List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Cambridge

This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of Cambridge comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of the University of Cambridge who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[1] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[2]

Senate House, the University of Cambridge. As of October 2020, 121 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the university.

As of October 2020, 121 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with the University of Cambridge, and 110 of them are officially listed as "Cambridge's Nobel Laureates" by the university for being "alumni; academics who carried out research at the University in postdoctoral or faculty positions; and official appointments (visiting fellowships, lectureships, etc.)".[3] Among the 121 laureates, 71 are Cambridge alumni (graduates and attendees), and 45 have been long-term academic members of the university faculty or Cambridge-affiliated research organisations. Subject-wise, 37 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physics, more than any other subject. In particular, Frederick Sanger received two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry, in 1958 and in 1980; since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.[4][5]

Inclusion criteria

General rules
The University of Cambridge

The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduates and attendees), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from the University of Cambridge, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Cambridge but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At University of Cambridge, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.

Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, to minimise controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at University of Cambridge is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years.

The official Fellows at various Colleges of Cambridge University are long-term academic staff with teaching/research duties.[6][7] They are thus included in this list. On the contrary, the "Overseas Fellowship" in Churchill College and other similar visiting/honorary fellowships at the Colleges are award/honor-based visiting positions without employment-level duty, which are generally excluded from the list.[8][9][10]

Affiliated organisations

This list does not include Nobel-winning organisations or any individuals affiliated with those organisations. It also doesn't include affiliates of institutions that later merged and became part of the University of Cambridge.

Some of the Nobel Laureates of MRC LMB (but not of the university)
Name Nobel Prize Year Affiliation with MRC LMB
Arieh Warshel Chemistry 2013 EMBO Fellow (1974–1975)[18][19][20]
Roger Kornberg Chemistry 2006 Postdoctoral Researcher (1972–1975)[18]
Andrew Fire Physiology or Medicine 2006 Postdoctoral Researcher (1983–1986)[18]
Robert Horvitz Physiology or Medicine 2002 Postdoctoral Researcher (1974–1978)[21]
Michael Smith Chemistry 1993 Visiting Researcher (1975–1976)[18]
Sidney Altman Chemistry 1989 Visiting Researcher (1969–1971)[18]
Georges Köhler Physiology or Medicine 1984 EMBO Fellow (1974–1976)[22]

Summary
See also: List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation

In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at the University of Cambridge (including emeritus staff). A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).

Category Alumni Long-term academic staff Short-term academic staff
Total: 121 71 45 55
Physics (37)
  1. Roger Penrose - 2020
  2. David Thouless - 2016
  3. John M. Kosterlitz - 2016
  4. Duncan Haldane - 2016
  5. Norman Ramsey - 1989
  6. S. Chandrasekhar - 1983
  7. Abdus Salam - 1979
  8. Pyotr Kapitsa - 1978
  9. Nevill Mott - 1977
  10. Antony Hewish - 1974
  11. Brian Josephson - 1973
  12. Ernest Walton - 1951
  13. John Cockcroft - 1951
  14. Cecil Powell - 1950
  15. Patrick Blackett - 1948
  16. Edward V. Appleton - 1947
  17. George P. Thomson - 1937
  18. James Chadwick - 1935
  19. Paul Dirac - 1933
  20. Owen Richardson - 1928
  21. Charles T. R. Wilson - 1927
  22. Lawrence Bragg - 1915
  23. William H. Bragg - 1915
  24. J. J. Thomson - 1906
  25. Lord Rayleigh - 1904
  1. Didier Queloz - 2019*
  2. Nevill Mott - 1977*
  3. Philip W. Anderson - 1977
  4. Antony Hewish - 1974*
  5. Martin Ryle - 1974*
  6. Brian Josephson - 1973*
  7. John Cockcroft - 1951
  8. Patrick Blackett - 1948
  9. Edward Appleton - 1947
  10. George Thomson - 1937
  11. James Chadwick - 1935
  12. Paul Dirac - 1933*
  13. Owen Richardson - 1928
  14. Charles T. R. Wilson - 1927*
  15. Lawrence Bragg - 1915
  16. J. J. Thomson - 1906*
  17. Lord Rayleigh - 1904
  1. Michel Mayor - 2019
  2. David Thouless - 2016
  3. William A. Fowler - 1983
  4. Abdus Salam - 1979
  5. Pyotr Kapitsa - 1978
  6. Ivar Giaever- 1973
  7. Murray Gell-Mann - 1969
  8. Hans Bethe- 1967
  9. Max Born - 1954
  10. George P. Thomson - 1937
  11. Arthur Compton- 1927
  12. Niels Bohr - 1922
  13. Charles Barkla - 1917
  14. William H. Bragg - 1915
Chemistry (30)
  1. Greg Winter - 2018
  2. Richard Henderson - 2017
  3. Michael Levitt - 2013
  4. Roger Tsien - 2008
  5. Alan MacDiarmid - 2000
  6. John Pople - 1998
  7. Aaron Klug - 1982
  8. Frederick Sanger - 1958, 1980
  9. Walter Gilbert - 1980
  10. Peter D. Mitchell - 1978
  11. George Porter - 1967
  12. Ronald Norrish - 1967
  13. Dorothy Hodgkin - 1964
  14. Max Perutz - 1962
  15. John Kendrew - 1962
  16. Richard Synge - 1952
  17. Archer Martin - 1952
  18. Ernest Rutherford - 1908
  1. Greg Winter - 2018*
  2. Richard Henderson - 2017
  3. Venki Ramakrishnan - 2009
  4. John E. Walker - 1997
  5. Aaron Klug - 1982*
  6. Frederick Sanger- 1958*, 1980*
  7. George Porter - 1967
  8. Ronald Norrish - 1967*
  9. Max Perutz- 1962
  10. John Kendrew - 1962
  11. Lord Todd - 1957*
  12. Francis Aston - 1922*
  13. Ernest Rutherford - 1908
  1. Greg Winter - 2018
  2. Joachim Frank - 2017
  3. Thomas Steitz - 2009
  4. Roger Tsien - 2008
  5. Richard Schrock - 2005
  6. John Pople - 1998
  7. Jean-Marie Lehn - 1987*
  8. Peter Mitchell - 1978
  9. Stanford Moore - 1972
  10. Luis Leloir - 1970
  11. Lars Onsager - 1968
  12. Fritz Haber - 1918
Physiology or Medicine (31)
  1. Peter J. Ratcliffe - 2019
  2. Elizabeth Blackburn - 2009
  3. Martin Evans - 2007
  4. John Sulston - 2002
  5. Tim Hunt - 2001
  6. César Milstein - 1984
  7. Allan Cormack - 1979
  8. Rodney Porter - 1972
  9. Andrew Huxley - 1963
  10. Alan Hodgkin - 1963
  11. Maurice Wilkins - 1962
  12. Francis Crick - 1962
  13. Howard Florey - 1945
  14. Albert Szent-Györgyi - 1937
  15. Henry H. Dale - 1936
  16. Charles Sherrington - 1932
  17. Edgar Adrian - 1932
  18. Archibald Hill - 1922
  1. John Gurdon - 2012*
  2. Robert G. Edwards - 2010*
  3. Martin Evans - 2007
  4. Sydney Brenner - 2002
  5. César Milstein - 1984
  6. Alan Hodgkin - 1963*
  7. Francis Crick - 1962*
  8. Charles Sherrington - 1932*
  9. Edgar Adrian - 1932*
  10. Frederick Hopkins - 1929*
  11. Archibald Hill - 1922
  1. William Cecil Campbell - 2015
  2. Robert G. Edwards - 2010
  3. Paul Greengard - 2000
  4. Edward B. Lewis - 1995
  5. Gobind Khorana - 1968
  6. George Wald - 1967
  7. André Lwoff - 1965
  8. Andrew Huxley - 1963
  9. James Watson - 1962
  10. Hans A. Krebs - 1953
  11. Howard Florey - 1945
  12. Ernst Chain - 1945
Economics (15)
  1. Oliver S. Hart - 2016
  2. Angus Deaton - 2015
  3. Joseph Stiglitz - 2001
  4. Amartya Sen- 1998
  5. James Mirrlees - 1996
  6. Richard Stone - 1984
  1. Amartya Sen - 1998*
  2. James Mirrlees - 1996*
  3. Richard Stone - 1984*
  4. James Meade - 1977*
  1. William Nordhaus - 2018
  2. Oliver S. Hart - 2016
  3. Angus Deaton - 2015
  4. Peter Diamond - 2010
  5. Eric Maskin - 2007
  6. Joseph Stiglitz - 2001
  7. James Mirrlees - 1996
  8. Douglass North - 1993
  9. Robert Fogel - 1993
  10. Milton Friedman - 1976
  11. John Hicks - 1972
  12. Kenneth Arrow - 1972
Literature (5)
  1. Patrick White - 1973
  2. Bertrand Russell- 1950
  1. Mario Vargas Llosa - 2010
  2. Octavio Paz - 1990
  3. Joseph Brodsky - 1987
  4. Bertrand Russell - 1950
Peace (3)
  1. Philip Noel-Baker- 1959
  2. Austen Chamberlain - 1925
  1. Kim Dae-jung- 2000

Nobel laureates by category

Nobel laureates in Physics
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
37 Roger Penrose 2020 M.S, PhD[23]
36 Didier Queloz 2019 Professor of Astrophysics (2013–)[24][25]
35 Michel Mayor 2019 Researcher at Institute of Astronomy (1971)[26]
34 David Thouless 2016 B.A. (1955); Lecturer (1961–1965)[27][28]
33 John M. Kosterlitz 2016 B.A. (1965), M.A. (1966)[29]
32 Duncan Haldane 2016 B.A. in Natural Sciences (1973) and PhD in Physics (1978)[30][31]
31 Norman Ramsey 1989 B.A. (1937), M.A. (1941), D.Sc. (1953)[32]
30 William A. Fowler 1983 Guggenheim Fellow (1954–1955 and 1961–1962); Visitor (1964)[33]
29 Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar 1983 PhD (1933); Fellow, Trinity College (1933–1937)[34]
28 Abdus Salam 1979 B.A. (1949), PhD (1952); Fellow, St. John's College (1951–1956); Lecturer (1954–1956)[35]
27 Pyotr Kapitsa 1978 PhD (1926); Assistant Director of Magnetic Research at Cavendish Laboratory (1924–1932)[36]
26 Nevill Mott 1977 B.S. (1927), M.S. (1930); Professor of Physics[37][38]
25 Philip W. Anderson 1977 Professor of Physics (1967–1975)[39]
24 Martin Ryle 1974 Fellow, Trinity College; Professor[40]
23 Antony Hewish 1974 B.A., PhD (1952); Professor of Radio Astronomy (1971–1989); University Lecturer (1961–1969)[41]
22 Brian Josephson 1973 B.A. (1960), M.A., PhD (1964); Fellow, Trinity College; Professor[42]
21 Ivar Giaever 1973 Guggenheim Fellow (1969–1970)[43][44]
20 Murray Gell-Mann 1969 Overseas Fellow, Churchill College (Spring 1966)[45]
19 Hans Bethe 1967 Rockefeller Fellow (1930–1931); Visiting Professor (1955–1956)[46]
18 Max Born 1954 Researcher, Cavendish Laboratory (1906–1907); Stokes Lecturer of Physics (1933–1936)[47]
17 Ernest Walton 1951 PhD (1931)[48]
16 John Cockcroft 1951 B.A. (1924), PhD (1928); Fellow, St. John's College; Professor[49]
15 Cecil Powell 1950 B.A. (1925), PhD (1927)[50]
14 Patrick Blackett 1948 B.A. (1921); Research student (1921–1923); Fellow, King's College[51]
13 Edward V. Appleton 1947 B.A. (1913), M.A. (1914); Professor[52]
12 George P. Thomson 1937 B.A.; Professor; Fellow and Lecturer, Corpus Christi College[53]
11 James Chadwick 1935 PhD (1921); Fellow (1921–1935) and Master (1948–1962), Gonville and Caius College[54]
10 Paul Dirac 1933 PhD (1926); Fellow, St. John's College; Lucasian Professor of Mathematics (1932–1969)[55]
9 Owen Richardson 1928 B.A. (1900), M.A. (1904); Fellow, Trinity College[56][57]
8 Charles T. R. Wilson 1927 B.A. (1892); Professor[58]
7 Arthur Compton 1927 National Research Council (NRC) Fellow (1919–1920)[59]
6 Niels Bohr 1922 Postdoctoral Researcher (1911–1912)[60]
5 Charles Barkla 1917 Researcher in Cavendish Laboratory (1899–1900)[61]
4 Lawrence Bragg 1915 B.A. (1912), PhD; Professor[62]
3 William H. Bragg 1915 B.A. (1885); Researcher[63]
2 J. J. Thomson 1906 B.A.; Fellow, Trinity College; Professor[64]
1 Lord Rayleigh 1904 B.A. (1865); Fellow, Trinity College; Professor[65]

Nobel laureates in Chemistry
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
30 Greg Winter 2018 B.A (1973), PhD (1976); Fellow, Trinity College; Postdoctoral Researcher[66]
29 Richard Henderson 2017 PhD (1969); Fellow, Darwin College[67]
30 Joachim Frank 2017 Senior Research Assistant (1973–1975)[68]
27 Michael Levitt 2013 PhD (1971)[69]
26 Thomas Steitz[Note 1] 2009 MRC LMB Postdoctoral Researcher (1967–1970)[Note 1][18][70][71]
25 Venki Ramakrishnan 2009 Fellow, Trinity College[72]
24 Roger Tsien 2008 PhD (1977); Postdoctoral Researcher[73]
23 Richard Schrock 2005 Postdoctoral Researcher[74]
22 Alan MacDiarmid 2000 PhD (1955)[75]
21 John Pople 1998 B.A (1946), PhD (1951); Lecturer[76]
20 John E. Walker 1997 Director of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Mitochondria Biology Unit (MBU)[77]
19 Jean-Marie Lehn 1987 Alexander Todd Visiting Professor of Chemistry (1984)[78][79]
18 Aaron Klug 1982 PhD (1953); Professor[80]
Frederick Sanger* 1980 B.A (1939), PhD; Professor[5] (*Another Nobel Chemistry Prize in 1958)
17 Walter Gilbert 1980 PhD (1957)[81]
16 Peter D. Mitchell 1978 B.A, PhD (1951); Demonstrator (1950–1955)[82]
15 Stanford Moore 1972 Visitor (6 months)[83]
14 Luis Leloir 1970 Researcher (1936)[84][85]
13 Lars Onsager 1968 Fulbright Scholar (1951–1952)[86][87]
12 George Porter 1967 PhD (1949); Fellow, Emmanuel College[88][89]
11 Ronald Norrish 1967 B.A, PhD; Professor[90]
10 Dorothy Hodgkin 1964 PhD (1937)[91]
9 Max Perutz 1962 PhD; Founder of MRC LMB[92]
8 John Kendrew 1962 B.A (1939), PhD (1949)[17]
7 Frederick Sanger* 1958 B.A (1939), PhD; Professor[5] (*Another Nobel Chemistry Prize in 1980)
6 Alexander R. Todd 1957 Professor; Fellow, Christ's College[93]
5 Richard Synge 1952 B.A (1936), PhD (1941)[94]
4 Archer Martin 1952 B.A (1932)[95]
3 Francis Aston 1922 Fellow, Trinity College[96]
2 Fritz Haber 1918 Visitor (2 months, 1933), hosted by Sir William Pope[97][98]
1 Ernest Rutherford 1908 B.A (1897); Cavendish Professor of Physics[99]

Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
31 Peter J. Ratcliffe 2019 M.B, M.D[100]
30 William Cecil Campbell 2015 Visiting Researcher (in the laboratory of Lawson Soulsby)[101]
29 John Gurdon 2012 Professor[102]
28 Robert G. Edwards 2010 Professor; Ford Research Fellow (1963)[103]
27 Elizabeth Blackburn 2009 PhD (1975)[104]
26 Martin Evans 2007 B.A (1963); Fellow, St Edmund's College[105]
25 John Sulston 2002 B.A (1963), PhD (1966)[106]
24 Sydney Brenner 2002 Senior Fellow, King's College[107][108]
23 Tim Hunt 2001 B.A (1964), PhD (1968)[109]
22 Paul Greengard 2000 Postdoctoral Researcher (1954-1955)[110]
21 Edward B. Lewis 1995 Rockefeller Fellow (1947–1948)[111]
20 César Milstein 1984 PhD (1960); Fellow, Darwin College[112][113]
19 Allan Cormack 1979 Graduate attendee (1947–1950)[114]
18 Rodney Porter 1972 PhD (1948)[115]
17 Gobind Khorana 1968 Postdoctoral Researcher (1950–1952)[116]
16 George Wald 1967 Guggenheim Fellow (1963–1964)[117][118][119]
15 André Lwoff 1965 Rockefeller Fellow (1936)[120]
14 Andrew Huxley 1963 B.A (1938), M.A (1945); Research Fellow, Trinity College[121][122]
13 Alan Hodgkin 1963 B.S (1936); Professor[123]
12 Maurice Wilkins 1962 B.A (1938)[124]
11 James Watson 1962 Researcher in Cavendish Laboratory (1951–1953)[125]
10 Francis Crick 1962 PhD; Founder of MRC LMB[126]
9 Hans A. Krebs 1953 Rockefeller Fellow (1933); Demonstrator of Biochemistry (1934)[127]
8 Howard Florey 1945 PhD (1927); Lecturer in Special Pathology[128]
7 Ernst Chain 1945 Researcher (1933–1935)[129]
6 Albert Szent-Györgyi 1937 PhD (1927)[130][131]
5 Henry H. Dale 1936 B.S (1903), M.D (1909)[132]
4 Charles Sherrington 1932 B.A (1885), M.B (1885)[133]
3 Edgar Adrian 1932 B.A (1911); Professor[134]
2 Frederick Hopkins 1929 Professor; Fellow and Tutor, Emmanuel College[135]
1 Archibald Hill 1922 B.A (1907); Professor[136]

Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
15 William Nordhaus 2018 Senior Visitor (1970–1971)[137]
14 Oliver S. Hart 2016 B.A (1969); Assistant Lecturer and then Lecturer (1975–1980)[138]
13 Angus Deaton 2015 B.A (1967), PhD (1974); Overseas Fellow, Churchill College[139]
12 Peter Diamond 2010 Overseas Fellow, Churchill College (1965–1966)[140]
11 Eric Maskin 2007 Research Fellow, Jesus College (1976–77); Overseas Fellow, Churchill College (1980–82); Visiting Overseas Fellow, St. John's College (1987–88)[141]
10 Joseph Stiglitz 2001 Graduate attendee; Tapp Research Fellow (1966–1970)[142]
9 Amartya Sen 1998 B.A (1955), PhD (1959); Professor[143]
8 James Mirrlees 1996 PhD (1963); Professor; Lecturer[144]
7 Douglass North 1993 Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions (1981–1982)[145]
6 Robert Fogel 1993 Pitt Professor of American History and Institutions (1975)[146]
5 Richard Stone 1984 B.A (1935), M.A; Professor[147]
4 James Meade 1977 Professor; Senior Research Fellow, Christ's College[148]
3 Milton Friedman 1976 Fulbright Scholar (1953–1954)[149]
2 John Hicks 1972 Lecturer; Fellow, Gonville and Caius College (1935–1938)[150]
1 Kenneth Arrow 1972 Overseas Fellow, Churchill College (1963, 1970, 1973, 1986)[151][152]

Nobel laureates in Literature
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
5 Mario Vargas Llosa 2010 Simón Bolívar Professor (1977–1978)[153]
4 Octavio Paz 1990 Simón Bolívar Professor (1969–1970)[153]
3 Joseph Brodsky 1987 Visiting Fellow and Poet-in-Residence, Clare Hall (1977–1978)[154][155]
2 Patrick White 1973 B.A (1935)[156]
1 Bertrand Russell 1950 B.A (1893); Lecturer, Trinity College[157]

Nobel Peace Prize laureates
No. Name Year Affiliation with University of Cambridge
3 Kim Dae-jung 2000 Visiting Fellow, Clare Hall (January to June, 1993)[158][159]
2 Philip Noel-Baker 1959 B.A (1912), M.A[160]
1 Austen Chamberlain 1925 B.A, M.A[161][162]

See also

Notes
  1. Although Thomas Steitz is known to have been affiliated with MRC LMB and LMB's affiliates are generally not counted as affiliates of the University starting 28 May 1962, he is included in this list for now because both the Nobel Prize official website and the University of Cambridge official count suggest he had connections with the University. However, Thomas Steitz may be excluded from the list in the future once the connections are confirmed to be unofficial.

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