Judaeo-Portuguese
Judaeo-Portuguese, or Lusitanic, is the extinct Jewish language that was used by the Jews of Portugal.
| Judaeo-Portuguese | |
|---|---|
| Judeo-Português | |
| Native to | Portugal, Netherlands, Germany (Hamburg), England, North America, Brazil |
| Extinct | estimated early 19th century fewer than 2,000 users in a limited liturgical context |
Indo-European
| |
| Latin (Portuguese alphabet), Hebrew alphabet | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | None |
Description
It was the vernacular of Sephardi Jews in Portugal before the 16th century and also in many places of the Portuguese Jewish diaspora. Its texts were written in the Hebrew script (aljamiado português) or the Latin alphabet.
As Portuguese Jews intermarried with other expelled Sephards, the language influenced the nearby Judeo-Spanish. Close similarity to Standard Portuguese made Judeo-Portuguese go extinct in Portugal, having survived in everyday usage in the diaspora until the late 18th/early 19th century. Judeo-Portuguese influenced the Papiamento and Saramaccan languages.
Characteristics
Influences from Judaeo-Spanish
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Portuguese | Judaeo-Spanish | English meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
| ay | há | ay | there is |
| Dio | Deus (arch. Deo) | Dio | God |
| manim | mãos | manos | hands |
Portuguese archaisms
| Judaeo-Portuguese | Modern Portuguese | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| algũa | alguma | any |
| angora | agora | now |
| dous | dois | two |
| hũa | uma | a, an, one |
Influences from Hebrew
| Judeo-Portuguese | Hebrew | English meaning |
|---|---|---|
| cados | קדוש/kadosh | holy |
| jessiba | ישיבה/yeshiva | Religious School |
| massó | מַצָּה/matzah | ritual bread |
| misvá | מִצְוָה/mitzvah | commandments |
| ros | ראש/rosh | head |
| rassim | ראשים/rashim | heads |
| rossaná | ראש השנה/rosh hashanah | Jewish New Year |
| sabá | שבת/Shabbat | Saturday |
| sedacá | צדקה/tzedakah | charity |
| queilá | קְהִלָה/qehila | congregation |
| quidus | קידוש/kiddush | blessing over the wine |
| tebá | טבה/tevah | central platform in the synagogue |
See also
References
- Judaeo-Portuguese in Jewish Language Research Center
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work
- Thesouro dos Dinim, a halakhic work
- Menasseh Ben Israel de la fragilidad humana y inclinacion del hombre al peccado. Parte primera
- Strolovitch, Devon L. (2005) Old Portuguese in Hebrew Script: Convention, Contact, and Convivência. Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY.
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