Germanodactylidae

Germanodactylidae is a controversial group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. It was first named by Yang Zhongjian in 1964, and given a formal phylogenetic definition in 2014 by Brian Andres, James Clark, and Xu Xing. They defined it as the least inclusive clade containing Germanodactylus cristatus and Normannognathus wellnhoferi, which they considered to be close relatives at the time.[1] However, more recent studies by the same researchers have found that these pterosaurs may be only distantly related.

Germanodactylids Temporal range: Late Jurassic PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Fossil specimen of Germanodactylus cristatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Order:	†Pterosauria
Suborder:	†Pterodactyloidea
Infraorder:	†Archaeopterodactyloidea
Family:	†Germanodactylidae Yang, 1964
Type species
†Pterodactylus cristatus Wiman, 1925
Subgroups
†Altmuehlopterus? †Germanodactylus †Tendaguripterus?

Studies performed in the 2000s suggested this group it contained three genera: Germanodactylus, Normannognathus and Tendaguripterus. Various studies have since placed these pterosaurs within the larger clades Archaeopterodactyloidea,[1][2][3] Eupterodactyloidea, or Dsungaripteroidea,[4] though it has also been recovered within the Ctenochasmatoidea.[5] In several 2010s studies, the supposed "germanodactylid" species were not necessarily found to form a natural group with each other, and even the genus Germanodactylus itself was discovered to be likely paraphyletic, causing one of its component species to be renamed Altmuehlopterus. This would render the name Germanodactylidae synonymous with some other clade, such as Archaeopterodactyloidea or Lophocratia.[3][6]