B.League

The B.League[2] is a professional men's basketball league that began in Japan in September 2016.[3][4] The league is operated by the Japan Professional Basketball League and was formed as a result of a merger between the National Basketball League that was operated by the FIBA-affiliated Japan Basketball Association and the independently operated bj league. The merger had been mandated by FIBA as a condition to Japan having its membership resumed following suspension in November 2014.[5]

This article is about the Japanese basketball league. For the Bangladeshi soccer league previously known as the B.League, see Bangladesh Premier League (football).
B.League
FoundedApril 1, 2015 (2015-04-01)[1]
First season2016–17
Country Japan
ConfederationFIBA Asia (Asia)
Divisions3
Number of teams47
Level on pyramid1
Current championsB1: Alvark Tokyo (2nd title)
B2: Shinshu Brave Warriors (1st title)
B3: Tokyo Excellence (1st title)
(2018–19)
Most championshipsB1: Alvark Tokyo (2 titles)
B2: Nishinomiya Storks (1 title)
B3: Rizing Zephyr Fukuoka (1 title)
PresidentMasaaki Okawa (Chairman)[1]
TV partnersDAZN
WebsiteBLeague.jp
2019–20 B.League season

History

The Japan Basketball Association was formed in 1930 and has operated Japan's top basketball leagues under various names since 1967. Throughout the history of the association, teams have been affiliated with large corporations and players have been employed by their respective owner company rather than competing as professional basketball players. In the early 1990s soccer in Japan moved away from a similar corporate structure and launched the J.League in 1993.[6] The JBA commenced investigating the professionalization of basketball in the same year, and in 1997 lifted the ban on professional players. Despite this, the structure of the Japan Super League remained amateur in nature, with most teams remaining under the control of a corporate sponsor/owner.

In 2005 a rival bj league was launched in competition with the Super League, based on an American franchise system of professional teams. In response, the JBA re-launched the Super League as the Japan Basketball League in 2007, but there was still a mixture of professional and corporate teams in the competition. The JBL was again rebranded as the National Basketball League in 2013. Since the establishment of the bj league in 2005, both competitions rapidly expanded the number of teams, with 45 teams participating between the two competitions in 2015.[7]

FIBA, the international governing body for basketball, grew concerned with the division and disorganization of the sport within the country. After the JBA failed to comply with deadlines to commence reorganizing the domestic leagues, FIBA suspended Japan from international competitions in November 2014. A task force to investigate the reformation of the domestic leagues was formed and Saburō Kawabuchi was appointed co-chairman. In May 2015, upon FIBA's recommendation, Kawabuchi was appointed as president of the JBA.[8] The merger of the two competing leagues into the B.League was announced in June 2015[9] and the international suspension was lifted by FIBA in August.[10] Telecommunications company Softbank were named as the league's top sponsor for the inaugural season in March 2016.[11]

The 2016–17 season commenced with an inaugural match between four-time JBL/NBL champions Alvark Tokyo, who finished on top of the NBL ladder in 2015–16,[12] and four-time bj-league champions Ryukyu Golden Kings, who won the 2015–16 bj-league championship,[13] at Yoyogi National Gymnasium on 22 September 2016.[4] A full round of games involving all other teams commenced on September 24.[14][15]

Season format

The league consists of three divisions, named B1, B2, and B3. For the 2020-21 season, the first division (B1) has 20 teams and the second division (B2) has 16 teams, with a system of promotion and relegation between these two divisions. Each of the first two divisions is further divided into two conferences, East and West. The third division (B3) has eleven teams made up of de facto semi-professional teams.[16]

First Division (B1)

In the first division, each team plays a 60-game regular season schedule that consists of 36 games against teams within their own conference (4 games against each team) and 24 games against teams in the other conference (2 games against eight teams and 4 games against the remaining two teams). Eight teams qualify for the playoffs, which includes the top three teams from each conference, and the next two teams with the best records, regardless of their conference, as wild cards. The playoffs consist of quarterfinal, semifinal, and final rounds, with a best-of-three format in each round. Each round is played at the home court of the team that finished with the higher winning percentage during the season. [17]

Second Division (B2)

In the second division, the regular season will also consist of a 60-game schedule, but with 42 games against teams within their own conference (6 games against each team) and 18 games against teams in the other conference (2 games against seven teams and 4 games against the remaining team). The playoff qualification and match format is identical to the first division: Eight teams qualify for the playoffs, which includes the top three teams from each conference, and the next two teams with the best records, regardless of their conference, as wild cards. The playoffs consist of quarterfinal, semifinal, and final rounds, with a best-of-three format in each round. Each round is played at the home court of the team that finished with the higher winning percentage during the season.[17]

Promotion and relegation

The B.League typically holds promotion-relegation playoffs each year to determine which second division teams will be promoted to the first division and which first division teams will be relegated to the second division for the following season. For the 2020-21 season, it was announced that the top two teams from the second division will be automatically promoted to the first division. Other promotions and relegations will not take place.[17]

Current clubs

In the 2014–15 season, there were 12 teams in the NBL, 10 teams in the National Basketball Development League (NBDL, the NBL's second division league) and 24 teams in the bj-league. All 46 teams sought entrance to the B.League's inaugural 2016–17 season, along with the Wakayama Trians, who withdrew from the NBL in January 2015 due to financial difficulty. Ultimately, all clubs were accepted into the league except for the Trians and the Hiroshima Lightning, who were in their first season as a bj-league expansion club.[18] The allocation of the 45 teams into three divisions was announced in two phases in July[3] and August 2015.[16] In April 2016 the league announced rules regarding official team names, shortened names and abbreviations to be used by the clubs. A list of names to be used by each club in the 2016–17 season was also published.[19] Beginning in the 2020–21 season, the B.League was reformatted to only have two conferences each, East and West, in the first and second divisions.[17]

First division (20 teams)
Conference Team name City, Prefecture Home arena[20] First Year in B.League 2015–16 League
East Akita Northern Happinets Akita, Akita CNA Arena Akita 2016–17 bj-league
Alvark Tokyo Fuchū, Tokyo Arena Tachikawa Tachihi, Komazawa Gymnasium 2016–17 NBL
Chiba Jets Funabashi Funabashi, Chiba Funabashi Arena 2016–17 NBL
Kawasaki Brave Thunders Kawasaki, Kanagawa Kawasaki Todoroki Arena 2016–17 NBL
Levanga Hokkaido Sapporo, Hokkaido Hokkai Kitayell 2016–17 NBL
Niigata Albirex BB Nagaoka, Niigata City Hall Plaza Aore Nagaoka 2016–17 bj-league
Sun Rockers Shibuya Shibuya, Tokyo Aoyama Gakuin University Gymnasium 2016–17 NBL
Toyama Grouses Toyama, Toyama Toyama City Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
Utsunomiya Brex Utsunomiya, Tochigi Brex Arena Utsunomiya 2016–17 NBL
Yokohama B-Corsairs Yokohama, Kanagawa Yokohama International Swimming Pool 2016–17 bj-league
West Hiroshima Dragonflies Hiroshima, Hiroshima Hiroshima Sun Plaza 2016–17 NBL
Kyoto Hannaryz Kyoto, Kyoto Hannaryz Arena 2016–17 bj-league
Nagoya Diamond Dolphins Nagoya, Aichi Dolphins Arena 2016–17 NBL
Osaka Evessa Osaka, Osaka Ookini Arena Maishima 2016–17 bj-league
Ryukyu Golden Kings Okinawa, Okinawa Okinawa City Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
San-en NeoPhoenix Toyohashi, Aichi Toyohashi City General Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
SeaHorses Mikawa Kariya, Aichi Wing Arena Kariya 2016–17 NBL
Shiga Lakestars Ōtsu, Shiga Ukaruchan Arena 2016–17 bj-league
Shimane Susanoo Magic Matsue, Shimane Matsue City General Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
Shinshu Brave Warriors Chikuma, Nagano White Ring (arena) 2016–17 bj-league

Second division (16 teams)
Conference Team name City, Prefecture Home arena First Year in B.League 2015–16 League
East Aomori Wat's Aomori, Aomori Maeda Arena 2016–17 bj-league
Earth Friends Tokyo Z Ōta, Tokyo Ota City General Gymnasium 2016–17 NBDL
Fukushima Firebonds Kōriyama, Fukushima Koriyama General Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
Gunma Crane Thunders Maebashi, Gunma Yamato Citizens Gymnasium Maebashi 2016–17 bj-league
Ibaraki Robots Mito, Ibaraki Adastria Mito Arena 2016–17 NBL
Koshigaya Alphas Koshigaya, Saitama Koshigaya Municipal General Gymnasium 2019–20 NBDL
Sendai 89ers Sendai, Miyagi Xebio Arena Sendai 2016–17 bj-league
Yamagata Wyverns Yamagata, Yamagata Yamagata Prefectural General Sports Park Gymnasium 2016–17 NBDL
West Bambitious Nara Nara, Nara Naraden Arena 2016–17 bj-league
Ehime Orange Vikings Matsuyama, Ehime Matsuyama City General Community Center 2016–17 bj-league
Fighting Eagles Nagoya Nagoya, Aichi Biwajima Sports Center 2016–17 NBDL
Kagawa Five Arrows Takamatsu, Kagawa Takamatsu City General Gymnasium 2016–17 bj-league
Kumamoto Volters Kumamoto, Kumamoto Kumamoto Prefectural Gymnasium 2016–17 NBL
Nishinomiya Storks Nishinomiya, Hyogo Nishinomiya City Central Gymnasium 2016–17 NBL
Rizing Zephyr Fukuoka Fukuoka, Fukuoka Teriha Sekisui House Arena 2017–18 bj-league
Saga Ballooners Saga, Saga Saga Sunrise Park General Gymnasium 2020–21 –

Third division (11 teams)
Team name City, Prefecture 2015–16 League
Aisin AW Areions Anjo Anjō, Aichi NBDL
Gifu Swoops Gifu, Gifu –
Iwate Big Bulls Morioka, Iwate bj-league
Kagoshima Rebnise Kagoshima, Kagoshima NBDL
Kanazawa Samuraiz Kanazawa, Ishikawa bj-league
Saitama Broncos Tokorozawa, Saitama bj-league
Tokyo Excellence Itabashi, Tokyo NBDL
Tokyo Hachioji Bee Trains Hachioji, Tokyo NBDL
Toyoda Gosei Scorpions Kiyosu, Aichi NBDL
Tryhoop Okayama Okayama, Okayama –
Veltex Shizuoka Shizuoka, Shizuoka –

Referees

List of B.League referees

Team Maps

Rules

Foreign players

Each club in the first and second divisions will be allowed up to three registered foreign players, excluding one foreign-born player who has become a naturalized Japanese citizen.[21] Two foreign players will be allowed on the court. Naturalized players can play as Japanese citizens and have no limitations. Each club will be allowed one naturalized player.

In line with Japan Basketball Association regulations, foreign citizens who were either born or raised in Japan and graduated from Japanese elementary and junior high school will not be treated as a foreign player for the purpose of these rules.[17]

References
  1. "組織概要" [Organizational Outline] (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 19 June 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  2. Nagatsuka, Kaz (15 September 2015). "New pro basketball league unveils name, logo". The Japan Times. Retrieved 16 September 2015.
  3. "JPBLの「1部～3部階層分け発表記者会見」について" [Regarding the JPBL's "Division 1–3 Assignment Press Conference"] (in Japanese). Nishinomiya Storks. 30 July 2015. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  4. "B.LEAGUE開幕日・対戦カード決定のお知らせ" [B.League Opening Day Matchup Decided] (in Japanese). 24 May 2016. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  5. "Japan suspended by FIBA". ESPN. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  6. Anthony, Scott (18 July 2010). "How Japan created a successful league". When Saturday Comes. Archived from the original on 9 August 2016. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  7. Odeven, Kaz (3 October 2015). "Size of B. League will present challenges from the outset". Japan Times. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  8. "Kawabuchi becomes new JBA President". 18 May 2015. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  9. Nagatsuka, Kaz (19 June 2015). "FIBA on fast track to fully lift Japan Basketball Association ban in August". Japan Times. Retrieved 28 June 2016.
  10. Nagatsuka, Kaz (9 August 2015). "Kawabuchi welcomes end of Japan's international basketball ban". Japan Times. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  11. Nagatsuka, Kaz (10 March 2016). "Softbank named top B. League partner". Japan Times. Retrieved 8 June 2016.
  12. Nagatsuka, Kaz (12 May 2016). "Alvark, Brex enter NBL playoffs as top teams". Japan Times. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  13. Odeven, Ed (15 May 2016). "Golden Kings bring curtain down on bj-league with fourth title". Japan Times. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  14. Nagatsuka, Kaz (24 May 2016). "Kings, Alvark to clash in B. League opener". Japan Times. Retrieved 3 June 2016.
  15. "B.LEAGUE全36クラブの開幕日・開幕対戦カード2016–17シーズンスケジュール決定のお知らせ" [Announcement that opening day matches for all 36 B.League teams and the 2016–17 season schedule have been decided] (in Japanese). 10 June 2016. Archived from the original on 13 June 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2016.
  16. Nagatsuka, Kaz (14 April 2020). "B. League to realign teams into two conferences for 2020-21 season". The Japan Times. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  17. "Regulation". Japan Professional Basketball League. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  18. "広島ライトニング、バスケの新リーグ参入への道、開かれず" [Road to new league doesn't open for Hiroshima Lightning]. Hiroshima Sport (in Japanese). 16 July 2015. Retrieved 27 September 2016.
  19. "Bクラブのチーム名・呼称・略称決定" [Team names, short names and abbreviations for B.League clubs decided]. 6 April 2016. Archived from the original on 19 May 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2016.
  20. "Arena" [Arena] (in Japanese). Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  21. B.League (20 June 2018). "B.LEAGUE 2018-19 SEASON 競技レギュレーション" (PDF). Retrieved 24 June 2018.
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