Government of Russia

The government of Russia exercises executive power in the Russian Federation. The members of the government are the Prime Minister, the deputy prime ministers, and the federal ministers. It has its legal basis in the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the federal constitutional law "On the Government of the Russian Federation".[1] The Apparatus of the Government of Russia is a governmental body which administrates the activities of the government

Government of the Russian Federation
Прави́тельство Росси́йской Федера́ции
Overview
Established12 June 1990 (as the Government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic)
12 December 1993 (current form)
StateRussia
LeaderPrime Minister
Appointed byPresident
Main organCouncil of Ministers
Ministries21
Responsible toState Duma
President
HeadquartersMoscow
Websitegovernment.ru

According to the 1991 amendment to the 1978 Russian Constitution, the President of Russia was the head of the executive branch and headed the Council of Ministers of Russia. According to the current 1993 Constitution of Russia, the President is not a part of the Government of Russia, which exercises executive power. But, the President does appoint the Prime Minister. The Chapter 6 of the Constitution of Russia says, that "The Government of the Russian Federation consists of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation (Prime Minister), Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation and federal ministries".

History

The large body was preceded by Government of the Soviet Union. Since the Russian Federation emerged from 1991 to 1992, the government's structure has undergone several major changes. In the initial years, a large number of government bodies, primarily the different ministries, underwent massive reorganization as the old Soviet governing networks were adapted to the new state. Many reshuffles and renamings occurred.

On 28 November 1991, President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin signed presidential decree No.242 "On the reorganization of the government bodies of the RSFSR". Yeltsin officially declared the end of the Soviet Union and became the President of the Russian Federation. Yeltsin was a reformer and promised Western-styled democracy.

In 1993, the new Russian Constitution was adopted. The new Constitution gained legitimacy through its bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary, the position of the president and the prime minister, and democratic features. These democratic features included competitive multi-party elections, separation of powers, federalism, and protection of civil liberties.

In 1999, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin as the Prime Minister. Later in that year, Yeltsin resigned from the presidency and Putin took over. In 2000 Putin won the presidential election.

The most recent change took place on 21 January 2020, when President Vladimir Putin signed a presidential decree on forming Mikhail Mishustin's Cabinet.[2]

Responsibilities and power

The Government is the subject of the 6th chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. According to the constitution, the government of the Russian Federation must:

  1. Draft and submit the federal budget to the State Duma; ensure the implementation of the budget and report on its implementation to the State Duma;
  2. Ensure the implementation of a uniform financial, credit and monetary policy in the Russian Federation ;
  3. Ensure the implementation of a uniform state policy in the areas of culture, science, education, health protection, social security and ecology;
  4. Manage federal property;
  5. Adopt measures to ensure the country's defense, state security, and the implementation of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation;
  6. Implement measures to ensure the rule of law, human rights and freedoms, the protection of property and public order, and crime control;
  7. Exercise any other powers vested in it by the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws and presidential decrees.[3]

The government issues its acts in the way of decisions (Постановления) and orders (Распоряжения). These must not contradict the constitution, federal constitutional laws, federal laws, and Presidential decrees, and are signed by the Prime Minister.

The Government, also assists the Prime Minister, in faithfully carrying out the country's domestic and foreign policy as determined by the President, in general.

Current Cabinet

PortfolioMinisterTookofficeLeftofficeParty
Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin16 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
First Deputy Prime Minister Andrey Belousov21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister Viktoria Abramchenko21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Deputy Prime Minister – Chief of Staff of the Government Dmitry Grigorenko21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister Marat Khusnullin21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister Alexey Overchuk21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister Alexander Novak10 November 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Deputy Prime Minister Yury Borisov21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Deputy Prime Minister – Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District Yury Trutnev21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Deputy Prime Minister Tatyana Golikova21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Agriculture Dmitry Patrushev21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media Maxut Shadayev21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Construction, Housing and Utilities Vladimir Yakushev21 January 20209 November 2020United Russia
 Irek Faizullin10 November 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Culture Olga Lyubimova21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Defence Sergey Shoygu21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic Alexander Kozlov21 January 202010 November 2020United Russia
 Alexey Chekunkov10 November 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Economic Development Maxim Reshetnikov21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Education Sergey Kravtsov21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Emergency Situations Yevgeny Zinichev21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Energy Alexander Novak21 January 202010 November 2020United Russia
 Nikolay Shulginov10 November 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Finance Anton Siluanov21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergey Lavrov21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Health Mikhail Murashko21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Industry and Trade Denis Manturov21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Internal Affairs Vladimir Kolokoltsev21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Justice Konstantin Chuychenko21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Labour and Social Protection Anton Kotyakov21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Natural Resources and Ecology Dmitry Kobylkin21 January 20209 November 2020United Russia
 Alexander Kozlov10 November 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Science and Higher Education Valery Falkov21 January 2020IncumbentUnited Russia
Minister of Sport Oleg Matytsin21 January 2020IncumbentIndependent
Minister of Transport Yevgeny Dietrich21 January 20209 November 2020United Russia
 Vitaly Saveliev10 November 2020IncumbentUnited Russia

Lists of ministers

See also

References

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