Aquaparamyxovirus

Aquaparamyxovirus is a genus of viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae, order Mononegavirales.[1] The genus currently includes two species, including the type species Salmon aquaparamyxovirus, established to accommodate Atlantic salmon paramyxovirus (AsaPV).[2] Fish serve as the natural hosts for AsaPV, in which the virus may cause proliferative gill inflammation.[3]

Aquaparamyxovirus
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Negarnaviricota
Class: Monjiviricetes
Order: Mononegavirales
Family: Paramyxoviridae
Subfamily: Orthoparamyxovirinae
Genus: Aquaparamyxovirus
Species
  • Oncorhynchus aquaparamyxovirus
  • Salmo aquaparamyxovirus

Structure

Viruses of the genus Aquaparamyxovirus produce virions that are enveloped, with spherical geometries. The diameter is around 150 nm. Genomes are linear, around 17 kb in length. The genome codes for 9 proteins.[2][3]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
AquaparamyxovirusSphericalEnvelopedLinearMonopartite

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by attachment to host cell surface receptors through HN glycoprotein. Fusion with the plasma membrane; ribonucleocapsid is released in the cytoplasm. Sequential transcription, viral mRNAs are capped and polyadenylated in the cytoplasm. Replication presumably starts when enough nucleoprotein is present to encapsidate neo-synthetized antigenomes and genomes. The ribonucleocapsid binds to the matrix protein and buds via the host ESCRT complexes occurs at the plasma membrane host receptors, which mediates endocytosis. Replication follows the negative stranded RNA virus replication model. Negative stranded RNA virus transcription, using polymerase stuttering is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding. Fish serve as the natural host.[2][3]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
AquaparamyxovirusFishNoneGlycoproteinBuddingCytoplasmCytoplasmUnknown

References
  1. Rima, B; Balkema-Buschmann, A; Dundon, WG; Duprex, P; Easton, A; Fouchier, R; Kurath, G; Lamb, R; Lee, B; Rota, P; Wang, L; ICTV Report Consortium (December 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Paramyxoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (12): 1593–1594. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001328. PMID 31609197.
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2019 Release". talk.ictvonline.org. International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  3. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 13 August 2015.
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