List of Nobel laureates affiliated with Cornell University

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with Cornell University comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of Cornell University who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes are awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Karolinska Institute, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.[1] They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. Another prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributors to the field of economics.[2]

As of October 2020, 61 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with Cornell University. The building pictured is Goldwin Smith Hall.

As of October 2020, 61 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Cornell University as alumni, faculty members and researchers, and 50 of them are officially listed as "Cornell's Nobel Laureates" by the university.[3] Among the 61 laureates, 18 are Cornell alumni (graduate and attendees), 19 are long-term faculty members and 28 are researchers (four overlaps).[4] Subject-wise, the Nobel Prize categories of Physics and Physiology or Medicine account for 23 and 15 awards to Cornell-affiliated laureates, respectively.

Inclusion criteria
Cornell University

The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduates and attendees), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from Cornell, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Cornell but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At Cornell, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.

Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, to minimize controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. To be specific, some award/honor-based visiting positions such as the "Baker Lectureship" at Cornell University are awards/honors without employment-level duty.[5] In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at Cornell University is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years.

The "A.D White Professorship-at-Large (A.D.W Professor)" at Cornell University is an academic appointment which has a definite duration of appointment (six years).[6] This is similar to adjunct professorship instead of usual visiting professorship (note that the University Count considers the A.D White Professors as full-time academic staff).

Some visitors and staff not qualified as official academic affiliates
Laureate Nobel Prize Year Role in Cornell University
Gerhard Herzberg Chemistry 1971 George Fisher Baker Non-Resident Lecturer in Chemistry (1968)[7]
Linus Pauling Chemistry & Peace 1954 &

1962

 George Fischer Baker Non-Resident Lecturer in Chemistry (1937) & Messenger Lecturer (October 1959)[8]

Summary
See also: List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation

All types of affiliations, namely alumni, long-term and short-term academic staff, count equally in the following table and throughout the whole page.[lower-alpha 1]

In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at Yale University (including emeritus staff).[lower-alpha 2] A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).

Category Alumni Long-term academic staff Short-term academic staff
Total: 61 18 19 28
Physics (23)
  1. Arthur Ashkin - 2018
  2. David Thouless - 2016
  3. Douglas Osheroff - 1996
  4. Sheldon Glashow - 1979
  5. Steven Weinberg - 1979
  6. Isidor Rabi - 1944
  1. François Englert - 2013
  2. David M. Lee - 1996*
  3. Robert Coleman Richardson - 1996*
  4. Kenneth G. Wilson - 1982*
  5. Hans Bethe - 1967*
  6. Richard Feynman - 1965
  1. Roger Penrose - 2020
  2. Kip Thorne - 2017
  3. John M. Kosterlitz - 2016
  4. François Englert - 2013
  5. Anthony Leggett - 2002
  6. Carl Wieman - 2001
  7. Robert Coleman Richardson - 1996
  8. Russell Hulse - 1993
  9. Pierre de Gennes - 1991
  10. Brian Josephson - 1973
  11. John Schrieffer - 1972
  12. Hannes Alfvén - 1970
  13. George P. Thomson - 1937
Chemistry (12)
  1. Eric Betzig - 2014
  2. William Moerner - 2014
  1. Henry Taube - 1983
  2. Roald Hoffmann - 1981*
  3. Paul Flory - 1974
  4. Vincent du Vigneaud - 1955*
  5. James B. Sumner - 1946*
  6. Peter Debye - 1936
  1. Joachim Frank - 2017
  2. Richard R. Ernst - 1991
  3. Manfred Eigen - 1967
  4. Otto Hahn - 1944
Physiology or Medicine (15)
  1. Jack Szostak - 2009
  2. Barbara McClintock - 1983
  3. Robert W. Holley - 1968
  4. George Beadle - 1958
  5. Hermann J. Muller - 1946
  1. Charles M. Rice - 2020
  2. James P. Allison - 2018
  3. Harold Varmus - 1989
  4. Robert W. Holley - 1968*
  5. Haldan Hartline - 1967
  6. Herbert Gasser - 1944
  1. Paul Greengard - 2000
  2. Robert Furchgott - 1998
  3. Barbara McClintock - 1983
  4. Gobind Khorana - 1968
  5. Peter Medawar - 1960
  6. Fritz Lipmann - 1953
Economics (5)
  1. Robert Engle - 2003
  2. Robert Fogel - 1993
  1. Richard Thaler - 2017
  1. Dale Mortensen - 2010
  2. Amartya Sen - 1998
Literature (4)
  1. Toni Morrison - 1993
  2. Pearl S. Buck - 1938
  1. Octavio Paz - 1990
  2. Wole Soyinka - 1986
Peace (2)
  1. John R. Mott - 1946
  1. Norman Borlaug - 1970

Nobel laureates by category

Nobel Prize in Physics
No.LaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 George Paget Thomson 1937 Non–Resident Lecturer, 1929-1930 "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals"
2 Isidor Isaac Rabi 1944 B.Chem. 1919

Graduate study 1921–23 (transferred)

 "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei"[9]
3 Richard Feynman 1965 Professor of Physics, 1945-1950 "their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles"
4 Hans Bethe 1967 Professor of Physics, 1935-2005 "for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions, especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars"[10]
5 Hannes Alfvén 1970 Distinguished Professor in Engineering "for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics"[11]
6 John Robert Schrieffer 1972 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1969–1975 "for [his] jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory".[12]
7 Brian David Josephson

Co-recipient with Leo Esaki and Ivar Giaever

 1973 NSF Fellow, 1971–1972[13] "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors, respectively" and the other half to Brian David Josephson "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effects"[14]
8 Sheldon Glashow

Co-recipient with Abdus Salam and Steven Weinberg

 1979 B.A., 1954 "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[15]
9 Steven Weinberg

Co-recipient with Abdus Salam and Sheldon Glashow

 1979 B.A. 1954 "for their contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction between elementary particles, including, inter alia, the prediction of the weak neutral current"[15]
10 Kenneth G. Wilson 1982 Professor of Physics, 1963-1988 "for his theory for critical phenomena in connection with phase transitions"[16]
11 Pierre-Gilles de Gennes 1991 Served on the Cornell faculty as A.D. White Professor-at-Large 1977–1983 and Bethe Lecturer in Physics 1989–1990 "for discovering that methods developed for studying order phenomena in simple systems can be generalized to more complex forms of matter, in particular to liquid crystals and polymers"[17]
12 Russell Alan Hulse

Co-recipient with Joseph Hooton Taylor, Jr.

 1993 Scholar at Arecibo Observatory of Cornell University in Puerto Rico 1974[18] "for the discovery of a new type of pulsar, a discovery that has opened up new possibilities for the study of gravitation"[19]
13 David Morris Lee

Co-recipient with Douglas D. Osheroff and Robert C. Richardson

 1996 Professor of Physics, 1959–2009 "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[20]
14 Douglas D. Osheroff

Co-recipient with David M. Lee and Robert C. Richardson

 1996 M.S. 1971 - Physics

Ph.D. 1973 – Physics

 "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[20]
15 Robert Coleman Richardson

Co-recipient with Douglas D. Osheroff and David M. Lee

 1996 Research Associate, 1966–1967

Professor of Physics, 1968–2013

 "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"[20]
16 Carl Wieman 2001 A.D White Professor[21]
17 Anthony James Leggett 2002 Visiting Professor, 04/1973, 07/1974
Bethe Lecturer, 04/1980
Visiting Scientist, 01/1983–08/1983[22] 		"for pioneering contributions to the theory of superconductors and superfluids"
18 François Englert

Co-recipient with Peter Higgs

 2013 Research associate and assistant professor 1959-1961 "for the theoretical discovery of a mechanism that contributes to our understanding of the origin of mass of subatomic particles, and which recently was confirmed through the discovery of the predicted fundamental particle"[23]
19 David J. Thouless

Co-recipient with Duncan Haldane and John M. Kosterlitz

 2016 Ph.D. 1958 "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter"[24]
20 John M. Kosterlitz

Co-recipient with Duncan Haldane and David J. Thouless

 2016 Postdoctoral researcher 1973-1974 "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter"[25]
21 Kip Stephen Thorne

Co-recipient with Rainer Weiss and Barry C. Barish

 2017 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1986–1992
Visiting Senior Research Associate, 01/1977 – 06/1977
Hans Bethe Lecturer 1986
Yervant Terzian Memorial Lecture, 2016[26]		 "for decisive contributions to the LIGO detector and the observation of gravitational waves"[27][28]
22 Arthur Ashkin 2018 Ph.D. 1952 [29] "for groundbreaking inventions in the field of laser physics" “for the optical tweezers and their application to biological systems”[30][31]
23 Roger Penrose 2020 Visiting Researcher (1968-69)[32][33] "for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity."[34]

Nobel Prize in Chemistry
No.LaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 Peter Debye 1936 Professor of Chemistry, 1940-1952 "for his contributions to the study of molecular structure," primarily referring to his work on dipole moments and X-ray diffraction
2 Otto Hahn 1944 George Fisher Baker Non-Resident Lecturer in Chemistry 1933[35] "for his discovery of the fission of heavy atomic nuclei."
3 James B. Sumner 1946 Professor of Biochemistry/Nutrition 1929–1955; took emeritus status in 1955
4 Vincent du Vigneaud 1955 Professor, Cornell Medical College 1938–1967
Professor Emeritus, Ithaca campus 1967–1974		 "for his work on biochemically important sulphur compounds, especially for the first synthesis of a polypeptide hormone"
5 Manfred Eigen 1967 A.D. White Professor-at-Large
6 Paul Flory 1974 Chemistry faculty, 1948–1957 "for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules"[36]
7 Roald Hoffmann

Co-recipient with Kenichi Fukui

 1981 Professor of Chemistry, 1965–Present "for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions"[37]
8 Henry Taube 1983 Instructor and Assistant Professor(1941-1946) "for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes."[38]
9 Richard R. Ernst 1991 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1998 "for his contributions to the development of the methodology of high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy"[39]
10 Eric Betzig 2014 M.S. 1985, Ph.D. 1988 - Applied and Engineering Physics "for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy"[40]
11 William E. Moerner 2014 M.S. 1978, Ph.D. 1982 - Physics "for the development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy"[41]
12 Joachim Frank

Co-recipient with Jacques Dubochet and Richard Henderson

 2017 Postdoctoral researcher 1972[42][43][44] "for developing cryo-electron microscopy for the high-resolution structure determination of biomolecules in solution"[45]

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
No.LaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 Herbert Spencer Gasser 1944 Cornell Medical College faculty 1931–1934
2 Hermann Joseph Muller 1946 Cornell graduate student 1911–1912
3 Fritz Albert Lipmann 1953 Research Associate, Cornell Medical College 1939–1941 "for his discovery of co-enzyme A and its importance for intermediary metabolism"
4 George Beadle 1958 PhD
5 Peter Medawar 1960 A.D. White Professor[46]
6 Haldan Keffer Hartline 1967 Associate Professor of Physiology, Cornell Medical College 1940–1941
7 Robert W. Holley

Co-recipient with H. Gobind Khorana and Marshall W. Nirenberg

 1968 Ph.D., 1946
Professor of Organic Chemistry, 1948–1966		 "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis"[47]
8 Har Gobind Khorana 1968 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1974–1980
9 Barbara McClintock 1983 B.S., 1923
M.A., 1925
Ph.D., 1927
Instructor in botany, 1927–1931
Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large, 1965–1974		 "for her discovery of mobile genetic elements"[48]
10 Harold Varmus 1989 Professor of Medicine, 2015-Present "for [his] discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes"
11 Robert F. Furchgott 1998 Research Associate (Medicine)/Instructor (Physiology and Biophysics/Assistant Professor Medicine), 1941–1949 "for [his] discoveries concerning nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system"[49]
12 Paul Greengard 2000 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1981–1987 "for [his] discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system"[50]
13 Jack W. Szostak

Co-recipient with Elizabeth H. Blackburn and Carol W. Greider

 2009 Ph.D. 1977 - Biochemistry "for the discovery of how chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase"[51]
14 James P. Allison 2018 Professor of Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, 2004–2012 "for discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation"
15 Charles M. Rice 2020 Adjunct Professor

Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics
No.LaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 Robert Fogel 1993 B.A., 1948 "for having renewed research in economic history by applying economic theory and quantitative methods in order to explain economic and institutional change"[52]
2 Amartya Sen 1998 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1978–1984 "for his contributions to welfare economics"[53]
3 Robert F. Engle 2003 M.S., 1966,

Ph.D., 1969

 "for methods of analyzing economic time series with time-varying volatility (ARCH)"[54]
4 Dale Mortensen 2010 Visiting Professor of Economics (Fall 1984)[55]
5 Richard Thaler 2017 Professor of Economics and the Henrietta Johnson Louis Professor of Management, Johnson Graduate School of Management, Cornell University, 1978–1995[56][57][58][59] "for his contributions to behavioural economics"[60]

Nobel Prize in Literature
No.LaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 Pearl S. Buck 1938 M.A., 1925 "for her rich and truly epic descriptions of peasant life in China and for her biographical masterpieces"[61]
2 Wole Soyinka 1986 Senior Fellow, Society for the Humanities, 1985
Goldwin Smith professor for African Studies and Theatre Arts, 1988-1991[62][63]		 "who in a wide cultural perspective and with poetic overtones fashions the drama of existence"[64]
3 Octavio Paz 1990 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1972-1974 "for impassioned writing with wide horizons, characterized by sensuous intelligence and humanistic integrity"[65]
4 Toni Morrison 1993 M.A. 1955 - English

A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1997–2003

 "who in novels characterized by visionary force and poetic import, gives life to an essential aspect of American reality"[66]

Nobel Peace Prize
NoLaureateImage YearRelationRationale
1 John Mott

Co-recipient with Emily Greene Balch

 1946 B.S. 1888 - Philosophy "Chairman, International Missionary Council; President, World Alliance of Young Men's Christian Associations"[67]
2 Norman Borlaug 1970 A.D. White Professor-at-Large, 1982–1988

See also

Notes
  1. This is because, according to Wikipedia policies on no original research and objectivity/neutrality, it is not possible in Wikipedia to subjectively assign various weights to different types of affiliations.
  2. The table doesn't provide citations or details on entries; for citations and details, see "Nobel laureates by category".

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