List of countries with coalition governments
A coalition government is a cabinet of a parliamentary government in which several parties cooperate. The usual reason given for this arrangement is that no party on its own can achieve a majority in the parliament. A coalition government might also be created in a time of national difficulty or crisis, for example during wartime, to give a government the high degree of perceived political legitimacy it desires whilst also playing a role in diminishing internal political strife. In such times, parties have formed all-party coalitions (national unity governments, grand coalitions). If a coalition collapses, a confidence vote is held or a motion of no confidence is taken.
For the purposes of this list, coalitions can come in two forms. The first is produced by two or more parties joining forces after fighting elections separately to form a majority government. However, some coalitions (or alliances) are already decided before elections to give the parties the best chance of immediate government after the election.
Europe
Countries
- Albania: Socialist Party of Albania, Socialist Movement for Integration, Unity for Human Rights Party, Demochristian Party of Albania.
- Armenia: My Step Alliance.
- Belgium: Christian Democratic and Flemish, Reformist Movement, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats, Socialist Party, Socialist Party Differently, Ecolo, Green.
- Bulgaria: GERB, United Patriots
- Croatia: Croatian Democratic Union, Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats
- Cyprus: Democratic Rally, European Party, Ecological and Environmental Movement.
- Czech Republic: Czech Social Democratic Party, ANO 2011.
- Estonia: Estonian Centre Party, Social Democratic Party, Pro Patria.
- Finland: Social Democratic Party, Centre Party, Green League, Left Alliance, Swedish People's Party
- France: En Marche, MoDem
- Germany: Christian Democratic Union, Christian Social Union, Social Democratic Party.
- Iceland: Independence Party, Reform Party, Bright Future.
- Italy: Five Star Movement, Democratic Party, Free and Equal, Italia Viva.
- Kosovo: Democratic Party of Kosovo, New Kosovo Alliance, Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo, Independent Liberal Party.
- Latvia: Unity, National Alliance, Union of Greens and Farmers.
- Lithuania:
- Luxembourg: Democratic Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, The Greens.
- Monaco: Union for the Principality, National Union for the Future of Monaco, Promotion of the Monegasque Family.
- Montenegro:
- Netherlands: People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Christian Democratic Appeal, D66, Christian Union.
- North Macedonia:
- Norway: Conservative Party, Progress Party, Venstre
- Republic of Ireland: Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, Green Party
- Romania: PNL, USR-PLUS, UDMR
- San Marino: Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party, Popular Alliance, Freedom List, Sammarinese Union of Moderates.
- Serbia: Serbian Progressive Party, Socialist Party of Serbia
- Slovenia:
- Spain: PSOE, Unidas Podemos.
- Sweden: Swedish Social Democratic Party, Green Party (Sweden).
- Switzerland: Social Democratic Party of Switzerland, Free Democratic Party of Switzerland, Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland, Swiss People's Party.
- Ukraine:
- United Kingdom:
- Wales: The government of the National Assembly for Wales consists of 29 Welsh Labour Party AMs, 1 Welsh Liberal Democrat and 1 Independent
Dependencies
Americas
States
- Dominican Republic: Dominican Liberation Party, Institutional Social Democratic Bloc, Alliance for Democracy, Christian Democratic Union, Dominican Workers' Party, Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic.
- Panama: Democratic Change, Panameñista Party, Patriotic Union, Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement.
- Trinidad and Tobago: People's Partnership: United National Congress, Congress of the People, Tobago Organization of the People, and National Joint Action Committee,
- Guyana: A Partnership for National Unity plus Alliance for Change,
- Argentina: Cambiemos (Republican Proposal, Radical Civic Unión, Civic Coalition)
Dependencies
- Curaçao: Movementu Futuro Kòrsou, Partido MAN, Sovereign People.
- Greenland: Community of the People, Democrats.
- Sint Maarten: Democratic Party, United People.
Africa
- Algeria: National Liberation Front, National Rally for Democracy, Movement of Society for Peace.
- Democratic Republic of the Congo: Union of Mobutuist Democrats, People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy, Unified Lumumbist Party, Social Movement for Renewal, Coalition of Congolese Democrats, Federalist Christian Democracy-Convention of Federalists for Christian Democracy, Christian Democrat Party (Democratic Republic of the Congo), United Congolese Convention, National Alliance Party for Unity, Union for Federalist Nationalists of Congo, Alliance for the Renewal of Congo.
- Gabon: Gabonese Democratic Party, National Woodcutters' Rally – Rally for Gabon, Democratic and Republican Alliance, Circle of Reformist Liberals, Social Democratic Party, Rally of Republican Democrats, African Development Movement.
- Guinea-Bissau: African Independence Party of Guinea and Cape Verde, Party for Social Renewal.
- Kenya: Jubilee Party of Kenya (an alliance of the National Alliance TNA and United Republican Party), NASA Faction led by Raila Odinga.
- Lesotho: All Basotho Convention, Alliance of Democracts, Basotho National Party, Reformed Congress of Lesotho.
- Mali: Alliance for Democracy in Mali, Union for the Republic and Democracy, Patriotic Movement for Renewal, National Congress for Democratic Initiative, Union for Democracy and Development, Movement for the Independence, Renaissance, and Integration of Africa, Party for Solidarity and Progress, Alternation Bloc for Renewal, Integration, and African Cooperation, Bloc for Democracy and African Integration, Citizens' Party for Revival, National Rally for Democracy, Sudanese Union-African Democratic Rally.
- Mauritania: Rally of Democratic Forces, Union of Forces of Progress, Independents.
- Mauritius: Mauritian Labour Party, Militant Socialist Movement, Mauritian Social Democrat Party.
- Morocco: Justice and Development Party, Popular Movement, Party of Progress and Socialism .
- Rwanda; Rwandan Patriotic Front, Social Democratic Party, Liberal Party.
- Senegal: Senegalese Democratic Party, Union for Democratic Renewal.
- Zimbabwe: Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front, Movement for Democratic Change – Tsvangirai.
Asia
- Bangladesh: Bangladesh Awami League, Jatiya Party, Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal, Workers Party of Bangladesh, Liberal Democratic Party.
- Cambodia: Cambodian People's Party, Funcinpec Party.
- India: Bharatiya Janata Party, Janata Dal (United), Lok Janshakti Party, All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Apna Dal (Sonelal), National People's Party, Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party, Sikkim Krantikari Morcha.
- Indonesia: Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle (PDI-P), Golkar, Great Indonesia Movement Party (Gerindra), Nasdem Party, National Awakening Party (PKB), United Development Party (PPP), Indonesian Solidarity Party (PSI), Perindo Party.
- Iraq: Islamic Dawa Party, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan, Iraqi Islamic Party, Kurdistan Democratic Party, Supreme Islamic Iraqi Council, Islamic Dawa Party - Iraq Organisation, Sadrist Movement, Iraqi National Accord, National Democratic Party, Iraqi Communist Party, Islamic Action Organisation, Kurdistan Islamic Union, Independents.
- Israel:
- Kyrgyzstan:
- Japan: Liberal Democratic Party, Komeito
- Lebanon: Future Movement, Lebanese Forces, Kataeb Party, Progressive Socialist Party, Free Patriotic Movement, Marada Movement, Amal Movement, Hezbollah, Independents.
- Malaysia: Malaysian United Indigenous Party (PPBM), National Front (BN), Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Gabungan Parti Sarawak (GPS), United Sabah Party (PSB), Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR).
- Maldives: Maldivian Democratic Party, Gaumee Itthihaad, Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party, Republican Party, Social Liberal Party, Adhaalath Party.
- Nepal: Nepal Communist Party
- Pakistan: Pakistan tehreek insaf, Pakistan Muslim League (F), Balochistan Awami Party, Awami Muslim League, Grand Democratic Alliance and MQM-P
- Palestine: Fatah, Hamas.
- Philippines: PDP–Laban, Lakas–CMD, Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, Nacionalista Party, Nationalist People's Coalition, National Unity Party.
- Sri Lanka: All Ceylon Muslim Congress, Ceylon Workers' Congress, Communist Party of Sri Lanka, Eelam People's Democratic Party, Jathika Hela Urumaya, Lanka Sama Samaja Party, Mahajana Eksath Peramuna, National Freedom Front, Sri Lanka Freedom Party, Up-Country People's Front.
- Thailand: Phalang Pracharat, Democrat, Bhumjaithai, Chartthaipattana, Action Coalition for Thailand, Chart Pattana, Thai Local Power, Thai Forest Conservation, Thai Nation Power Party, People Progressive Party, Thai Civilized Party, Palang Thai Rak Thai Party, Thai Teachers for People Party, Prachaniyom Party, Thai People Justice Party, Thai Citizens Power Party, New Democracy Party, New Palangdharma Party.
- Timor-Leste: National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, Timorese Social Democratic Association, Social Democratic Party, Democratic Party.
Oceania
- Australia: Liberal Party of Australia, National Party of Australia, Liberal National Party of Queensland, Country Liberal Party
- New Zealand: Labour Party , Greens.
- Papua New Guinea: National Alliance Party, People's Action Party, People's National Congress Party, People's Democratic Movement, United Resources Party, Pangu Party, United Party (Papua New Guinea), Melanesian Alliance Party.
- Solomon Islands: Reform Democratic Party, Democratic Party, Ownership, Unity and Responsibility Party, Rural and Urban Political Party, People's Congress Party, Rural Development Party, People's Federation Party, Independent Democratic Party, Independents.
- Tonga: Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands, People's Democratic Party, Independents.
- Vanuatu: Union of Moderate Parties, Labour Party, Our Land Party, Republican Party, National United Party, Namangi Aute, Family First Party.