List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley
This list of Nobel laureates affiliated with the University of California, Berkeley comprehensively shows the alumni, faculty members as well as researchers of the University of California, Berkeley who were awarded the Nobel Prize or the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. The Nobel Prizes, established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, are awarded to individuals who make outstanding contributions in the fields of Chemistry, Literature, Peace, Physics, and Physiology or Medicine.[2] An associated prize, the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel (commonly known as the Nobel Prize in Economics), was instituted by Sweden's central bank, Sveriges Riksbank, in 1968 and first awarded in 1969.[3]
As of October 2020, 110 Nobel laureates have been affiliated with UC Berkeley, and 50 of them are officially listed as "Berkeley's Nobel Laureates" by UC Berkeley for being graduates (obtained degrees), current faculty members, or deceased faculty who retired at Berkeley.[4][5] Among the 110 laureates, 82 are Nobel laureates in natural sciences;[lower-alpha 1] 34 are Berkeley alumni (graduates and attendees), and 42 have been long-term academic members of the Berkeley faculty or Berkeley-affiliated research organizations; and subject-wise, 34 laureates have won the Nobel Prize in Physics, more than any other subject.[lower-alpha 2] In addition, Linus Pauling is the only UC Berkeley-affiliated Nobel laureate (Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry, 1929–1934)[6] to win two Nobel prizes: he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 and the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962;[7] since this is a list of laureates, not prizes, he is counted only once.
Inclusion criteria
General rules
The university affiliations in this list are all official academic affiliations such as degree programs and official academic employment. Non-academic affiliations such as advisory committee and administrative staff are generally excluded. The official academic affiliations fall into three categories: 1) Alumni (graduates and attendees), 2) Long-term Academic Staff, and 3) Short-term Academic Staff. Graduates are defined as those who hold Bachelor's, Master's, Doctorate, or equivalent degrees from Berkeley, while attendees are those who formally enrolled in a degree program at Berkeley but did not complete the program; thus, honorary degrees, posthumous degrees, summer attendees, exchange students, and auditing students are excluded. The category of "Long-term Academic Staff" consists of tenure/tenure-track and equivalent academic positions, while that of "Short-term Academic Staff" consists of lecturers (without tenure), postdoctoral researchers (postdocs), visiting professors/scholars (visitors), and equivalent academic positions. At Berkeley, the specific academic title solely determines the type of affiliation, regardless of the actual time the position was held by a laureate.
Further explanations on "visitors" under "Short-term Academic Staff" are presented as follows. 1) All informal or personal visits are excluded from the list; 2) all employment-based visiting positions, which carry teaching/research duties, are included as affiliations in the list; 3) as for award/honor-based visiting positions, to minimize controversy this list takes a conservative view and includes the positions as affiliations only if the laureates were required to assume employment-level duty (teaching/research) or the laureates specifically classified the visiting positions as "affiliation" or similar in reliable sources such as their curriculum vita. To be specific, some award/honor-based visiting positions such as the "Charles M. and Martha Hitchcock Lectureship" at UC Berkeley are awards/honors without employment-level duty.[8] In particular, attending meetings and giving public lectures, talks or non-curricular seminars at UC Berkeley is not a form of employment-level duty. Finally, summer visitors are generally excluded from the list unless summer work yielded significant end products such as research publications and components of Nobel-winning work, since summer terms are not part of formal academic years; the same rule applies to UC Berkeley Extension.
Name | Nobel Prize | Year | Role in University of California, Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
John Gurdon | Physiology or Medicine | 2012 | 2006 Hitchcock Lecturer |
Irwin Rose | Chemistry | 2004 | Possible attendee and visitor (positions unclear, and will not be included for now)[9][10] |
James Heckman | Economics | 2000 | 1974 Summer researcher[11] |
Hans Bethe | Physics | 1967 | 1942 Summer researcher[12] |
George Wald | Physiology or Medicine | 1967 | 1956 Summer researcher[13] |
Joshua Lederberg | Physiology or Medicine | 1958 | 1950 Summer researcher[14] |
Alexander R. Todd | Chemistry | 1957 | 1957 Hitchcock Lecturer[15][16] |
Peter Debye | Chemistry | 1936 | 1932 Hitchcock Lecturer |
Irving Langmuir | Chemistry | 1932 | 1946 Hitchcock Lecturer |
Ernest Rutherford | Chemistry | 1908 | 1901 Summer school lecturer[17] |
William Ramsay | Chemistry | 1904 | 1904 Summer school lecturer[18] |
Svante A. Arrhenius | Chemistry | 1903 | 1904 Summer school lecturer[19] |
Affiliated organizations
This list does not include Nobel-winning organizations or any individuals affiliated with those organizations. It also doesn't include affiliates of institutions that later merged and became part of the University of California, Berkeley.
- Nobel laureates who were official academic affiliates of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) before 1971 are included in the following list. The Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory was established by Ernest Lawrence in 1931. It was called the "University of California Radiation Laboratory" in the beginning, and shortly after Ernest Lawrence passed away in 1958, the lab was renamed as the "Ernest O. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory".[20] In 1952, Lawrence Radiation Lab established a branch in Livermore, California. The entire Lawrence Radiation Lab was widely regarded as a part of the University of California, Berkeley.[20][21][22][23][24][25][26] In 1971, the Livermore branch became its own separate laboratory and was renamed "Lawrence Livermore Laboratory".[22] At the same time, the original site in Berkeley was renamed "Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory".[21] Both laboratories were regarded as a part of the University of California, and thus their affiliates are not included in this list (since 1971).[21][22] Finally, the Lawrence Livermore Lab becomes a national laboratory of the U.S Department of Energy (DOE) in 1981 and was renamed "Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory",[27] and in 1995 the Lawrence Berkeley Lab became a national laboratory of DOE and was renamed "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory".[28]
- Nobel laureates who were official academic affiliates of Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) from 1947 to 1952 are included in the following list. Even though the laboratory (as Project Y) was officially managed by the University of California, Berkeley after its establishment in 1943, the initial appointments in the lab were for secret military purposes only and were not academic appointments, and thus these war-time positions are excluded from this list.[29][30][31][32] After the Manhattan Project the lab was renamed "Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory" on January 1, 1947,[33] and in 1952 the lab became officially managed by the University of California when the latter was separated from UC Berkeley.[34][35][36] In 1981, the lab was renamed "Los Alamos National Laboratory" as a national lab of U.S. Department of Energy.[31]
Summary
All types of affiliations, namely alumni, long-term and short-term academic staff, count equally in the following table and throughout the whole page.[lower-alpha 3]
In the following list, the number following a person's name is the year they received the prize; in particular, a number with asterisk (*) means the person received the award while they were working at UC Berkeley (including emeritus staff).[lower-alpha 4] A name underlined implies that this person has already been listed in a previous category (i.e., multiple affiliations).
Nobel laureates by category
Nobel laureates in Physics
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
34 | Reinhard Genzel | 2020 | Professor emeritus of Physics and Astronomy[37] |
33 | Barry Barish | 2017 | BA (1957), PhD (1962); Research Fellow (1962–1963)[38][39] |
32 | David J. Thouless | 2016 | Postdoctoral researcher at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (1958–1959),[40] also worked in the Department of Physics and taught a course on atomic physics[41][42] |
31 | David Wineland | 2012 | BA (1965)[43] |
30 | Adam Riess | 2011 | Miller Fellow (1996–1999)[44] |
29 | Saul Perlmutter | 2011 | PhD (1986); Professor of Physics at UC Berkeley, and astrophysicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory[45] |
28 | George Smoot | 2006 | Professor of Physics (since 1994)[46] |
27 | John C. Mather | 2006 | PhD (1974)[47] |
26 | David Gross | 2004 | PhD (1966)[48] |
25 | Robert B. Laughlin | 1998 | BA (1972)[49] |
24 | Steven Chu | 1997 | PhD 1976, Postdoctoral Research Fellow (1976–1978),[50] Professor of Physics and Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (2004–2009), and Director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (2004–2009)[51] |
23 | Frederick Reines | 1995 | Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LANL) Research Leader (1944–1959) [52][53] |
22 | Pierre-Gilles de Gennes | 1991 | Postdoctoral researcher (1959)[54] |
21 | Richard E. Taylor | 1990 | Researcher at Lawrence Radiation Lab (1961–1962)[55] |
20 | Jack Steinberger | 1988 | Researcher (1949–1950)[56] |
19 | Nicolaas Bloembergen | 1981 | Visiting Professor (1964–1965)[57] |
18 | James Cronin | 1980 | Researcher at the Berkeley Bevatron (First half of 1958)[58] |
17 | Steven Weinberg | 1979 | Researcher, Professor of Physics (1959–1966)[59] |
16 | Sheldon Lee Glashow | 1979 | Associate Professor of Physics (1962–1966)[60] |
15 | Ben Roy Mottelson | 1975 | Visiting Professor (Spring 1959)[61] |
14 | Leon N. Cooper | 1972 | Visiting Professor at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory (1969)[62] |
13 | Luis Walter Alvarez | 1968 | Professor of Physics (1936–1988)[63] |
12 | Julian Schwinger | 1965 | Research fellow (1939–1941)[64] |
11 | Charles Hard Townes | 1964 | Professor of Physics (1967–2015)[65] |
10 | J. Hans D. Jensen | 1963 | Visiting Professor (1952)[66][67] |
9 | Donald A. Glaser | 1960 | Professor of Physics (1959–2013)[68] |
8 | Emilio G. Segrè | 1959 | Radiation Lab (1938–1946); Professor of Physics (1946–1989)[69] |
7 | Owen Chamberlain | 1959 | Graduate attendee;[lower-alpha 5] Professor of Physics (1958–2006)[71] |
6 | Tsung-Dao Lee | 1957 | Research Associate and Instructor (1950–1951)[72] |
5 | Willis Lamb | 1955 | BS (1934), PhD (1938)[73] |
4 | Felix Bloch | 1952 | Cyclotron researcher (1938–1939)[74][75] |
3 | Otto Stern | 1943 | Visiting Professor (1930s)[76] |
2 | Ernest Lawrence | 1939 | Professor of Physics (1930–1958); Director of the Radiation Laboratory (1936–1958)[77] |
1 | Arthur H. Compton | 1927 | Taught in the Summer Sessions of 1921 and 1922; Professor of Physics; University Professor-at-Large (Spring 1962)[78][79] |
Nobel laureates in Chemistry
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
31 | Jennifer Doudna | 2020 | Professor (since 2002)[80] |
30 | Frances Arnold | 2018 | PhD (1985); Postdoctoral Fellow (1986)[81][82] |
29 | Richard Henderson | 2017 | Visiting Professor of Molecular and Cell biology at the Miller Institute (Spring 1993)[83] |
28 | Joachim Frank | 2017 | Harkness Fellow (early 1970s)[83][84] |
27 | Aziz Sancar | 2015 | Visiting Miller Professor (Spring 2002)[85] |
26 | Paul L. Modrich | 2015 | Assistant Professor (1974–1976)[86] |
25 | Eric Betzig | 2014 | Professor of Physics (2017–)[87][88] |
24 | Thomas A. Steitz | 2009 | Assistant Professor of Biochemistry (for two quarters during 1968–1970)[89] |
23 | Roger Y. Tsien | 2008 | Professor of Chemistry (1982–1989)[90] |
22 | Gerhard Ertl | 2007 | Visiting Professor (1981–1982)[91] |
21 | Kurt Wüthrich | 2002 | Postdoctoral researcher (1965–1967)[92] |
20 | Alan J. Heeger | 2000 | PhD (1961); Research Associate in Physics (1961–1962)[93] |
19 | Ahmed Zewail | 1999 | Researcher (1974–1976)[94] |
18 | Robert Curl | 1996 | PhD (1957)[95] |
17 | Mario J. Molina | 1995 | PhD (1972)[96] |
16 | Kary Mullis | 1993 | PhD (1972)[97] |
15 | Thomas Cech | 1989 | PhD (1975)[98] |
14 | Yuan T. Lee | 1986 | PhD (1965); Professor of Chemistry (since 1974)[99] |
13 | Dudley R. Herschbach | 1986 | Professor of Chemistry (1959–1963)[100] |
12 | Henry Taube | 1983 | PhD (1940); Instructor (1940–1941)[101] |
11 | Geoffrey Wilkinson | 1973 | Radiation Lab (1946–1949)[102] |
10 | Melvin Calvin | 1961 | Professor of Chemistry (1947–1997)[103] |
9 | Willard Libby | 1960 | BS (1931), PhD (1933); Lecturer (1933–1941)[104] |
8 | Jaroslav Heyrovský | 1959 | Carnegie Visiting Professor with teaching duty (1933)[105][106][107] |
7 | Linus Pauling[lower-alpha 6] | 1954[7] | Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry (1929–1934)[6] |
6 | Glenn T. Seaborg | 1951 | PhD (1937); Professor of Chemistry (1937–1999); Chancellor (1958–1961)[108] |
5 | Edwin McMillan | 1951 | National Research Fellow (1932–1934), Staff at the Radiation Laboratory (1934–1935), Instructor (1935–1936), Assistant Professor (1936–1941), Associate Professor (1941–1946), and Professor of Chemistry (1946–1991)[109] |
4 | William Giauque | 1949 | BS 1920, PhD 1922; Professor of Chemistry (1922–1982)[110] |
3 | Wendell Meredith Stanley | 1946 | Professor of Chemistry (1948–1971)[111] |
2 | John Howard Northrop | 1946 | Professor of Bacteriology and later, Professor of Biophysics (1949–1987)[112] |
1 | Harold Urey | 1934 | PhD (1923)[113] |
Nobel laureates in Physiology or Medicine
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
17 | James Allison | 2018 | Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (1985–2004)[114] |
16 | Randy W. Schekman | 2013 | Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology (since 1976)[115] |
15 | Carol W. Greider | 2009 | PhD (1987), Molecular Biology[89][116] |
14 | Elizabeth Blackburn | 2009 | Professor of Molecular Biology (1978–1990)[89][117] |
13 | Andrew Fire | 2006 | BA in Mathematics (1978)[118] |
12 | Sydney Brenner | 2002 | Postdoctoral researcher (1953)[119] |
11 | Stanley B. Prusiner | 1997 | Assistant Professor of Virology in Residence (1979–1983), Associate Professor of Virology in Residence (1983–1984), and Professor of Virology in Residence (since 1984)[120] |
10 | Richard J. Roberts | 1980 | Visiting Miller Professor (Fall 1991)[85][121] |
9 | Hamilton O. Smith | 1978 | BS (1952)[122] |
8 | Werner Arber | 1978 | Researcher (1963); Visiting Miller Research Professor, Department of Molecular Biology (1970–1971)[123] |
7 | Allan M. Cormack | 1970 | Visiting Researcher at Lawrence Radiation Laboratory[25] |
6 | Maurice Wilkins | 1962 | Worked on the Manhattan Project at UC Berkeley (1944–1945)[124][125] |
5 | Arthur Kornberg | 1959 | Research investigator at Horace Barker's lab (1951)[126] |
4 | Selman Waksman | 1952 | PhD (1918)[127] |
3 | Joseph Erlanger | 1944 | BS (1895)[128] |
2 | George H. Whipple | 1934 | Professor (1914–1921) and Dean of Medical School at Berkeley (1920–1921)[129][130] |
1 | Thomas H. Morgan | 1933 | Visiting researcher (June 1921 - September 1921, covering the summer and part of Fall semester); Hitchcock Lecturer (1916)[131][132][133][134] |
Nobel Memorial Prize laureates in Economics
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
25 | Paul Milgrom | 2020 | Ford Visiting Research Professor & Guggenheim Fellow (1986);[135][136] Long-term visitor at the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing[137] |
24 | Paul Romer | 2018 | Professor of Economics (July 1990–July 1996)[138][139] |
23 | Christopher A. Sims | 2011 | Graduate student in economics (1963–1964)[140][141][142] |
22 | Thomas J. Sargent | 2011 | BA (1964)[140] |
21 | Christopher A. Pissarides | 2010 | Visiting Professor at the Haas School of Business (1990–1991)[143] |
20 | Peter Diamond | 2010 | Professor of Economics (1963–1966)[144] |
19 | Oliver E. Williamson | 2009 | Professor at the Haas School of Business, Department of Economics, and School of Law (1963–1965; since 1988)[145] |
18 | Leonid Hurwicz | 2007 | Visiting Professor (1976–1977)[146] |
17 | Thomas Schelling | 2005 | BA (1944)[147] |
16 | Robert Aumann | 2005 | Ford Visiting Research Professor of Economics (1971, 1985–1986)[148] |
15 | Daniel Kahneman | 2002 | PhD (1961); Professor of Psychology (1986–1994)[149] |
14 | George Akerlof | 2001 | Professor of Economics (1966–1978; since 1980)[150] |
13 | Daniel McFadden | 2000 | Assistant Professor of Economics (1963–1966), Assistant Professor of Economics (1966–1968), Professor of Economics (1968–1979), Professor of Economics (since 1990), E. Morris Cox Chair (since 1990), Director at the Econometrics Laboratory (1991–1995, since 1996), and Chair at the Department of Economics (1995–1996)[151][152] |
12 | Amartya Sen | 1998 | Researcher (1964–1965)[153] |
11 | James Mirrlees | 1996 | Visiting Professor (1986)[154] |
10 | Robert Lucas Jr. | 1995 | Graduate student in history (1959–1960)[155] |
9 | Reinhard Selten | 1994 | Visiting Professor at the Haas School of Business (1967–1968; frequent visitor)[156] |
8 | John Harsanyi | 1994 | Professor at the Haas School of Business (1964–2000)[157] |
7 | Douglass North | 1993 | BA (1942), PhD (1952)[158] |
6 | William F. Sharpe | 1990 | Undergraduate attendee (1951–1952)[159] |
5 | Gérard Debreu | 1983 | Professor of Economics (1962–2004)[160] |
4 | James Tobin | 1981 | Ford Visiting Research Professor of Economics (1982–1983)[150][161] |
3 | Lawrence Klein | 1980 | BA (1942)[162] |
2 | Herbert A. Simon | 1978 | Research Director (1939–1942)[163] |
1 | Bertil Ohlin | 1977 | Visiting Professor (1937)[164][165][166] |
Nobel laureates in Literature
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
3 | Seamus Heaney | 1995 | Visiting Lecturer (1970–1971)[167] |
2 | Octavio Paz | 1990 | Guggenheim Fellow (1943) for study of the poetic expression[168][169] |
1 | Czesław Miłosz | 1980 | Professor of Slavic Languages and Literature (1961–2004)[170] |
Nobel Peace Prize laureates
No. | Name | Year | Affiliation with UC Berkeley |
---|---|---|---|
1 | Linus Pauling[lower-alpha 6] | 1962[7] | Visiting Lecturer in Physics and Chemistry (1929–1934)[6] |
Notes
- The total number of laureates in natural sciences: Physics, Chemistry, and Physiology or Medicine.
- For verification, see "Summary".
- This is because, according to Wikipedia policies on no original research and objectivity/neutrality, it is not possible in Wikipedia to subjectively assign various weights to different types of affiliations.
- The table doesn't provide citations or details on entries; for citations and details, see "Nobel laureates by category".
- Owen Chamberlain entered UC Berkeley for physics graduate school in 1941, but his studies were interrupted by World War II, and he was eventually awarded the physics PhD degree from the University of Chicago in 1949.[70]
- This Nobel laureate received two Nobel Prizes. Counted only once because this is a list of laureates, not prizes.
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External links
- UC Berkeley Nobel Prize Winners (only includes alumni, current faculty members, and deceased faculty who retired at UC Berkeley, once per person)