List of countries by Fragile States Index
This is a list of countries by order of appearance in the Fragile States Index (formerly the Failed States Index) of the United States think tank Fund for Peace.
Countries according to the 2020 Fragile States Index
Very high alert
High alert
Alert
High warning
Elevated warning
Warning
Stable
More stable
Very stable
Sustainable
Very sustainable
Data unavailable
A fragile state has several attributes. Common indicators include a state whose central government is so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and involuntary movement of populations; and sharp economic decline.[1] Since 2005, the index has been published annually by the Fund for Peace and the magazine Foreign Policy. The list has been cited by journalists and academics in making broad comparative points about countries or regions.[2][3]
This is the list for 2020,[4] with comparisons of each country's current score to previous years' indices.
The report uses 12 factors to determine the rating for each nation, including security threats, economic implosion, human rights violations and refugee flows.
Indicators of a fragile state
The following factors are used by Fund For Peace to ascertain the status of a country.[5]
Social
- Mounting demographic pressures and tribal, ethnic and/or religious conflicts.
- Massive internal and external displacement of refugees, creating severe humanitarian emergencies.
- Widespread vengeance-seeking group grievances.
- Chronic and sustained human flight.
Economic
- Widespread corruption.
- High economic inequality.
- Uneven economic development along group lines.
- Severe economic decline.
Political
- Delegitimization of the state.
- Deterioration of public services.
- Suspension or arbitrary application of law; widespread human rights abuses.
- Security forces operating as a "state within a state" often with impunity.
- Rise of factionalized elites.
- Intervention of external political agents and foreign states.
Fragile States Index 2020
| Rank | Country | 2020 score | Change from 2019 | Change from 2018 | Change from 2017 | Change from 2016 | Change from 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |  Yemen | 112.4 |  1.1 | 0.3 |  1.3 | 0.9 | 4.2 |
| 2 |  Somalia | 110.9 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.5 | 3.1 | 3.1 |
| 3 |  South Sudan | 110.8 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.7 |
| 4 |  Syria | 110.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.9 |
| 5 |  DR Congo | 109.4 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.3 |
| 6 |  Central African Republic | 107.5 | 1.4 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.4 |
| 7 |  Chad | 106.4 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 2.0 |
| 8 |  Sudan | 104.8 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 6.0 |
| 9 |  Afghanistan | 102.9 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 4.4 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
| 10 |  Zimbabwe | 99.2 | 0.3 | 3.1 | 2.4 | 1.3 | 0.8 |
| 11 |  Burundi | 97.9 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 0.1 |
| 11 |  Cameroon | 97.9 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 0.1 | 3.6 |
| 13 |  Haiti | 97.7 | 1.6 | 4.3 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 6.8 |
| 14 |  Nigeria | 97.3 | 1.2 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 6.2 | 5.2 |
| 15 |  Guinea | 97.2 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 7.7 |
| 16 |  Mali | 96.0 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 0.8 | 3.1 |
| 17 |  Iraq | 95.9 | 3.2 | 6.3 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 8.5 |
| 18 |  Eritrea | 95.8 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 1.1 |
| 19 |  Niger | 95.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 3.1 | 2.5 |
| 20 |  Libya | 95.2 | 3.0 | 0.6 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 |
| 21 |  Ethiopia | 94.6 | 0.4 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 2.6 | 2.9 |
| 22 |  Myanmar | 94.0 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 0.7 |
| 23 |  Guinea-Bissau | 92.9 | 2.6 | 5.2 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 7.0 |
| 24 |  Uganda | 92.8 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 4.9 | 4.2 |
| 25 |  Pakistan | 92.1 | 2.1 | 4.2 | 6.8 | 9.6 | 10.9 |
| 25 |  Congo | 92.1 | 0.4 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 0.1 | 1.3 |
| 27 |  Mozambique | 91.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.9 | 4.8 |
| 28 |  Venezuela | 91.2 | 1.9 | 5.0 | 8.3 | 9.6 | 12.5 |
| 29 |  Kenya | 90.3 | 3.2 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| 30 |  North Korea | 90.2 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.6 |
| 31 |  Liberia | 90.0 | 0.2 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 7.3 |
| 32 |  Ivory Coast | 89.7 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 6.8 | 8.2 | 10.4 |
| 33 |  Mauritania | 88.7 | 1.4 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 6.2 |
| 34 |  Angola | 87.3 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 0.6 |
| 35 |  Rwanda | 86.0 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 4.2 |
| 35 |  Egypt | 86.0 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 3.9 |
| 37 |  Burkina Faso | 85.9 | 2.0 | 0.6 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 3.3 |
| 38 |  Togo | 85.8 | 1.6 | 0.6 | 1.9 |  | 1.0 |
| 39 |  Bangladesh | 85.7 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 5.0 | 6.1 |
| 40 |  Lebanon | 84.7 | 0.3 | 2.1 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 3.4 |
| 41 |  Zambia | 84.5 | 1.2 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 1.8 | 0.6 |
| 42 |  Sierra Leone | 84.4 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 7.5 |
| 43 |  Malawi | 84.0 | 0.7 | 1.5 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 2.9 |
| 44 |  Iran | 83.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 3.7 |
| 45 |  Equatorial Guinea | 83.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.8 |
| 45 |  Eswatini | 83.0 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 4.6 | 3.2 |
| 47 |  Djibouti | 82.7 | 2.4 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 5.3 |
| 47 |  Timor-Leste | 82.7 | 2.8 | 5.6 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 7.8 |
| 49 |  Nepal | 82.6 | 2.1 | 5.3 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
| 50 |  Papua New Guinea | 82.3 | 0.8 | 2.5 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 1.1 |
| 51 |  Gambia | 82.2 | 1.7 | 4.9 | 7.2 | 4.6 | 3.2 |
| 52 |  Sri Lanka | 81.8 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 8.9 |
| 53 |  Comoros | 81.2 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.1 |
| 54 |  Philippines | 81.0 | 2.1 | 4.5 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 5.2 |
| 55 |  Cambodia | 80.3 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 7.6 |
| 56 |  Solomon Islands | 79.7 | 2.2 | 3.4 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 6.2 |
| 57 |  Madagascar | 79.5 | 1.4 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.1 |
| 58 |  Guatemala | 79.2 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 1.2 |
| 59 |  Turkey | 79.1 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 4.5 |
| 60 |  Lesotho | 78.3 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 1.6 |
| 61 |  Tanzania | 78.1 | 2.0 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 2.7 |
| 62 |  Nicaragua | 77.1 | 1.0 | 1.8 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 1.9 |
| 63 |  Laos | 76.9 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 7.5 | 7.5 |
| 64 |  Honduras | 76.8 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 2.3 | 3.0 | 1.3 |
| 65 |  Colombia | 76.6 | 0.9 | | 2.3 | 3.6 | 5.9 |
| 66 |  Tajikistan | 75.5 | 2.2 | 4.0 | 6.3 | 8.3 | 7.9 |
| 67 |  Jordan | 75.4 | 0.5 | 1.4 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 1.5 |
| 68 |  India | 75.3 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 4.0 |
| 69 |  Israel /  West Bank | 75.1 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 |
| 70 |  Bolivia | 75.0 | 2.1 | 0.2 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 3.1 |
| 71 |  Algeria | 74.6 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 5.0 |
| 71 |  Senegal | 74.6 | 2.6 | 5.0 | 7.7 | 9.0 | 8.3 |
| 73 |  Kyrgyzstan | 73.9 | 2.3 | 4.7 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 8.3 |
| 74 |  Uzbekistan | 73.1 | 2.6 | 6.0 | 8.4 | 10.4 | 12.2 |
| 75 |  Brazil | 73.0 | 1.2 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 7.7 | 10.3 |
| 76 |  Russia | 72.6 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 6.6 | 8.4 | 7.4 |
| 77 |  Benin | 72.5 | 1.1 | 3.2 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 6.3 |
| 78 |  Azerbaijan | 71.3 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 6.0 |
| 79 |  Micronesia | 71.2 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 2.3 |
| 80 |  Morocco | 71.2 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 3.0 | 3.4 |
| 80 |  Georgia | 71.2 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 5.3 | 7.7 | 8.0 |
| 82 |  Thailand | 70.8 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 5.4 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
| 83 |  São Tomé and PrÃncipe | 70.3 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 3.4 |
| 84 |  Bosnia and Herzegovina | 70.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 4.4 | 7.2 |
| 85 |  South Africa | 70.1 | 1.0 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 0.2 | 3.1 |
| 86 |  China | 69.9 | 1.2 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 6.6 |
| 86 |  Fiji | 69.9 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 6.8 |
| 88 |  Bhutan | 69.5 | 2.5 | 4.8 | 6.5 | 8.1 | 9.2 |
| 89 |  Ecuador | 69.4 | 1.8 | 4.8 | 7.9 | 6.2 | 6.5 |
| 90 |  Gabon | 69.1 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 2.9 | 2.1 |
| 90 |  Turkmenistan | 69.1 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 5.3 | 6.9 | 8.3 |
| 92 |  Ukraine | 69.0 | 2.0 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 6.5 | 7.3 |
| 93 |  El Salvador | 68.9 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 2.5 |
| 94 |  Saudi Arabia | 68.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 2.8 |
| 95 |  Tunisia | 68.1 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 7.6 |
| 96 |  Indonesia | 67.8 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 |
| 97 |  Peru | 67.6 | 0.6 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 4.4 | 4.4 |
| 98 |  Mexico | 67.2 | 2.5 | 4.3 | 7.1 | 3.2 | 4.7 |
| 99 |  Maldives | 66.2 | 3.6 | 6.2 | 8.2 | 7.8 | 8.1 |
| 100 |  Serbia | 66.1 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 3.9 | 5.9 | 7.7 |
| 101 |  Moldova | 66.0 | 1.1 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 7.0 |
| 101 |  Guyana | 66.0 | 2.2 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 4.5 |
| 103 |  Belarus | 65.8 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 8.1 | 9.8 |
| 104 |  Paraguay | 65.2 | 1.8 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 6.1 |
| 105 |  Namibia | 65.1 | 1.3 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.7 |
| 106 |  Cape Verde | 64.8 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 8.7 |
| 107 |  Dominican Republic | 64.4 | 1.8 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 6.4 | 6.8 |
| 108 |  Armenia | 64.2 | 2.5 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 5.4 | 5.5 |
| 108 |  Ghana | 64.2 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 7.0 | 7.6 |
| 110 |  Bahrain | 63.9 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 110 |  Vietnam | 63.9 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 8.5 |
| 112 |  Samoa | 63.3 | 0.9 | 2.2 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.9 |
| 113 |  Macedonia | 62.1 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 4.9 | 2.4 |
| 114 |  Belize | 60.8 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 4.5 |
| 115 |  Suriname | 60.1 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 8.3 |
| 116 |  Jamaica | 60.0 | 1.2 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.6 |
| 117 |  Kazakhstan | 59.8 | 1.8 | 3.6 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 8.5 |
| 118 |  Cuba | 59.2 | 1.6 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 8.2 |
| 119 |  Albania | 58.8 | 0.1 | 1.3 | 1.7 | 2.4 | 3.1 |
| 120 |  Malaysia | 57.6 | 2.9 | 6.0 | 7.8 | 8.5 | 8.3 |
| 121 |  Botswana | 57.1 | 2.4 | 4.9 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 5.7 |
| 122 |  Brunei Darussalam | 56.6 | 0.9 | 3.2 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 6.4 |
| 123 |  Cyprus | 56.1 | 1.7 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 7.9 | 10.1 |
| 124 |  Montenegro | 55.5 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.3 |
| 125 |  Grenada | 55.2 | 2.4 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 7.8 | 8.3 |
| 126 |  Seychelles | 54.7 | 0.5 | 2.1 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 7.4 |
| 127 |  Greece | 52.1 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 5.4 | 3.8 | 0.5 |
| 127 |  Antigua and Barbuda | 52.1 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 5.7 |
| 129 |  Trinidad and Tobago | 51.9 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 6.8 |
| 129 |  Mongolia | 51.9 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 5.1 |
| 131 |  Kuwait | 50.9 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 6.6 |
| 132 |  Bahamas | 49.9 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 2.5 | 1.7 | 1.6 |
| 133 |  Bulgaria | 49.2 | 1.4 | 2.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 6.2 |
| 134 |  Oman | 48.0 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 4.0 |
| 135 |  Hungary | 47.6 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 1.5 |
| 136 |  Romania | 46.7 | 1.1 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 7.5 |
| 137 |  Barbados | 46.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.9 |
| 138 |  Croatia | 46.1 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 4.5 | 6.3 | 4.9 |
| 138 |  Argentina | 46.1 | 0.1 | | 2.1 | 2.3 | 1.5 |
| 140 |  Panama | 46.0 | 1.0 | 3.5 | 4.7 | 7.2 | 8.6 |
| 141 |  Qatar | 43.7 | 1.7 | 4.4 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 2.6 |
| 142 |  Chile | 42.5 | 3.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 1.0 |
| 143 |  Italy | 42.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| 144 |  Latvia | 42.3 | 1.6 | 2.6 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 6.2 |
| 145 |  Poland | 41.0 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.2 |
| 146 |  Spain | 40.4 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| 147 |  Costa Rica | 40.2 | 1.8 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 6.6 |
| 148 |  Estonia | 38.5 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 5.2 |
| 149 |  United States | 38.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 2.9 |
| 149 |  United Kingdom | 38.3 | 1.6 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 4.9 |
| 151 |  Slovak Republic | 38.2 | 2.3 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 4.4 |
| 152 |  United Arab Emirates | 38.1 | 2.0 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 8.1 |
| 153 |  Mauritius | 37.2 | 1.7 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 8.0 |
| 154 |  Lithuania | 36.5 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 6.5 |
| 155 |  Czech Republic | 35.7 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 1.7 |
| 156 |  Malta | 33.6 | 0.9 | 2.6 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 7.3 |
| 157 |  Uruguay | 33.4 | 0.6 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 3.0 |
| 158 |  Japan | 32.3 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 5.1 | 2.8 | 3.7 |
| 159 |  South Korea | 32.0 | 1.7 | 3.7 | 6.1 | 4.1 | 4.3 |
| 160 |  France | 30.5 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 3.0 | 4.0 | 3.2 |
| 161 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Belgium | 27.1 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 3.4 |
| 162 |  Singapore | 26.3 | 1.8 | 4.1 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 8.1 |
| 163 |  Slovenia | 25.8 | 2.2 | 4.5 | 6.6 | 8.1 | 5.7 |
| 164 |  Austria | 24.1 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 1.7 |
| 165 |  Portugal | 23.5 | 1.8 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.2 |
| 166 |  Germany | 23.2 | 1.5 | 2.6 | 4.9 | 5.4 | 4.9 |
| 167 |  Netherlands | 22.9 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 4.0 |
| 168 |  Ireland | 19.9 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 4.7 |
| 169 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Australia | 19.7 | | 1.1 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 4.6 |
| 170 |  Luxembourg | 18.8 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 3.3 |
| 171 | .svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada | 18.7 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 6.9 |
| 172 |  Sweden | 18.2 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 2.0 |
| 173 |  New Zealand | 17.9 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 3.4 | 4.7 |
| 174 |  Iceland | 17.8 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.6 |
| 175 |  Denmark | 17.2 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 4.2 |
| 176 |  Switzerland | 17.1 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 5.2 |
| 177 |  Norway | 16.2 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 4.7 |
| 178 |  Finland | 14.6 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 3.1 |
References
- "What Does "State Fragility" Mean?". Fund for Peace. Retrieved 31 August 2015.
- "Failing States: SOS". The Economist. June 19, 2007. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
- Bloom, David E. (May 5, 2011). "Africa's Daunting Challenges". New York Times. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
- "Fragile States Index 2020". The Fund for Peace. 11 May 2020. Retrieved June 7, 2020.
- "Fragile States Index and CAST Framework Methodology". The Fund for Peace.
External links
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