Šid

Šid (Serbian Cyrillic: Шид, pronounced [ʃîːd]) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It has a population of 14,893, while the municipality has 34,188 inhabitants. A border crossing between Serbia and Croatia is located in the town.

This article is about the town in Serbia. For the village in Slovakia, see Šid, Lučenec.
Šid

Шид (Serbian)
Town and municipality
From top: Russian palace, Church of the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos, Church building, Šid train station, Slovakian home in Šid
Coat of arms
Location of the municipality of Šid within Serbia
Coordinates: 45°07′N 19°14′E
Country Serbia
Province Vojvodina
RegionSyrmia
DistrictSrem
Settlements19
Government
 • MayorZoran Semenović (SNS)
Area
 • Town47.30 km2 (18.26 sq mi)
 • Municipality687.07 km2 (265.28 sq mi)
Elevation
98 m (322 ft)
Population
 (2011 census)[2]
 • Town
14,893
 • Town density310/km2 (820/sq mi)
 • Municipality
34,188
 • Municipality density50/km2 (130/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
22240
Area code+381(0)22
Car platesŠI
Websitewww.sid.rs

Name

In Serbian, the town is known as Šid (Шид), in Hungarian as Sid, in German as Schid, in Slovak as Šíd, and in Rusyn as Шид.

History

Šid was firstly mentioned in 1702. At first, settlement was part of Danubian Military Frontier, but since the middle of the 18th century, it was part of the Syrmia County of the Habsburg Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1848-1849, Šid was part of Serbian Vojvodina, and in 1849-1860 part of Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar. After the abolishment of the voivodeship in 1860, Šid was again incorporated into Syrmia County of the Kingdom of Slavonia. In 1868, Kingdom of Slavonia was joined with the Kingdom of Croatia into the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, which was part of the Kingdom of Hungary and Austria-Hungary. Šid was a district center within Syrmia County. In 1910, ethnic Serbs were in absolute majority in the town,[3][4] while other sizable ethnic groups included Rusyns, Slovaks and Croats.

Syrmian Front memorial in Šid

In 1918, the town first became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, then part of the Kingdom of Serbia and finally part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. From 1918 to 1922, Šid was part of the Syrmia county, from 1922 to 1929 part of the Syrmia oblast, from 1929 to 1931 part of the Drina Banovina, from 1931 to 1939 part of the Danube Banovina, and from 1939 to 1941 part of the Banovina of Croatia. During World War II, from 1941 to 1944, the town was occupied by Axis troops and was included into the Pavelić's Independent State of Croatia. The fascist Ustashe regime systematically murdered Serbs (as part of the Genocide of the Serbs), Jews (The Holocaust), Roma (The Porajmos), and some political dissidents. On August 1942, following the joint military anti-partisan operation in the Syrmia by the Ustashe and German Wehrmacht, it turned into a massacre by the Ustasha militia that left up to 7,000 Serbs dead.[5] Among those killed was the prominent painter Sava Šumanović, who was arrested along with 150 residents of Šid.[6] In 1944, Šid was liberated by Yugoslav Partisans and until April 1945, a number of battles of the Syrmian Front campaign were fought near the town. The Yugoslav Partisans mined the local Catholic church during the offensive in late 1944.[7] Since 1944, the town is part of Vojvodina, which (from 1945) was an autonomous province of Serbia and Yugoslavia.

On 5 November 1991, the Serbian government accused Croatian forces of firing 15 artillery rockets into the city, killing four people and wounding 12 in what became the first attack on Serbian soil during the Yugoslav Wars.[8][9] In 2009, Šid was declared mine-free after demining actions to remove explosives dating from the conflict.[10]

Inhabited places
Map of Šid municipality

The municipality of Šid encompasses of town of Šid, and the following villages:

Demographics
Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194832,518—    
195334,679+1.30%
196137,430+0.96%
197138,752+0.35%
198137,459−0.34%
199136,317−0.31%
200238,973+0.64%
201134,188−1.44%
Source: [11]

According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Šid has 34,188 inhabitants.

Ethnic groups

Most of the settlements in the municipality have an ethnic Serb majority. The settlement with Slovak ethnic majority is Ljuba. Ethnically mixed settlements are Bikić Do (with relative Rusyn majority) and Sot (with relative Serb majority).

The ethnic composition of the municipality:[12]

Ethnic group Population %
Serbs26,646 77.94%
Slovaks2,136 6.25%
Croats1,748 5.11%
Rusyns1,027 3.00%
Roma204 0.60%
Hungarians179 0.52%
Yugoslavs152 0.44%
Ukrainians47 0.14%
Macedonians26 0.08%
Montenegrins26 0.08%
Muslims24 0.07%
Russians17 0.05%
Germans14 0.04%
Albanians10 0.03%
Others1,932 5.65%
Total34,188

Culture

Near the Privina Glava village is Privina Glava Monastery. According to the legend, the monastery was founded by the squire Priva in the 12th century.[13]

A museum dedicated to an important Serbian artist Sava Šumanović, and a museum of naïve art "Ilijanum" consisting of more than 300 works of fine art, is located in the municipality.[14]

Economy

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):[15]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing644
Mining and quarrying-
Manufacturing1,760
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply18
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities195
Construction104
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles1,043
Transportation and storage588
Accommodation and food services181
Information and communication129
Financial and insurance activities118
Real estate activities4
Professional, scientific and technical activities282
Administrative and support service activities89
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security858
Education502
Human health and social work activities369
Arts, entertainment and recreation90
Other service activities101
Individual agricultural workers508
Total7,593

Twin towns – sister cities

There are three official sister cities of Šid:

Notable people

See also

References
  1. "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-10-07. Retrieved 2011-06-28.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Ethnic Map" (GIF). Americanhungarianfederation.org. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  5. Korb, Alexander (2010c). "Integrated Warfare? The Germans and the Ustaša Massacres: Syrmia 1942". In Shepherd, Ben (ed.). War in a Twilight World: Partisan and Anti-Partisan Warfare in Eastern Europe, 1939–1945. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-230-29048-8.
  6. Greif, Gideon (2018). Jasenovac - Auschwitz of the Balkans. Knjiga komerc. p. 437. ISBN 9789655727272.
  7. "Obnova crkve Presvetog Srca Isusova u Šidu". Slobodnadalmacija.hr. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  8. Serbs accused Croatia of second attack Reuters, 5 November 1991
  9. Mojsilovich, Julijana (5 November 1991). "Serbians claim fighting spills into Serbia for first time". Associated Press.
  10. razminiranje, HCR - Hrvatski centar za. "HCR - Hrvatski centar za razminiranje". Hcr.hr. Retrieved 2017-08-28.
  11. "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  12. "Population by ethnicity and sex, by municipalities and cities" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2014. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
  13. "Привина Глава « Епархија сремска – српска православна црква" (in Serbian). Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  14. "О Галерији". Галерија слика Сава Шумановић (in Serbian). Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  15. "MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2019" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. 25 December 2019. Retrieved 28 December 2019.
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