List of Holocaust memorials and museums
A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Holocaust, the Nazi Final Solution, and its millions of victims.
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Memorials and museums are listed by country, as follows:
A - D: Argentina · Australia · Austria · Belarus · Belgium · Brazil · Bulgaria · Canada · China (PRC) · Croatia · Cuba · Czech Republic
E - J: Estonia · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Israel · Italy · Japan
K - O:
Latvia · Lithuania · Mexico · Netherlands · New Zealand · North Macedonia · Norway
P - T:
Philippines · Poland · Romania · Russia · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Africa · Spain · Suriname · Sweden · Taiwan
U - Z:
Ukraine · United Kingdom · United States · Uruguay
Argentina
- Museo del Holocausto de Buenos Aires (Holocaust Memorial Museum, Buenos Aires)[1]
Australia
- Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre (Adelaide, South Australia)
- The Jewish Holocaust Centre (Melbourne, Victoria)[2]
- Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism (Kew, Victoria) Holocaust Memorial[3]
- Melbourne General Cemetery Holocaust Memorial (Parkville, Victoria)[4]
- Sydney Jewish Museum (Sydney)[5]
- Magen Shoah, The Central Synagogue (Sydney)
Austria
- The Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial (Vienna)
- Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria, "House of Names" (Holocaust und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark, Haus der Namen) (Graz)[6]
- House of Responsibility (Braunau am Inn)
- Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial (Mauthausen)[7]
- Learning and memorial site Charlotte Taitl House (Ried im Innkreis)
- Memorial against war and fascism (Vienna)
Belgium
- Kazerne Dossin: Memorial, Museum and Documentation Centre on Holocaust and Human Rights (Mechelen)[8]
- National Monument to the Jewish Martyrs of Belgium (Brussels)[9]
Brazil
- Holocaust victims memorial at Rio de Janeiro – Cemitério Israelita do Caju (sephardic) – inaugurated in September 1975
- Holocaust victims memorial at Salvador – Cemitério Israelita da Bahia – inaugurated in 2007
- Holocaust Museum in Curitiba – inaugurated in 2011 (Paraná)
- Memorial of Jewish Immigration and of the Holocaust (São Paulo) – 2011[10]
Bulgaria
- Jewish Historical Museum (Sofia)[11]
- Dimitar Peshev Museum (Kyustendil)[12][13]
- Monument of Gratitude (Plovdiv)[14]
Canada
- Holocaust Memorial sculpture (Edmonton, Alberta)[15]
- Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre (Toronto)[16]
- The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre (Vancouver, British Columbia)[17]
- Montreal Holocaust Museum
China (People's Republic of China)
- Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (Hong Kong)[18]
- Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum[19]
- "Wall of Shanghai List" and Holocaust Memorial statue (Shanghai)[20]
Croatia
- The Jasenovac Memorial Area (Jasenovac)
- Memorial Centre Lipa Remembers (Lipa, Matulji)
Cuba
- Holocaust Memorial Santa Clara[21]
- Sephardic Center Holocaust Exhibit (Havana)[22]
Czech Republic
- Holocaust memorial (Valašské Meziříčí)
- Pinkas Synagogue/Old Jewish Cemetery (Prague)
- Old New Synagogue (Prague)
- Theresienstadt concentration camp (Terezín)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Moravia (Hodonín u Kunštátu)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Bohemia (Lety u Písku)
Estonia
- Holocaust memorial at the site of Klooga concentration camp (Klooga)
- Memorial at the site of Kalevi-Liiva (Jägala)
France
- Maison d'Izieu mémorial des enfants juifs exterminés (Izieu)[23]
- Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour at the site of the Oradour-sur-Glane massacre[24]
- Holocaust Memorial at Drancy internment camp (Mémorial de la Shoah de Drancy)[25]
- Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Paris)
- Mémorial de la Shoah (Paris)
- Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation (Paris)
- Memorial to the patients of the Clermont psychiatric ward[26][27]
- Memorial at Gurs internment camp[28]
- Royallieu-Compiègne internment camp memorial[29]
- Camp des Milles memorial (Aix-en-Provence)[30]
- Vélodrome d’Hiver memorial (Paris)[31]
- Memorial Museum to the Children of Vel d'Hiv (Orléans)[32]
- European Centre of Deported Resistance Members and Struthof Museum at the former Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp[33]
Germany
- Holocaust Tower, Jewish Museum Berlin
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Homosexuals Persecuted under the National Socialist Regime (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism (Berlin)
- Französische Kapelle (Soest)
- Memorial to the Victims of National Socialist 'Euthanasia' Killings (German: Gedenk- und Informationsort für die Opfer der nationalsozialistischen »Euthanasie«-Morde)[34][lower-alpha 1]
- Stolperstein – Holocaust memorials all over Germany and in 21 further European countries
- Topf & Söhne – Builders of the Auschwitz Ovens. Museum and Place of Remembrance (Erfurt)
- European Holocaust Memorial (Landsberg am Lech)[37]
- Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
- Nordenstadt Memorial
- Wollheim Memorial
- Eckerwald Memorial
- KZ-Transport 1945 Memorial
- Angel of Peace (Mannheim)
- Freight Wagon Memorial
- Forced Laborer Memorial Transit
- European Holocaust Memorial in Landsberg
- Memorial Neuer Börneplatz
- Concentration Camp Memorial Hailfingen-Tailfingen
- Documentation Centre NS Forced Labor
- Memorial in memory of the burning of books
- Memorial at the Frankfurt Grossmarkthalle
- Jewish Cemetery (Anklam)
- "Dejudaization Institute" Memorial (Eisenach)
Greece
- The Athens Holocaust Memorial (Athens)[38]
- Cemetery and Monument for the Victims of the Holocaust – 3rd Cemetery of Athens, Nikea (Piraeus)
- Holocaust memorial outside of the archaeological site of Kerameikos (Athens)
- Jewish Museum of Greece – Shoah Exhibit[39] (Athens)
- Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki – Shoah Exhibit[40] (Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia)
- Monument of the Victims of the Holocaust in the Jewish Martyrs square[41] (Rhodes)
- Monument to Young Jews (in memory of young Jews murdered in the Holocaust) – Pafos Square Athens
- Rhodes Jewish Museum[42]
- Holocaust Memorial of Corfu (New Fortress Square, Corfu)
- Holocaust Museum of Salonica (under construction)
Hungary
- Holocaust Memorial Center (Budapest)[43]
- Dohány Street Synagogue (Budapest)
- Shoes on the Danube Bank (Budapest)
Israel
- Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority (Jerusalem)
- Ghetto Fighters' House (Kibbutz Lohamei HaGeta'ot)[44]
- Beit Theresienstadt, the Theresienstadt Martyrs Remembrance Association (in Kibbutz Givat Haim (Ihud))
- Massuah Institute for the Study of the Holocaust (Kibbutz Tel Yitzhak)
- From Holocaust to Revival Museum (Kibbutz Yad Mordechai)[45]
- Kiryat Białystok Archive and Community Center (Yehud)
- Chamber of the Holocaust (Mount Zion, Jerusalem)
- Ani Ma'amin Holocaust Museum (Jerusalem)
- Forest of the Martyrs (Jerusalem)
- LGBT Memorial to LGBT people persecuted by the Nazis (Tel Aviv)[46]
- The sculpture garden of Holocaust to resurrection (Karmiel)
- Memorial to the Deportation of Jews from France
- Monument to the children in Yad Vashem (Jerusalem)
- Beit Terezin
- Holocaust and Revival Memorial Sculpture, by Igael Tumarkin (Rabin Square, Tel Aviv)
Italy
- Memoriale della Shoah (Milan)
- Museo della Deportazione (Prato)
- Fondazione Museo della Shoah (Rome)
- Museo Diffuso della Resistenza Torino (Torino)
- Museum of Italian Judaism and the Shoah (Ferrara)
- Museo della Deportazione
- Great Synagogue of Rome (Rome)
- Museo Ebraico di Roma (Rome)
Japan
- Holocaust Education Center (Fukuyuma)[47]
- Tokyo Holocaust Education Resource Center (Tokyo)
- Anne's Rose Church (Nishinomiya, Hyogo)[48]
- Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum (Tsuruga, Fukui)
- Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall
- Auschwitz Peace Museum (Shirakawa, Fukushima)[49]
Latvia
- Memorial complex at Rumbula
- Memorial complex at Salaspils
- Museum of Tolerance at the site of Kaiserwald
- Museum "Jews in Latvia"
- Riga ghetto and holocaust in Latvia museum
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Mexico
- The Tuvia Maizel Holocaust Museum (Mexico City)
Netherlands
- The Anne Frank House (Amsterdam)
- The Hollandsche Schouwburg (Amsterdam)[56]
- The Joods Historisch Museum (Amsterdam)
- The Homomonument (Amsterdam)
- The Dock Worker Monument[57]
- The Westerbork camp and information centre (Westerbork)[58]
- Camp Vught National Memorial at Herzogenbusch concentration camp[59]
New Zealand
North Macedonia
Norway
- Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (Oslo)
Philippines
Poland
- Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum (Oświęcim)
- The Oświęcim Synagogue (Oświęcim)
- Bełżec extermination camp (Bełżec, Lublin Voivodeship)
- Ghetto Heroes Monument (Warsaw)[61]
- POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews (Warsaw)
- Eagle Pharmacy (Krakow)
- Radegast train station (Łódź)
- Survivors' Park in Łódź
- Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka, Masovian Voivodeship
- Monument to the Memory of Children - Victims of the Holocaust
- Umschlagplatz Monument (Warsaw)
- Memorial in Palmiry
- Museum and Memorial in Sobibór[62]
Romania
- Bucharest Holocaust Memorial[63]
- Elie Wiesel Memorial House (Sighetu Marmației)[64]
- Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom (Bucharest)[65]
- Holocaust Memorial in Târgu Mures[66]
- Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum (Şimleu Silvaniei)[67]
- Memorial to the Deported Jews of Oradea[68]
Russia
- Holocaust Memorial Synagogue (Moscow)
- Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center (Moscow)[69]
- Formula of Sorrow monument (Pushkin, Saint Petersburg)[70][71]
- Kaliningrad North railway station memorial plaque to Jewish deportees from Königsberg and East Prussia (Kaliningrad)[72]
- Memorial to the Victims of Fascism (Krasnodar)[73]
- Lyubavichi mass murder site monument[74]
- "Ravine of Death" memorial stone (Taganrog)[75]
- Palmnicken massacre monument (Yantarny, Kaliningrad)[76][77]
- Monument at Vostryakovo Jewish Cemetery (Moscow)[78]
- Zmievskaya Balka memorial (Rostov-on-Don)[79]
- National Memorial of the Republic of Belarus
Serbia
- Menorah in Flames sculpture (Belgrade)[80]
- Memorial Park Jajinci (Belgrade)
- Banjica concentration camp (Belgrade)
- Jewish Historical Museum (Belgrade)[81]
- Museum of Genocide Victims (Belgrade)[82]
- Miklós Radnóti memorial (Bor)[83]
- Kladovo transport memorial[84]
- Šumarice Genocide Memorial Park (Kragujevac)[85][86]
- Monument to the victims of the Novi Sad raid[87]
- Bubanj Memorial Park (Niš)
- Crveni Krst concentration camp (Niš)
Slovakia
- Memorial at the Museum of the Slovak National Uprising (Banská Bystrica)[88]
- Holocaust Memorial (Bratislava)[89][90]
- Museum of Jewish Culture (Bratislava)[91][92]
- Holocaust memorial for the Jewish inhabitants of Huncovce[93]
- Holocaust memorial plaque on the synagogue of Košice[94]
- Monument and Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising (Nemecká)[95]
- Memorial to the Victims of the Nováky Forced Labor and Concentration Camp[96]
- Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews at Poprad Railway Station[97]
- Holocaust Memorial at Prešov synagogue[98]
- Holocaust memorial plaque Prešov town hall[99]
- Sereď Holocaust Museum[100]
South Africa
- The Cape Town Holocaust Centre (Cape Town)[102]
- The Durban Holocaust Centre (Durban)[103]
- The Johannesburg Holocaust And Genocide Centre (Johannesburg)[104]
Spain
Sweden
Taiwan
Ukraine
- "Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut[112]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv[113]
- Memorial to the Roma murdered in the Podusovka forest, near Chernihiv[113]
- Ukrainian Institute for Holocaust Studies (Dnepropetrovsk)[114]
- Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center (Kiev)
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kovel at the Bakhiv forest mass murder site.[115][116][117]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kysylyn at the mass grave site[118]
- Memorials to the murdered Jews of Lutsk[119]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol[120]
- Memorial to the Jews of Mukachevo[121]
- Holocaust Museum in Odessa[122][123]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[124]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky[125]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ratne at the mass graves site[126][127]
- Memorial site for the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[128]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska[129][130]
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr[131][132]
United Kingdom
- Beth Shalom Holocaust Centre (National Holocaust Centre and Museum) (Nottinghamshire, England)
- The Holocaust Exhibition and Learning Centre, Huddersfield
- The Hyde Park Holocaust memorial (Hyde Park, London)
- The Imperial War Museum Holocaust Exhibition (London)
- The Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide (London)
- The memorial at the Church of St Michael the Greater, Stamford
- The proposed UK Holocaust Memorial (Victoria Tower Gardens, London)
United States
See also
Related
- List of Armenian Genocide memorials
- List of Holocaust memorials and museums in the United States
- List of Holodomor memorials and museums
Notes
- The German national memorial to the people with disabilities systematically murdered by the Nazis was dedicated in 2014 in Berlin.[35][36] It is located in Berlin in a site next to the Tiergarten park, which is the former location of a villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4 where more than 60 Nazi bureaucrats and doctors worked in secret under the "T4" program to organize the mass murder of sanatorium and psychiatric hospital patients deemed unworthy to live.[36]
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value (help). Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 22 October 2019. - "Monumento a las víctimas del campo del Mauthausen (Almería)". Junta de Andalucía. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
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- Forum för levande historia, www.levandehistoria.se/english. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
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- "Taiwan Holocaust Museum (Che Lu Chien Church)(臺灣Holocaust和平紀念館(車路墘教會))". Tainan Travel. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
- ""Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Tkuma Ukrainian Institute for Holocaust Studies". Институт "Ткума". Retrieved 28 October 2019.
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- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- "Memorial to the Jews of Mukacheve: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Holocaust Museum". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
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- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
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- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Rava-Ruska". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
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- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- "Memorial del Holocausto del Pueblo Judío" (in Spanish). Intendencia de Montevideo. Archived from the original on 22 July 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
Further reading
- Young, James. E (1993). The texture of memory: Holocaust memorials and meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300059915.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Holocaust memorials. |
- Holocaust Memorials — by continents and countries
- Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
- Global Directory of Holocaust Museums
- Memorial sites for Sinti and Roma (in German)
- Remembering the Holocaust 24 Hour Museum
- Monuments and Memorials — historical overview
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