Impact Wrestling

Impact Wrestling (stylized as IMPACT! Wrestling) is an American[9] professional wrestling promotion based in Nashville, Tennessee. The promotion operates via its parent company Anthem Wrestling Exhibitions, LLC, a subsidiary of Anthem Sports & Entertainment.[10]

"TNA Wrestling" redirects here. For the mobile video game, see TNA Wrestling (video game).
For the company's television program of the same name, see Impact! (TV series).
Not to be confused with Impact Pro Wrestling.

Impact Wrestling
NWA: Total Nonstop Action (2002–2004)
Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2004–2017)
Impact Wrestling (March 2017–June 2017, September 2017–present)
Global Force Wrestling (June 2017–September 2017)[1]
FormerlyJ Sports & Entertainment, LLC (2002)[2]
TNA Entertainment LLC (2002–2016)[3]
Impact Ventures LLC (2015–2016)[4]
TypePrivate
IndustryProfessional wrestling
Streaming media
FoundedJune 19, 2002 (2002-06-19) in Nashville, Tennessee, United States
FoundersJeff Jarrett
Jerry Jarrett
Headquarters
3201 Dickerson Pike, Nashville, Tennessee
,
United States
Area served
Worldwide[5]
Key people
OwnersAnthem Sports & Entertainment[8]
(majority owner - 95%)
Dixie Carter[8]
(minority owner - 5%)
DivisionsImpact Plus
Impact Wrestling Home Video
TNA Knockout Music (formerly)

Founded by Jeff and Jerry Jarrett in 2002,[11] the promotion was initially known as NWA: Total Nonstop Action (NWA-TNA) and was associated with the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA), though not actually a member of that governing body. In 2004, the promotion became known as Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), but it continued to use the NWA World Heavyweight and Tag Team championships as part of its agreement with the NWA. After the agreement ended in 2007, the company created its own TNA World Heavyweight and TNA World Tag Team championships. The promotion was purchased by Anthem at the beginning of 2017 and, in March of that year, was fully rebranded under its current name after its main television series.

From its inception, the promotion had been considered the second-largest in the United States behind WWE.[12][13] Impact was viewed by some to have fallen behind longtime rival Ring of Honor in 2017,[14][15][16] with the loss of their U.S. television contract with Spike in 2014, as well as monetary and personnel issues, being noted as factors to their decline.[17] Since 2019, Impact has been thought by many to have recovered, through its sustained international television distribution,[18] and the purchase by its parent company of AXS TV, which subsequently began carrying Impact programming.[19][20][21] Nonetheless, with the formation of All Elite Wrestling (AEW) that year, and that promotion's high-profile U.S television deal with TNT (which is seen in more households than AXS), Impact is still viewed as America's 3rd largest promotion by comparison.[22][23]

History

Formation and early history (2002–2004)
Jeff Jarrett, one of the founders of Impact Wrestling (then TNA), Hall of Famer and six-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion

The concept of TNA originated shortly after World Championship Wrestling (WCW) ended in 2001. Bob Ryder, Jeff Jarrett and Jerry Jarrett went on a fishing trip and contemplated their futures in the professional wrestling business.[24] Only one wrestling product remained on United States national television: the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, later WWE). Ryder felt that this situation led many television stations to regard professional wrestling as bad for business, so he suggested a company not reliant on television, but rather one going straight to pay-per-view.[24] In July 2002, Vince Russo joined Jeff and Jerry Jarrett's NWA-TNA promotion as a creative writer and would assist in the writing and production of the shows. Russo states that he coined the name "Total Nonstop Action", the initials of the company "TNA" being a play on "T&A". The original intention, as they were exclusive to pay-per-view, was to be viewed as an edgier product than WWE.[25]

The Jarretts found the financial backing they needed and the company put on its first show on June 19, 2002. That night, however, in a dark match just before they went on the air, a 450 lb wrestler named Cheex hit the ropes with so much force that one of them broke. The estimated repair time was 30–60 minutes, which they did not have because the schedule called for them to go live in a few minutes, whether the ring was ready or not. Backstage, the producers shuffled the schedule so that some non-wrestling segments went first to give the ring crew some more time, but they did not have many of them. The ring crew fixed the rope with the help of Ron and Don Harris, and everyone went live hoping for the best.[24]

Initially, TNA's weekly pay-per-view show operated as the company's main source of revenue, in place of monthly pay-per-view events used by other promotions. These shows took place mostly at the Tennessee State Fairground Sports Arena in Nashville, Tennessee, nicknamed the "TNA Asylum".

In October 2002, Panda Energy purchased a controlling interest (72%) of Total Nonstop Action Wrestling. Xplosion launched on November 27, 2002, as TNA's first regular cable show and featured exclusive matches taped at the TNA Asylum as well as exclusive interviews with TNA wrestlers.

After 27 months and 111 pay-per-view events, TNA began producing a weekly television show and monthly three-hour pay-per-views.[26] The last weekly pay-per-view took place on September 8, 2004.

Height of popularity (2004–2009)
A.J. Styles was one of TNA's most popular wrestlers during that period

In May 2004, TNA introduced a television program, Impact! (stylized as iMPACT!), produced at Soundstage 21 at Universal Studios Florida and broadcast on Fox Sports Net.[27] The transition included the use of a six-sided wrestling ring,[28][29] the implementation of the "Fox Box" displaying competitors and timekeeping for the match[30] and a generally more sports-like style than the sports entertainment style exemplified by WWE.[30]

TNA's Impact Zone (Soundstage 21) and six-sided ring

With the switch to cable television, TNA discontinued their weekly pay-per-view shows in favor of a monthly 3-hour pay-per-view format as previously used by WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) and as currently used by WWE. In November 2004, TNA held the first of these pay-per-views, Victory Road, beginning the pattern of pay-per-view shows that continued until 2013.

The television contract with Fox Sports expired in May 2005 and was not renegotiated, leaving TNA without television exposure.[31] This prompted TNA to air Impact! via webcasts – originally made available via BitTorrent and eventually via RealPlayer – and on Urban America Television replacing Xplosion.

During this time, TNA continued pursuing a profitable television deal for regular broadcasting.[32][33]

In August 2005, Marvel Toys launched the first line of TNA action figures,[34] which included a six-sided ring and Ultimate X playset.[35]

In September 11, 2005, TNA held its Unbreakable pay per view. Unbreakable is remembered for the three-way match main event for the TNA X Division Championship, between A.J. Styles, Christopher Daniels, and Samoa Joe, which received a rare 5 Star match rating from wrestling journalist Dave Meltzer, the first and currently the only one the company had received.[36]

TNA would later secure a deal with Spike TV and aired its first episode on October 1, 2005. The episode saw Team 3D make their TNA debut.[37]

From the period of 2005 to 2006 many high-profile wrestlers joined TNA, such as Kevin Nash, Rhino, Christian Cage, Sting, Scott Steiner, and Kurt Angle, with Booker T and Mick Foley also joining TNA in the following years.[38]

In October 2006, TNA began holding select pay-per-views outside of its central filming location, the Impact Zone in Orlando, Florida, with Bound for Glory. In April 2006, TNA began a partnership with YouTube, under which TNA supplied YouTube with exclusive video-content in exchange for hosting, leading to the production of internet shows. In January 2007, TNA's mobile-content deal with New Motion, Inc. led to the introduction of TNA Mobile and mobile fan-voting.[39] TNA has also launched "TNA U TV"; podcasts aired through YouTube to help promote the company.[40]

Impact! expanded to a two-hour format on October 4, 2007.[41]

On September 9, 2008, Midway Games released a TNA video game titled TNA Impact!.[42]

On October 23, 2008, TNA made the transition to HD and since then, all programming has been broadcast in high-definition.[43] In addition, TNA introduced a new HD set that included new lighting and several large high-resolution screens.[44]

On June 21, 2009, TNA launched an online video-vault subscription-service where subscribers could watch past pay-per-views by choosing one of three payment options.[45]

Hulk Hogan, Eric Bischoff, and Dixie Carter leadership (2010–2014)
Hulk Hogan (left) and Eric Bischoff (right) were part of creative from 2010-2013.
Under Hogan and Bischoff's tenure, TNA re-branded its flagship program to Impact Wrestling and reintroduced the four-sided ring

In October 2009, TNA President Dixie Carter hired professional wrestling legend Hulk Hogan and former WCW President Eric Bischoff. Both obtained a position behind the scenes (Bischoff was part of creative and Hogan a consultant) and would begin making serious changes within the company including a return to a four-sided ring and moving Impact! to Monday nights directly opposite of WWE Raw beginning March 8, 2010, after a deal was made with Spike TV. Spike TV would keep the original Thursday night slot open for repeats of the Monday night shows. They also hired many high-profile former WWE wrestlers, including Ric Flair, Rob Van Dam, Mr. Anderson and Jeff Hardy.[46]

Before the March 8 debut, however, a historic episode of Impact! would air on Spike TV on Monday, January 4, 2010, which featured the official TNA debut of Hulk Hogan in what would be Hogan's first appearance on a wrestling program after over two years away from the business. The show would also mark the first time in almost nine years that another professional wrestling company would go head to head with WWE. WWE would counter with the return of Bret Hart on that night's episode of Raw. The main event of this Impact saw A.J. Styles successfully defend his TNA World Championship against Kurt Angle.[47]

Dixie Carter was President of TNA from 2002–2017

On May 3, TNA moved Impact! back to Thursday nights after claiming it was what the fans preferred.[48][49][50]

On February 24, 2011, TNA held Impact! tapings at the Crown Coliseum in Fayetteville, North Carolina.[51] On May 3, 2011, Impact! was re-branded Impact Wrestling.[52][53][54]

On November 7, 2011, TNA revealed that Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW) would become TNA's official developmental territory.[55] In December 2011, TNA debuted their new India-based subsidiary promotion Ring Ka King.[56] On May 31, 2012, Impact Wrestling began airing live at a new start time of 8 p.m. EST on Thursday nights.[57] The live schedule would continue throughout 2012.[58] In March 2013, TNA began taping Impact from different venues around the United States and terminated its lease with Universal Studios.[59] On March 14, TNA introduced a new universal HD stage which would be used for all weekly programming.[60] On November 2, TNA ended its relationship with OVW.[61]

TNA formed a relationship with Japanese promotion Wrestle-1 beginning in July 2013 with a meeting between TNA founder Jeff Jarrett and Wrestle-1 head Keiji Mutoh.[62] It was arranged for Jarrett to wrestle for W-1 in October 2013.[63] In November, A.J. Styles successfully defended the TNA World Heavyweight Championship at a Wrestle-1 show in Japan.[64]

From the period of 2013 to 2014, many well-known names or veterans of the company left TNA. Hulk Hogan's contract with TNA expired in October 2013[65] and he returned to WWE in early 2014.[66] In December 2013, A.J. Styles left TNA after his contract expired.[67] Styles later said that he could not accept TNA's new contract offer, which would see him take a 60% cut in pay.[68] Also in December 2013, TNA founder Jeff Jarrett "resigned" from the company.[69] TNA accepted his resignation but clarified that Jarrett was still an "investor" in TNA. In spite of his investor status, the following year Jarrett revealed plans to start a new professional wrestling promotion, Global Force Wrestling.[70] The departures did not stop in 2014, with TNA veterans Sting,[71] Chris Sabin,[72] Hernandez,[73] Christopher Daniels and Kazarian all leaving the company in that year,[74] and the contracts of TNA Hall of Famers Bully Ray and Devon reportedly expired in October 2014, with TNA moving them to the alumni section of their roster in January 2015.[75]

In late July, the TMZ website reported that Spike TV was not renewing Impact Wrestling beyond October.[76] In response, TNA refuted the report, stating that negotiations were still ongoing.[77] On August 14, TNA moved Impact Wrestling from its Thursday timeslot to Wednesday nights.[78] On August 20, TNA signed an extension with Spike TV until the end of 2014.[79]

The 2014 Bound for Glory pay-per-view was held in collaboration with Wrestle-1 in Tokyo, Japan on October 12; the TNA World Heavyweight and the TNA World Tag Team titles were not defended at the event, which featured TNA wrestlers James Storm and The Great Sanada against Wrestle-1's The Great Muta and Tajiri in the main event.[80]

After Bound for Glory, TNA effectively went into hiatus due to Impact Wrestling ending their contract with Spike TV and its subsequent move to Destination America. The show ceased airing new televised events after November 19 episode of Impact Wrestling, with the final episodes of 2014 being dedicated to Best of TNA clip shows, before resuming events on January 7, 2015, with a live show from The Manhattan Center's Grand Ballroom in New York City.[81][82][83]

As revealed in November 2014, TNA ended its relationship with Spike and instead partnered with Discovery Communications to distribute its programming beginning in January 2015. In the United States, TNA programs, including Impact Wrestling, moved to Destination America. Discovery also held rights in selected international markets.[84] Spike's outreach at the time was estimated to be more than 97 million homes while Destination America was estimated to reach 59 million households.[85]

Billy Corgan served as a president until late 2016.

Impact Wrestling premiered on Destination America on Wednesday, January 7 at 9:00 p.m.[86] TNA also started two new shows: Impact Wrestling: Unlocked, hosted by Mike Tenay,[87] and TNA Wrestling's Greatest Matches, a series presenting the best matches in the company's history.[88] From December 2014 to March 2015, several employees re-signed with TNA, including Kurt Angle,[89] Jeff Hardy, Gail Kim, Mr. Anderson, Abyss and Matt Hardy.[90][91] Awesome Kong also re-joined the company following several years of absence.[91] During this period, veteran Samoa Joe and commentator Tazz left the company by mutual consent.[92][93]

On April 27, 2015, Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan joined TNA as senior producer of creative and talent development.[94]

Destination America gained over 41.94 million viewers over the course of 2015's first quarter, making this the channel's best first quarter ever,[95] followed by their best May ever in prime time. In both cases, Discovery Communications touted Impact Wrestling as one of the reasons for the increase in viewers.[96] Despite this success, Discovery Communications dropped Unlocked and Greatest Matches from their programming in May 2015.[97][98]

On November 19, TNA signed a deal with Pop TV to air Impact Wrestling,[99] where it premiered on Tuesday, January 5, 2016, in a live special held at the Sands Hotel and Casino in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. With this move to Pop, Impact Wrestling introduced a new HD set, graphics and theme music. This show saw the semi-finals and finals of the TNA World Title Series, which was won by Ethan Carter III. Husband and wife team Mike Bennett and Maria Kanellis would debut soon after. Subsequent shows would include episodes taped during a tour of England, which would be the last TNA appearances for Kurt Angle. TNA returned to taping Impact Wrestling at the Impact Zone at Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida, beginning with a live Impact Wrestling on March 15. On March 19, longtime TNA wrestlers Eric Young and Bobby Roode left the promotion after 12 years.[100] On April 22, Velvet Sky, another longtime TNA wrestler, left the company.[101]

On August 12, Billy Corgan became the promotion's new President, while Dixie Carter became Chairwoman and Chief Strategy Officer.[102]

On October 13, Corgan sued TNA due to an unpaid debt which Corgan claimed TNA has defaulted on. The state of Tennessee has also put a lien on TNA for unpaid taxes.[103] Anthem Sports & Entertainment, parent company of Impact Wrestling Canadian broadcaster Fight Network, offered to help TNA and repay Corgan for the loans, while also offering additional financial assistance to TNA to help keep them from filing for bankruptcy.[104] On October 31, Corgan lost his injunction that kept TNA from selling the company, but TNA was required to pay Corgan back by November 1. It was possible that one of the other minority owners could pay Corgan, effectively making them the majority owner of TNA.[105]

On November 3, the company revealed that Anthem Sports & Entertainment provided a credit facility to fund operations for TNA and that Corgan was no longer with the company as President.[106] However, Corgan himself stated that neither TNA nor Anthem Sports & Entertainment had yet repaid the $2.7 million debt that was owed to him by TNA[107] and, as such, he was considering suing, as well as converting the debt into a 36% stake.[108] As the result of a settlement between Corgan and TNA, Anthem Sports & Entertainment had acquired the loans Corgan made to Dixie.[109]

Anthem purchase and re-branding (2017)

Anthem Sports & Entertainment purchased a majority stake of TNA, re-organizing TNA's parent company. Dixie Carter retained a 5% minority stake in the company, but resigned as Chairwoman after fourteen years with the company and joined Fight Media Group's advisory board. The promotion's parent company, TNA Entertainment, was changed firstly to Impact Ventures and then to Anthem Wrestling Exhibitions, LLC., with Anthem's Executive Vice President Ed Nordholm becoming President of the new parent company.[6] On January 5, Jeff Jarrett was brought back by Anthem to serve as a consultant.[110]

Bruce Prichard stated that the TNA name was "dead" on March 2, with Anthem re-branding the promotion as Impact Wrestling, after its primary television series.[111] Wrestlers Drew Galloway, Matt Hardy, Jeff Hardy, Jade, Crazzy Steve, Mike Bennett and Maria Kanellis left the company during this period.

On April 20, Impact announced a merger with Jarrett's Global Force Wrestling (GFW).[112] The company subsequently announced that they were re-branding again and taking the GFW name in June,[1] but the re-branding was short-lived as they severed ties with Jarrett that October and they returned to the Impact Wrestling name.[113] During that time, Anthem released a streaming service, Global Wrestling Network, which featured content from to their tape library and other sources.[114]

Don Callis and Scott D'Amore leadership (2018–present)
In December 2017, Scott D'Amore became Executive Vice President of Impact Wrestling alongside Don Callis.

Impact announced their first live pay-per-view of 2018 would be Redemption, on April 22. In December 2017, Anthem announced the hiring of Don Callis and Scott D'Amore as Executive Vice Presidents to take charge of Impact Wrestling's day-to-day operations starting with the January 10 tapings.[115] At the tapings, the company reverted to a traditional four-sided ring and also saw the return of former World Heavyweight Champion Austin Aries, as well the debuts of new wrestlers such as Kiera Hogan, Su Yung, Pentagón Jr., Fénix and Brian Cage.[116] Impact also announced a partnership with live streaming service Twitch to produce content for their platform, starting with Brace for Impact, which was co-promoted with New Jersey-based promotion WrestlePro. Their first live show was Impact vs. Lucha Underground, a co-promoted show with Lucha Underground.[117]

On August 14, 2018, Jeff Jarrett and his company Global Force Entertainment announced that it had filed a lawsuit against Impact Wrestling's parent company Anthem Sports & Entertainment in the District Court of Tennessee for copyright infringement over the GFW rights, as Jarrett owned all Global Force Wrestling properties since its creation in 2014.[118][119]

On December 21, 2018, the company announced that Impact! will be moving to Pursuit Channel beginning January 11, 2019. Anthem holds a minority stake in Pursuit's parent company, Pursuit Media LLC.[120] Then, during its Homecoming pay-per-view on January 6, 2019, the company announced that, starting with Impact's debut on Pursuit on January 11, it would simulcast Impact on Twitch, due to not many pay-TV providers carrying Pursuit.[121]

On March 19, 2019, Impact announced that they had re-entered into an agreement with OVW for the latter to serve as its developmental territory once again.[122]

On May 1, 2019, Impact Wrestling launched Impact Plus, a subscription streaming service, replacing the Global Wrestling Network service [123]

On September 9, 2019, Anthem announced that it had acquired a controlling interest in AXS TV & HDNet Movies.[124] Three days later they announced that Impact! will move to AXS after Bound for Glory in October, and will continue to be simulcast on Twitch.[125] From October 1, 2019, AXS began airing Impact Wrestling programming on Tuesday nights, leading up to the show's premiere on October 29.[126]

On January 12, 2020, Impact held its Hard to Kill pay per view.[127] In the main event, Tessa Blanchard defeated Sami Callihan in an intergender match to win the Impact World Championship, becoming the first female world champion in Impact history.

On January 16, 2020, Impact announced that TNA would return for a one night only event called TNA: There's No Place Like Home.[128] The event was planned to take place during the WrestleCon convention on April 3, 2020, at The Ritz Ybor in Tampa, Florida. The event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

On July 18, 2020, Impact held its Slammiversary pay per view.[129] The event saw the return of several former Impact wrestlers such as The Motor City Machine Guns, Eric Young, Doc Gallows and EC3, as well as the debuts of Karl Anderson and Heath Slater.[130]

Ownership

The promotion was originally formed by the Jarretts under a parent company known as J Sports & Entertainment, LLC.[2]

Panda Energy International purchased a controlling interest (71%) in the company in 2002 from Jerry Jarrett,[131] re-incorporating it as TNA Entertainment, LLC, in the process. In 2012, Panda Energy divested itself of its stake in TNA. Dixie Carter, the daughter of Panda Energy founder Robert Carter, who had been serving as TNA's president, acquired that stake, making her TNA's majority shareholder. Jeff Jarrett departed the company on December 22, 2013, but remained as minority shareholder until his temporary return on June 24, 2015, with the deal for his return including the transfer of his minority stake to Dixie Carter, making her sole shareholder.[132][133][134][135]

According to a report on August 7, 2015, TNA filed a new business name of Impact Ventures, LLC.[3] It was reported near the beginning of 2016 that Aroluxe Marketing, a Brentwood, Tennessee-based marketing agency, had taken a stake in TNA at the start of 2016 in return for providing partial funding, as well as taking over TNA's production operations.[136] It was reported in June 2016 that Smashing Pumpkins frontman Billy Corgan acquired a minority stake in TNA from Dixie Carter, but he had instead provided a loan to Carter.[137][138] Then on August 12, TNA appointed Corgan as the company's new President and the transition of Carter from President to the company's new Chairman and Chief Strategy Officer.[4] It was reported on September 16 by the New York Post that Canada's Fight Network, through its parent company, Anthem Sports & Entertainment Corporation, had taken a stake in TNA.[136] On November 4, Corgan was removed as President,[139] then on November 30 it also reported that Corgan had settled his lawsuit against TNA, with Anthem Sports & Entertainment Corp acquiring the loans Corgan made to Dixie in the process.[109]

In early 2017, TNA would go through a restructuring period that would see an ownership change, with Anthem taking 85%, Aroluxe 10% and Dixie Carter 5%.[8][140] On January 4, 2017, Anthem Sports & Entertainment purchased an 85% majority stake of the company, re-organizing TNA's parent company to Anthem Wrestling Exhibitions, LLC, and Carter resigned as Chairwoman after 14 years in charge, while joining the advisory board of Fight Media Group. Ed Nordholm, Anthem's Executive Vice President, then took over Anthem Wrestling Exhibitions as President.[6]

Shortly after Anthem's acquisition of TNA, it was re-branded to Impact Wrestling. On January 5, Jeff Jarrett was brought back to the company by Anthem as an executive consultant, and later promoted to executive producer and chief creative officer. In April 2017, it was announced on Impact! that the promotion would "merge" with Jarrett's newer Global Force Wrestling promotion. In the lead-up to the Slammiversary XV PPV, Anthem officially announced its intent to acquire GFW to formalize the merger.[110][141] However, after he took an indefinite leave of absence, the promotion later cut ties with Jarrett and had reverted to the Impact Wrestling brand on October 23. The deal for Anthem to acquire GFW was never completed.[142]

Steve Harvey has joined Anthem as an investor following Anthem Sports and Entertainment's acquisition of AXS TV. He is working as a member of the Board of Directors for Anthem Sports and Entertainment, also has a strategic agreement with the company in Content Development and Promotion.[143]

Television and touring schedule

Weekly pay-per-views (2002–2004)

From June 2002 until September 2004, the promotion's original weekly pay-per-view shows took place mostly at the Tennessee State Fairground Sports Arena in Nashville, Tennessee, nicknamed the "TNA Asylum". There were a total of 111 weekly pay-per-views.

Impact! and Xplosion (2004–2013)
Main articles: Impact Zone, Impact! (TV series), and Impact! Xplosion

From June 2004 to March 2013, TNA taped its flagship show Impact! as well as its secondary show Xplosion at Universal Studios Florida's Soundstage 21, which the company dubbed the "Impact Zone". They also aired their monthly pay-per-views from that location until October 2006 when Bound for Glory was broadcast from the Compuware Arena in Detroit.

Initially, TNA worked with Hermie Sadler's United Wrestling Federation in 2005 to create house shows. TNA permitted the usage of the ring and for championships to be defended at these events. TNA started running independent house shows on March 17, 2006.[144] They would continue to work with United Wrestling Federation and promote independent shows at the same time, until 2007. In 2007, TNA first toured Europe, hosting two shows at Porto and Lisbon in Portugal with APW Wrestling. In 2008, TNA wrestlers appeared at Wrestle Kingdom II in Japan. Later on in 2008, TNA conducted its first tour of England, with most shows selling out. The promotion first toured Germany, Scotland and Ireland in 2009, France, Wales and the United Arab Emirates in 2010 and Belgium in 2012.

In August 2007, live-events coordinator Craig Jenkins stated that TNA intended to stage eight pay-per-views and 96 house shows outside Orlando, Florida, in 2008.[145]

In 2009 on TNA United Kingdom tour, a house show at Wembley Arena in London broke TNA's attendance records. On July 2, 2010, MCU Park hosted a live TNA house show, which also broke the TNA domestic attendance record at the time and is currently the most attended live TNA house show in the United States, with a capacity crowd of 5,550.[146]

Leaving and returning to the Impact Zone (2013–2018)

On January 31, 2013, TNA announced that they would tape their weekly show Impact Wrestling in different venues around the United States, with the first live show being held on March 14, in the Sears Centre in Hoffman Estates, Illinois (a Chicago suburb).[147]

On November 21, 2013, TNA returned to Universal Studios due to rising costs of taping Impact Wrestling from different venues.[148] Following the return to Universal Orlando, most episodes were taped there, although some episodes were taped at the Sands Casino Event Center in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania,[149] the Manhattan Center's Grand Ballroom in New York City,[150][151] The SSE Hydro in Glasgow, The Manchester Arena in Manchester, and Wembley Arena in London as part of a January 2015 tour, and, in June 2017, in India, becoming the first major promotion to tape in that country. After Bound for Glory 2017, Impact did a set of tapings in Ottawa.

Return to touring (2018–present)

Following their Redemption PPV, Impact would return to touring, taping from various smaller venues. Impact later sold set items from their soundstage in Orlando.

In 2018, Impact's taping locations included Windsor, Ontario,[152] Toronto,[153] Mexico City,[154] New York City,[155] and Las Vegas.[156]

In 2019, Impact held tapings in Philadelphia, Dallas, New York City, and Houston and has taped in Windsor, Mexico City, Nashville, Toronto, Rahway, Fort Campbell, Owensboro, and Ontario.[157]

Due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, since March 2020, Impact has held its tapings behind closed doors at the Skyway Studios in Nashville, Tennessee.

Partnerships

International

Impact has worked with several international wrestling promotions, with championships from those promotions sometimes having been defended at Impact Wrestling events. Among the organizations Impact has worked with are Mexico's Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) from 2007-2009 and The Crash, Japan's Inoki Genome Federation (IGF), New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), Wrestle-1 (W-1) and Pro Wrestling Noah (Noah). The then-TNA's relationship with NJPW lasted from 2008 to 2011, and included TNA sending wrestlers to participate in NJPW's annual Wrestle Kingdom events, as well as NJPW sending future IWGP Heavyweight Champion Kazuchika Okada on a training excursion to TNA; however, the relationship ended in 2011, when IWGP Tag Team Champions Team 3D were held off of a New Japan tour in favor of appearing on Impact Wrestling and Okada was given a Green Hornet-inspired gimmick,[158] a decision Impact Executive Vice President Scott D'Amore has since apologized for on behalf of the previous regime.[159] On March 2, 2014, TNA collaborated with Wrestle-1 in producing the Kaisen: Outbreak supershow in Tokyo, Japan, where three TNA championships were defended.[160][161] In May 2015, it was reported that the relationship between TNA and Wrestle-1 had ended.[162]

Impact has a working agreement with Mexico's Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA)[163] and in 2018, announced a partnership with Lucha Underground, allowing their wrestlers to appear for Impact on a regular basis. In April 2018, Impact and Lucha Underground co-promoted Impact vs Lucha Underground from New Orleans to a sell out crowd.[164]

National

In early 2006, the promotion began a collaboration with Hermie Sadler's United Wrestling Federation. The agreement permitted UWF to use the TNA logo on posters and signage, as well as to use the six-sided ring with TNA branding. These shows were mainly promoted as 'UWF/TNA' events. The TNA name agreement ended at the end of 2006, as TNA began to promote their own house show events, though UWF still used an unbranded six-sided ring.[165] These events were recorded and released on DVD by Highsports.[166]

Impact Wrestling has also worked with North American independent promotions in various collaborative efforts, such as the original Global Force Wrestling (also founded by Jeff Jarrett), OMEGA Championship Wrestling (owned by Matt Hardy, Jeff Hardy and Gregory Helms) and Evolve Wrestling.[167] More recently Impact has established working relationships with a number of North American independent promotions to co-promote house shows, Twitch specials and Impact Plus exclusives. These promotions include, Future Stars of Wrestling, Smash Wrestling, AML Wrestling, Superkick'd, Border City Wrestling, WrestleCade, Rocky Mountain Pro, Rockstar Pro Wrestling, Wrestlepro, Wrestling Revolver, RISE, Destiny Wrestling, Big Time Wrestling (California), DEFY Wrestling and House of Hardcore.[168][169]

Features

X Division
Main article: X Division
High-flying, high risk moves are a centerpiece of the X Division.

Since its origin, Impact Wrestling has featured a high-flying, high risk style of wrestling known as its X Division. Rather than emphasizing the fact that most wrestlers who perform this style are under 220 lb (100 kg) by calling it a cruiserweight division, Impact Wrestling (then TNA) decided to emphasize the high risk nature of the moves that these wrestlers perform, removing all restraints on its wrestlers, allowing them to perform almost stunt like wrestling moves.

Originally, there was no weight limit on the X Division or its title, though in practice, most of the wrestlers in this division have been cruiserweights, with Samoa Joe, billed at 280 lb (130 kg), Kurt Angle, billed at 230 lb (100 kg), and Abyss, billed at 350 lb (160 kg), being notable exceptions. To further emphasize this point, the slogan "It's not about weight limits, it's about no limits" was used to describe the division.[170] In August 2011, a 225 lb (102 kg) weight limit was introduced.[171] This was quietly repealed in March 2012. Changes introduced in March 2013, including a weight limit of 230 lbs, and making all matches triple threat matches,[172] were repealed in August.[173][174]

Six-sided ring
For much of its history, Impact Wrestling used a hexagonal ring.

From the promotion's first show in June 2002, TNA used a standard four-sided wrestling ring. In June 2004, with the premier of Impact!, TNA switched to a six-sided ring, as occasionally used in the Mexican promotion AAA.[175] TNA used the six-sided ring until January 2010.[176] A fan-voted poll to determine what type of ring the company would use was held in June 2014,[177] and the six-sided ring won.[178] In January 2018, Impact announced that they are returning to a four-sided wrestling ring.[179]

Contracts
See also: List of Impact Wrestling personnel

Impact wrestlers are forbidden by contract from working for other companies with televised wrestling shows, but are free to perform non-televised work for any other independent wrestling promotions, domestic or international, as well as televised events held by foreign promotions that Impact Wrestling is linked to or has a working relationship with (such as AAA and Noah).[180] Many Impact wrestlers perform regularly for various promotions on the independent circuit in addition to Impact Wrestling weekly shows. In 2012, Impact Wrestling (then TNA) changed policy, preventing its talent from appearing at any independent events that are later released on DVD.[181] However, this was later altered due to the lack of TNA shows in late 2014 and many TNA wrestlers appeared at independent events, but were not allowed to appear on any television or pay-per-view tapings. The top Impact wrestlers have guaranteed contracts, but the majority of Impact wrestlers are paid on a per appearance basis.[180] Impact wrestlers are classified as independent contractors and are not offered health coverage through the promotion.[180] As of November 2017, Impact Wrestling contracts give the performers complete ownership over all intellectual property associated with their characters.[182]

Hall of Fame
Main article: Impact Hall of Fame

The Impact Wrestling Hall of Fame was introduced on May 31, 2012, as the TNA Hall of Fame. As part of the yearly process, selected inductees are chosen based on their overall contributions to Impact Wrestling's history.[183][184] On June 10 at Slammiversary 10, Sting was revealed as the first inductee into the TNA Hall of Fame and his formal induction took place at Bound for Glory in October 2012.[185] On June 2, 2013, former TNA President Dixie Carter revealed that the newest member of the TNA Hall of Fame was Kurt Angle, who was officially inducted into the TNA Hall of Fame on October 19, 2013.[186] At Slammiversary XII on June 15, 2014, Angle revealed Team 3D as the next inductees to the TNA Hall of Fame.[187] In 2015, Jeff Jarrett returned to TNA and was inducted into the TNA Hall of Fame. Impact referee Earl Hebner was also inducted. At Bound for Glory on October 2, 2016, Gail Kim was inducted into the TNA Hall of Fame. At Bound for Glory 2018 on October 14, 2018, Abyss was inducted into the Impact Wrestling Hall of Fame.[188]

Championships and accomplishments

Current championships
Main article: List of current champions in Impact Wrestling
Championship Current champion(s) Reign Date won Days held Location Notes
Impact World Championship Rich Swann 1 October 24, 2020 106 Nashville, Tennessee Defeated Eric Young at Bound for Glory.
Impact X Division Championship TJP 2 December 12, 2020 57 Nashville, Tennessee Defeated Rohit Raju at Final Resolution.
Impact World Tag Team Championship The Good Brothers
(Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson)		 1 November 14, 2020 85 Nashville, Tennessee Defeated The North (Ethan Page & Josh Alexander) at Turning Point.
Impact Knockouts Championship Deonna Purrazzo 2 November 14, 2020 85 Nashville, Tennessee Defeated Su Yung in a No Disqualification match at Turning Point.
Impact Knockouts Tag Team Championship
Fire N Flava
(Kiera Hogan (pictured) and Tasha Steelz)		 1 January 16, 2021 22 Nashville, Tennessee Defeated Havok and Nevaeh in the final of an eight-team tournament for the revived titles at Hard To Kill.

Defunct championships
Main article: List of former championships in Impact Wrestling

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