Yale Bowl

The Yale Bowl Stadium is a college football stadium in the northeast United States, located in New Haven, Connecticut, on the border of West Haven, about 1½ miles (2½ km) west of the main campus of Yale University. The home of the American football team of the Yale Bulldogs of the Ivy League, it opened in 1914 with 70,896 seats; renovations have reduced its current capacity to 61,446.

Yale Bowl
Location81 Central Avenue
New Haven, Connecticut
Coordinates41.313°N 72.960°W / 41.313; -72.960
OwnerYale University
OperatorYale University
Capacity61,446 (2006–present)
64,246 (1994–2005)
70,896 (1914–1993)
SurfaceNatural Grass (1914–2018)
Field Turf (2019–present)
Construction
Broke groundAugust 1913
OpenedNovember 21, 1914 (1914-11-21)
107 years ago
Construction cost$750,000
($19.1 million in 2019[1])
ArchitectCharles A. Ferry
(Class of 1871)
Tenants
Yale Bulldogs (NCAA) (1914–present)
New York Giants (NFL) (1973–1974)
Connecticut Bicentennials (NASL) (1976–1977)
Yale Bowl
LocationChapel St. and Yale Ave., New Haven, Connecticut
Coordinates41°18′47″N 72°57′38″W
Built1914
ArchitectCharles A. Ferry;
Sperry Engineering Co.
NRHP reference No.87000756
Significant dates
Added to NRHPFebruary 27, 1987 [2]
Designated NHLFebruary 27, 1987 [3]

The Yale Bowl Stadium inspired the design and naming of the Rose Bowl, from which is derived the name of college football's post-season games ("bowl games") and the NFL's "Super Bowl".

In 1973 and 1974, the stadium hosted the New York Giants of the National Football League, as Yankee Stadium was renovated into a baseball-only venue and Giants Stadium was still in the planning and construction stages; the team was able to move to Shea Stadium in 1975.

History

Ground was broken on the stadium in August 1913. Fill excavated from the field area was used to build up a berm around the perimeter to create an elliptical bowl. The façade was designed to partially echo the campus's Neo-Gothic design, and, as with some central campus buildings, acid was applied to imitate the effects of aging.

It was the first bowl-shaped stadium in the country, and inspired the design of such stadiums as the Rose Bowl, the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, and Michigan Stadium. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987 for its role in football history.[3][4]

The Yale Bowl's designer, Charles A. Ferry, for unknown reasons chose not to include locker rooms (or restrooms).[5] Players dress in the Smilow Field Center and walk 200 yards (185 m) to the field. When the NFL's Giants played at the stadium (1973, 1974), the pro players disliked the arrangement, but Yale players reportedly enjoy the walk. Fans cheer for the team as it marches to the stadium while the Yale Band plays.[6]

The Bowl's first game, on November 21, 1914, drew more than 68,000 spectators,[7] who watched the Bulldogs lose 36–0 to rival Harvard.[5][8]

In 1958, a new scoreboard was installed; its distinctive clock was arranged vertically instead of horizontally.

During the 1970s, the Bowl hosted several concerts. In 1971, Yes performed on July 24 and the Grateful Dead on July 31, a recording of which was released as Road Trips Volume 1 Number 3. But neighborhood opposition to the concerts brought them to an end after a June 14, 1980, show featuring the Eagles, Heart, and The Little River Band. A picture from the show was published with the vinyl edition of the Eagles double live album, issued later that year, though no recordings from the event are included on the discs. A Paul McCartney concert was scheduled for June 1990, but cancelled amid neighbors' opposition; the show was moved to Chicago.

The stadium has hosted many soccer matches over the years; it served as home field for the Connecticut Bicentennials of the North American Soccer League during the 1976 and 1977 seasons. Yale Bowl was mulled as a possible playing site when the United States hosted the World Cup in 1994, but lost out to Foxboro Stadium in Massachusetts and Giants Stadium in New Jersey.[9]

In 1991, the Bowl's vicinity saw the addition of the Cullman-Heyman Tennis Center, home to the annual ATP/WTA event (the Pilot Pen tournament), across Yale Avenue from the stadium.

On October 5, 2001, the closing ceremony of the Yale Tercentennial was held at the Yale Bowl. Guests included Tom Wolfe '57, William F. Buckley '50, Sesame Street's Big Bird, Paul Simon '96 Hon, and Garry Trudeau '70.

By the 21st century, many of the outside retaining walls and portal entries were deteriorating. In the spring and summer of 2006, the bowl received a partial renovation, including a new scoreboard. The work was completed just in time for the first home game of the Yale football team's season on September 16.

Panoramic view of Yale Bowl. Scoreboard at left. Yale/Cornell football game, September 28, 2019.

Sports

NFL

The New York Giants of the National Football League won just one of the dozen home games they played in New Haven in the 1973 and 1974 seasons. (With the exception of the games played with replacement teams during the 1987 NFL strike, the attendance at the final game at the Yale Bowl is the smallest at a Giants' home game since 1955.)

Date Home Opponent Score Attendance
October 7, 1973New York GiantsGreen Bay Packers16–1470,050
October 14, 1973New York GiantsWashington Redskins21–370,168
November 11, 1973New York GiantsDallas Cowboys23–1070,128
November 18, 1973New York GiantsSt. Louis Cardinals24–1365,795
December 16, 1973New York GiantsMinnesota Vikings31–770,041
September 15, 1974New York GiantsWashington Redskins13–1049,849
September 22, 1974New York GiantsNew England Patriots28–2044,082
October 6, 1974New York GiantsAtlanta Falcons14–742,379
October 27, 1974New York GiantsDallas Cowboys21–757,381
November 10, 1974New York GiantsNew York Jets26–2064,327
November 24, 1974New York GiantsSt. Louis Cardinals23–2140,615
December 8, 1974New York GiantsPhiladelphia Eagles20–721,170

International
Date Teams Attendance
May 31, 1976Brazil  4-1  Italy36,096
May 31, 1992Italy  0-0  Portugal38,833
June 6, 1993United States  0-2  Brazil44,579
May 28, 1994United States  1-1  Greece21,317

NASL (1976-1977)
Date Home Opponent Score Attendance
June 2, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsRochester Lancers2 - 11,853
June 12, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsMiami Toros1-1 (S/O)3,105
June 20, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsChicago Sting2-13,289
June 24, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsSan Diego Jaws1-1 (S/O)1,642
June 30, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsSan Antonio Thunder1-1 (S/O)1,426
July 7, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsWashington Diplomats2-1 (S/O)2,100
July 24, 1976Connecticut Bicentennials Toronto Metros-Croatia4-4 (S/O)4,122
July 30, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsTampa Bay Rowdies0-73,800
Aug. 14, 1976Connecticut BicentennialsSt. Louis Stars2-13,376
May 8, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsNew York Cosmos2-317,302
May 15, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsTampa Bay Rowdies1-41,520
May 29, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsSan Jose Earthquakes3-22,257
June 12, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsFort Lauderdale Strikers0-26,213
June 15, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsTeam Hawaii1-21,295
June 19, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsSt. Louis Stars0-31,222
June 26, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsRochester Lancers2-12,832
June 29, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsLos Angeles Aztecs2-32,915
July 13, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsLas Vegas Quicksilvers4-33,472
July 17, 1977Connecticut Bicentennials Toronto Metros-Croatia0-44,515
July 27, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsSeattle Sounders1-42,169
August 3, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsWashington Diplomats4-11,100
August 7, 1977Connecticut BicentennialsChicago Sting1-1 (S/O)3,215
  • Yale Field - shown here during the 1910 Harvard-Yale game - was the Bulldogs' home until the construction of the Bowl in 1914.
  • A model of the Yale Bowl sold as a souvenir in 1914
  • Yale Bowl during the 1915 Yale-Princeton game.
  • The Yale Bowl from the northwest end 2005
  • Yale Bowl scoreboard. Final score of Yale/Cornell game, September 28, 2019
  • Main entrance

See also

References
  1. Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Retrieved January 1, 2020.
  2. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  3. "Yale Bowl". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved 2007-10-03.
  4. James H. Charleton (December 1985). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Yale Bowl". National Park Service. and Accompanying aerial photo, from 1985
  5. Amore, Dom (November 13, 2014). "Yale Bowl starts big, and 100 years later, it remains special". Hartford Courant. (Connecticut). Retrieved December 1, 2017.
  6. Schonbrun, Zach (2014-11-02). "At Yale Bowl, 100 Years of Tradition, Pride and No Locker Rooms". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 September 2015.
  7. "Greatest football crowd ever, sees big match". The Day. (New London, Connecticut). November 21, 1914. p. 13.
  8. "Yale victim of bad breaks or score might have been closer". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). November 22, 1914. p. 1, part 3.
  9. Hartford Courant: Yale Bowl Loses World Cup Bid
Preceded by
Yankee Stadium		 Home of the
New York Giants
1973–1974		 Succeeded by
Shea Stadium
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