List of costliest Atlantic hurricanes

This is a list of costliest Atlantic hurricanes, broadly capturing the severity of the damage each system has caused. The costliest tropical cyclone on record in the Atlantic is held jointly by hurricanes Katrina and Harvey, both of which resulted in approximately $125 billion in property damage during the year they occurred.

Damage in Long Beach, Mississippi following Hurricane Katrina.

A majority of the costliest Atlantic hurricanes in recorded history have peaked as major hurricanes. However, weaker tropical cyclones can still cause widespread damage. Tropical storms Alberto in 1994, Allison in 2001, Lee in 2011 and Imelda in 2019 caused over a billion dollars in damage. Flooding typically accounts for about 60% of all of a storm's damages, and this is reflected in the list with Allison, Harvey, Florence, and most recently, Imelda, which produced catastrophic rainfall; and with Katrina, Ike, and Sandy, which produced devastating storm surges. Wind damage encompasses a large portion of storm damage as well, evidenced by Andrew, Irma, and Michael. Due to their excessive damage, the names of tropical cyclones accruing at least $1 billion in damage are usually retired by the World Meteorological Organization, but this is not always the case. Hurricane Juan in 1985 was the first hurricane to cause at least a billion in damage and not be retired; its name was retired on a later usage in 2003 that did not cause over a billion in damage. Since Juan, eight tropical cyclones that caused at least a billion in damage were not retired, the most notable of which Hurricane Karl which incurred $3.9 billion in damage, and the most recent of which being Hurricane Isaac in 2012.

The first hurricane to cause at least $1 billion in damage was Hurricane Betsy in 1965, which caused much of its damage in southeastern Louisiana. Four years later, Hurricane Camille caused over $1 billion in damage as it ravaged Louisiana and Mississippi at landfall, and Virginia after moving inland. After the 1960s, each decade saw an increase in tropical cyclones causing at least a billion in damage over the last, due to increasing urban development and population. In the 1970s, four hurricanes caused at least a billion in damage; the costliest of which was Hurricane Agnes, which caused $2.1 billion in damage. The following decade featured seven hurricanes causing at least a billion in damage. In the 1990s, twelve tropical cyclones accrued at least a billion in damage, including Hurricane Andrew in 1992. The system greatly exceeded the damage figure of any preceding tropical cyclone, causing $27.3 billion in damage, mostly in South Florida. Nineteen tropical cyclones in the 2000s caused at least $1 billion in damage. The 2005 season had six billion-dollar hurricanes, the most of any season on record; this record was later surpassed in 2020. Hurricanes Ivan in 2004 and Irma in 2017 caused at least $1 billion in damage in four separate countries. In the 2010s, twelve storms caused at least $1 billion in damage, the last of which is Tropical Storm Imelda, which accrued at least $5 billion in damage.[1] Hurricane Isaias was the first storm of the 2020s to become a billion dollar disaster.[2]

Overall costliest

This list ranks tropical cyclones within the Atlantic that have accrued at least US$1 billion in damage, based on their nominal USD damage totals. Because these numbers have not been adjusted for inflation, nor adjusted for changes in population and wealth in coastal counties, the costliness of recent hurricanes is artificially inflated compared to hurricanes of the past. This makes it hard to accurately compare the damage inflicted by hurricanes over time.

In contrast, the normalized damage reported in the adjacent column gives an estimate of the direct economic losses from each hurricane if that same event was to occur under contemporary societal conditions, based on a method by Roger A. Pielke Jr. and Christopher Landsea.[3] The general formula for normalized losses is

where is reported damage in current-year US dollars, is the GDP deflator for inflation adjustment, is an estimate of current-cost net stock of fixed assets and consumer durable goods to capture changes in real wealth per-capita, and county population adjustment.[3]

  Was the costliest Atlantic hurricane at the time it dissipated

Indicates that the storm name was not retired after its usage

Indicates that the storm name was not retired as it is part of an active season[nb 1]

Costliest Atlantic hurricanes
Name Nominal damage
(Billions USD)		 Normalized damage
(Billions USD)		 Season Storm classification
at peak intensity		 Areas affected References
Katrina $125.0 $116.9 2005 Category 5 hurricane
[4][5]
Harvey $125.0 $62.2 2017 Category 4 hurricane
[5][6]
Maria $91.6 N/A 2017 Category 5 hurricane
[7]
Irma $77.2 $31.0 2017 Category 5 hurricane
[5]
Sandy $68.7 $73.5 2012 Category 3 hurricane
[5][8]
Ike $38.0 $35.2 2008 Category 4 hurricane
[9][10][11]
Wilma $27.4 $31.9 2005 Category 5 hurricane
[12][13][14][15]
Andrew $27.3 $106.0 1992 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Bahamas
  • Florida
  • Louisiana
 [9][16]
Ivan $26.1 $25.9 2004 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Venezuela
  • United States Gulf Coast
 [9][17][18]
Michael $25.1 N/A 2018 Category 5 hurricane
[19][20]
Florence $24.2 N/A 2018 Category 4 hurricane
[20][21]
Laura $19.1 N/A 2020 Category 4 hurricane
  • Leeward Islands
  • Puerto Rico
  • Dominican Republic
  • Haiti
  • Cuba
  • Southeastern United States
 [22][23]
Rita $18.5 $14.9 2005 Category 5 hurricane
  • Cuba
  • Texas
  • Louisiana
 [24]
Charley $16.9 $26.9 2004 Category 4 hurricane
[25][9]
Matthew $16.5 $8.6 2016 Category 5 hurricane
[26][27]
Irene $14.2 $10.8 2011 Category 3 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • United States East Coast
  • Eastern Canada
 [28][29][30]
Georges $13.9 <$6.0 1998 Category 4 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • United States Gulf Coast
 [5][31][32][33][34][35]
Frances $10.1 $16.5 2004 Category 4 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Eastern United States
  • Ontario
 [9][17][36][37]
Hugo $9.5 $25.1 1989 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • United States East Coast
 [9][38]
Allison $9.0 <$6.0 2001 Tropical storm
[39][9][40]
Gustav $8.3 <$6.0 2008 Category 4 hurricane
[9][10]
Jeanne $7.9 $13.6 2004 Category 3 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Eastern United States
 [9][17][41][42]
Eta $7.9 N/A 2020 Category 4 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Central America
  • Cuba
  • Eastern United States
Sally $7.3 N/A 2020 Category 2 hurricane
  • The Bahamas
  • Florida
  • Southeastern United States
 [43][44]
Floyd $6.5 $13.9 1999 Category 4 hurricane
[9][45]
Mitch $6.1 <$6.0 1998 Category 5 hurricane
[46][47][48]
Isabel $5.5 <$6.0 2003 Category 5 hurricane
  • Greater Antilles
  • The Bahamas
  • Eastern United States
  • Ontario
 [9][49]
Dorian $5.1 N/A 2019 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • The Bahamas
  • Eastern United States
  • Atlantic Canada
 [50][51]
Imelda $5.0 N/A 2019 Tropical storm
  • Texas
  • Louisiana
  • Oklahoma
  • Arkansas
 [52]
Fran $5.0 $11.1 1996 Category 3 hurricane
  • Eastern United States
  • Ontario
 [9]
Isaias $5.0 N/A 2020 Category 1 hurricane
  • Puerto Rico
  • Dominican Republic
  • Haiti
  • Bahamas
  • Eastern United States
 [2]
Opal $4.7 $10.0 1995 Category 4 hurricane
  • Guatemala
  • Yucatán Peninsula
  • Eastern United States
 [9][53]
Delta $4.1 N/A 2020

Category 4 hurricane
  • Jamaica
  • Cayman Islands
  • Yucatan Peninsula
  • Southeastern United States
Dennis $4.0 <$6.0 2005 Category 4 hurricane
[9][12][54]
Stan $3.9 <$6.0 2005 Category 1 hurricane
  • Mexico
  • Central America
 [41][55]
Karl $3.9 <$6.0 2010 Category 3 hurricane
  • Mexico
  • Central America
 [56]
Zeta $3.7 N/A 2020 Category 2 hurricane
  • Jamaica
  • Yucatan Peninsula
  • Louisiana
  • Mississippi
 [57]
Isaac $3.1 <$6.0 2012 Category 1 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Eastern United States
 [58]
Alicia $3.0 $13.6 1983 Category 3 hurricane
[59]
Gilbert $3.0 <$6.0 1988 Category 5 hurricane
[60]
Luis $3.0 <$6.0 1995 Category 4 hurricane
[53]
Lee $2.8 <$6.0 2011 Tropical storm
  • Louisiana
  • Mississippi
 [61]
Michelle $2.4 <$6.0 2001 Category 4 hurricane
  • Central America
  • Jamaica
  • Cuba
  • The Bahamas
 [33][40]
Marilyn $2.1 <$6.0 1995 Category 3 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Bermuda
 [9][53]
Agnes $2.1 $26.0 1972 Category 1 hurricane
  • Mexico
  • Cuba
  • Eastern United States
 [9][62]
Dean $2.0 <$6.0 2007 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • Central America
 [41][63]
Joan $1.9 <$6.0 1988 Category 4 hurricane
  • Lesser Antilles
  • Colombia
  • Venezuela
  • Central America
 [60]
Fifi $1.8 <$6.0 1974 Category 2 hurricane
  • Jamaica
  • Central America
  • Mexico
 [64][65]
Frederic $1.8 <$6.0 1979 Category 4 hurricane
[66]
Dolly $1.6 <$6.0 2008 Category 2 hurricane
[10]
Allen $1.6 <$6.0 1980 Category 5 hurricane
[41][67][68]
David $1.5 <$6.0 1979 Category 5 hurricane
  • The Caribbean
  • United States East Coast
 [41][66]
Alex $1.5 <$6.0 2010 Category 2 hurricane
  • Central America
  • Greater Antilles
  • Texas
 [69][70][71][72]
Juan $1.5 <$6.0 1985 Category 1 hurricane
  • United States Gulf Coast
 [9]
Bob $1.5 <$6.0 1991 Category 3 hurricane
  • United States East Coast
  • Canada
 [73]
Roxanne $1.5 <$6.0 1995 Category 3 hurricane
  • Mexico
 [53]
Ingrid $1.5 <$6.0 2013 Category 1 hurricane
  • Mexico
 [9]
Betsy $1.4 <$6.0 1965 Category 4 hurricane
  • Louisiana
  • South Florida
  • Caribbean
 [9]
Camille $1.4 $26.4 1969 Category 5 hurricane
  • Mississippi
  • Louisiana
  • Alabama
  • Virginia
  • Cuba
 [9]
Iota $1.4 N/A 2020 Category 5 hurricane
  • Columbia
  • Central America
Elena $1.3 <$6.0 1985 Category 3 hurricane
  • Cuba
  • United States Gulf Coast
 [74]
Isidore $1.3 <$6.0 2002 Category 3 hurricane
[75][76]
Lili $1.2 <$6.0 2002 Category 4 hurricane
  • Lesser Antilles
  • Greater Antilles
  • Gulf Coast of the United States
 [9]
Hanna $1.1 N/A 2020 Category 1 hurricane
[77]
Alberto $1.0 <$6.0 1994 Tropical storm
  • Southeastern United States
 [61]
Emily $1.0 <$6.0 2005 Category 5 hurricane
[5]
Bonnie $1.0 <$6.0 1998 Category 3 hurricane
  • Lesser Antilles
  • East Coast of the United States
 [5]

See also

Notes
  1. Although the 2019 season is no longer active, retired names from the 2019 season were supposed to be announced from March 30 to April 3, 2020 in Panama. The reason for its cancelment was due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Retired names from the 2019 season will be announced alongside the retired names from the 2020 season.

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