.3%Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Egypt(North)442.3%052.3%6.8%2.3%009.1%9.1%2.3%9.9%6.8%Arredi et al. (2004)
Egypt(South)290.0%031%17.2%10.3%03.4%20.7%3.4%013.8%0Arredi et al. (2004)
Canary Islands65201.4%14.1%004%9.7%3.5%10.4%2.8%50.6%0Fregel et al. (2009)[15]
Tuaregs from Libya47042.5%48.9%00000006.4%2.1%Ottoni et al. (2011)[16]
Tuaregs from Mali1109.1%90.9%000000000Pereira et al. (2011)[17]
Tuaregs from Burkina Faso18016.7%77.8%05.6%0000000Pereira et al. (2011)
Tuaregs from Niger185.6%44.4%16.7%000000033.3%0Pereira et al. (2011)
Sahara-Mauritania 189 0.5% 12.7% 66.6% 0 0 0 0 13.2% 0 0 7.4 0.1% Bekada et al. (2013)[1]

By samples from country

Samples over-represent the smaller populations which are usually the subject of genetic studies [18]

Country[1] n A B E-M33 E-M2 E-M35* E-M78* E-V12 E-V32 E-V13 E-V22 E-V65 E-M81 E-M34 F G I J1 J2 K L O P,R Q R1a R1b-V88 R1b-M269 R2 T
Mauritania/Western Sahara189-0.535.296.88-------55.5611.11---13.23-------6.880.53--
Morocco7600.260.662.763.294.210.790.26-0.261.843.6867.370.660.260.660.136.321.320.53--0.26--0.923.55--
Algeria156--0.645.130.641.920.64-0.641.281.9244.231.283.85--21.794.490.64---0.640.642.567.04--
Tunisia601-0.170.50.671.66----33.1662.731.162.660.170.1716.642.830.33--0.33-0.51.830.33-1.16
Libya83---38.55----2.41-4.8245.78---------2.41--6.02---
Egypt3701.35-0.542.433.240.817.031.620.819.192.4311.896.761.085.680.5420.816.750.270.810.270.540.272.162.972.970.546.22

Geographic components for Y-DNA lineages

Component[19] Morocco (n=760) Algeria (n=156) Tunisia (n=601) Mauritania/Western Sahara (189) Egypt (370)
North Africa79%62.5%71.7%66.6%43.7%
Middle East7.6%26.2%19.4%13.2%27.5%
Europe4.4%9.5%2.1%7.4%5.9%
West Africa6%5.7%1.1%12.1%2.9%
East Africa0.9%0%0.1%0.5%1.3%

See also

Notes

    References

    1. Bekada, A; Fregel, R; Cabrera, VM; Larruga, JM; Pestano, J; et al. (2013). "Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape". PLOS One. 8 (2): e56775. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...856775B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775. PMC 3576335. PMID 23431392.
    2. Robino C, Crobu F, Di Gaetano C, et al. (May 2008). "Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algerian population sample". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 122 (3): 251–5. doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5. PMID 17909833.
    3. Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S, et al. (August 2004). "A predominantly neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (2): 338–45. doi:10.1086/423147. PMC 1216069. PMID 15202071.
    4. Dugoujon J.M., Coudray C., Torroni A., Cruciani F., Scozzari F., Moral P., Louali N., Kossmann M. The Berber and the Berbers: Genetic and linguistic diversities. In: Become Eloquent. Edited by J.M. Hombert and F. d’Errico. Ed. John Benjamins. pp 123-146; 2009
    5. Abdeli, Amine; Benhassine, Traki (March 2019). "Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria: estimate of their genetic variation". Annals of Human Biology. 46 (2): 160–168. doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1602166. ISSN 1464-5033. PMID 30939942.
    6. Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. 2015, Sousse: extreme genetic heterogeneity in North Africa, Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 60, 41–49; doi:10.1038/jhg.2014.99; published online 4 December 2014
    7. Ennafaa; Fregel; Khodjet-el-khil; Gonzalez (2011), "Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome microstructure in Tunisia", Journal of Human Genetics, 56 (10): 734–41, doi:10.1038/jhg.2011.92, PMID 21833004
    8. Fadhlaoui-Zid, K., Martinez-Cruz, B., Khodjet-el-khil, H., Mendizabal, I., Benammar-Elgaaied, A. and Comas, D. (2011), Genetic structure of Tunisian ethnic groups revealed by paternal lineages. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21581
    9. Onofri et al. 2008, Y-chromosome markers distribution in Northern Africa: High-resolution SNP and STR analysis in Tunisia and Morocco populations
    10. Bosch et al. 2001, High-resolution analysis of humanY-chromosome variation shows a sharp discontinuity and limited gene flow between Northwestern Africa and the IberianPeninsula.
    11. Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013), Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa
    12. Triki-Fendri et al. (2015), Paternal lineages in Libya inferred from Y-chromosome haplogroups
    13. Luis, JR; Rowold, DJ; Regueiro, M; Caeiro, B; Cinnioglu, C; Roseman, C; Underhill, PA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; et al. (2004). "The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (3): 532–544. doi:10.1086/382286. PMC 1182266. PMID 14973781.
    14. Kujanová, Martina; Pereira, Luísa; Fernandes, Verónica; Pereira, Joana B.; Černý, Viktor (2009). "Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 140 (2): 336–346. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21078. PMID 19425100.
    15. Rosa Fregel; et al. (2009). "Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 181. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-181. PMC 2728732. PMID 19650893.
    16. Ottoni, C; Larmuseau, MH; Vanderheyden, N; Martínez-Labarga, C; Primativo, G; Biondi, G; Decorte, R; Rickards, O (May 2011). "Deep into the roots of the Libyan Tuareg: a genetic survey of their paternal heritage". Am J Phys Anthropol. 145 (1): 118–24. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21473. PMID 21312181.
    17. Pereira; et al. (2010). "Linking the sub-Saharan and West Eurasian gene pools: maternal and paternal heritage of the Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (8): 915–923. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.21. PMC 2987384. PMID 20234393.
    18. http://thegeneticatlas.com/World_Y-DNA.htm
    19. Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775, Table 2. Geographic components (%) considered in Y-chromosome and mtDNA lineages.
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