List of extinct cetaceans
The list of extinct cetaceans features the extinct genera and species of the order Cetacea. The cetaceans (whales, dolphins and porpoises) are descendants of land-living mammals, the even-toed ungulates. The earliest cetaceans were still hoofed mammals. These early cetaceans became gradually better adapted for swimming than for walking on land, finally evolving into fully marine cetaceans.
This list currently includes only fossil genera and species. However, the Atlantic population of gray whales (Eschrichtius robustus) became extinct in the 18th century, and the baiji (or Chinese river dolphin, Lipotes vexillifer) was declared "functionally extinct" after an expedition in late 2006 failed to find any in the Yangtze River.
Suborder Archaeoceti
Family Protocetidae
(Eocene)
Rhodocetus kasrani reconstruction
Suborder Mysticeti
Family Aetiocetidae
(Oligocene)
Aetiocetus restoration
- Aetiocetus
- Ashorocetus
- Chonecetus
- Fucaia[6]
- Morawanocetus
- Niparajacetus
- Salishicetus
- Willungacetus
Family incertae sedis
- Horopeta
- Maiabalaena
- Sitsqwayk
- Tlaxcallicetus
- Toipahautea
- Whakakai
Family Eomysticetidae
(Oligocene to early Miocene)
- Eomysticetus
- Matapanui
- Micromysticetus
- Tohoraata
- Tokarahia
- Waharoa
- Yamatocetus
Family Balaenidae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Antwerpibalaena
- Archaeobalaena[8]
- Balaena
- Balaenella
- Balaenotus
- Balaenula
- Eubalaena (extant)
- Idiocetus
- Peripolocetus
- Protobalaena
Family incertae sedis
Clade Thalassotherii
- Cetotheriomorphus
- Heterocetus
- Imerocetus
- Isocetus
- Notiocetus
- Otradnocetus
- Palaeobalaena
- Rhegnopsis
Family Cetotheriidae
(Miocene - Pliocene)
Classification follows Steeman (2007) unless otherwise noted.[9]
Cetotherium restoration
Family incertae sedis
- Isanacetus
- Pinocetus
- Mauicetus
- Taikicetus
- Tiphyocetus
Family Balaenopteridae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Archaebalaenoptera
- Balaenoptera (extant)
- "Balaenoptera" cortesii
- "Balaenoptera" portisi
- "Balaenoptera" ryani
- Burtinopsis
- Cetotheriophanes
- Fragilicetus[14]
- Incakujira
- Miobalaenoptera
- Norrisanima
- Nehalaennia
- Parabalaenoptera
- Plesiobalaenoptera
- Plesiocetus
- Praemegaptera
- Protororqualus
Family Eschrichtiidae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Archaeschrichtius
- Eschrichtioides
- Gricetoides
- Megapteropsis
Family Tranatocetidae
Family incertae sedis
- Mioceta (nomen dubium)
- Piscocetus
- Siphonocetus (nomen dubium)
- Tretulias (nomen dubium)
- Ulias (nomen dubium)
Suborder Odontoceti
Family Ashleycetidae
(Early Oligocene)
- Ashleycetus
Family Xenorophidae
(Late Oligocene)
Family Inticetidae
- Inticetus
- Phococetus
Family Microzeuglodontidae
- Microzeuglodon
Family incertae sedis
- Ankylorhiza
- Agriocetus
- Atropatenocetus
- Ediscetus
- Olympicetus
- Saurocetus
Family Dalpiazinidae
(Late Oligocene to Miocene)
- Dalpiazina
Family Kogiidae
(Miocene to recent)
- Aprixokogia
- Kogia (extant)
- Kogiopsis
- Koristocetus
- Nanokogia
- Pliokogia
- Praekogia
- Scaphokogia
- Thalassocetus
Family Physeteridae
- Ferecetotherium
- Idiophyseter
- Idiorophus
- Orycterocetus
- Physeterula
- Placoziphius
- Preaulophyseter
- Scaldicetus
Family incertae sedis
- Acrophyseter
- Albicetus
- Aulophyseter[18]
- Brygmophyseter
- Diaphorocetus
- Eudelphis
- Hoplocetus (nomen dubium)
- Livyatan[19]
- Miokogia (nomen dubium)
- Paleophoca (nomen dubium)
- Prophyseter (nomen dubium)
- Zygophyseter
Family Eoplatanistidae
(Miocene)
- Eoplatanista
Family Eurhinodelphinidae
(Late Oligocene to Late Miocene)
- Ceterhinops
- Eurhinodelphis
- Iniopsis
- Mycteriacetus
- Phocaenopsis
- Schizodelphis
- Vanbreenia
- Xiphiacetus
- Ziphiodelphis
Superfamily Platanistoidea
- Aondelphis
- Awamokoa[20]
- Dolgopolis
- Ensidelphis
- Perditicetus
- Urkudelphis
Family Platanistidae
(Early Miocene to Recent)
Family Squalodelphinidae
(Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene)
- Furcadelphis
- Huaridelphis[22]
- Macrosqualodelphis
- Medocinia
- Notocetus
- Phocageneus
- Squalodelphis
Family Squalodontidae
(Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene)
- Austrosqualodon
- Eosqualodon
- Macrophoca
- Neosqualodon
- Pachyodon
- Phoberodon
- Squalodon (syn. Kelloggia, Rhizoprion, Crenidelphinus, Arionius, Phocodon)
- Smilocamptus
- Tangaroasaurus
Family Waipatiidae
(Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)
- ?Microcetus
- Otekaikea
- Papahu[23]
- Sachalinocetus
- Waipatia
Family Ziphiidae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Basal forms
- Aporotus
- Beneziphius
- Chavinziphius
- Chimuziphius
- Choneziphius
- Dagonodum
- Globicetus
- Imocetus
- Messapicetus
- Ninoziphius
- Notoziphius
- Tusciziphius
- Ziphirostrum
- Subfamily Berardiinae
- Archaeoziphius
- Microberardius
- Subfamily Hyperoodontinae
- Africanacetus
- Belemnoziphius
- Ihlengesi
- Khoikhoicetus
- Mesoplodon (extant)
- Nenga
- Pterocetus
- Xhosacetus
- Subfamily Ziphiinae
- Caviziphius
- Izikoziphius
- Nazcacetus
- Subfamily incertae sedis
- Anoplonassa
- Cetorhynchus
- Eboroziphius
- Pelycorhamphus
Family incertae sedis
- Anacharsis
- Belonodelphis
- Delphinavus
- Graamocetus
- Hadrodelphis
- Lamprolithax
- Leptodelphis
- Liolithax
- Lophocetus
- Loxolithax
- Macrokentriodon
- Microphocaena
- Miodelphis
- Nannolithax
- Oedolithax
- Oligodelphis
- Palaeophocaena
- Pithanodelphis
- Platylithax
- Prionodelphis
- Protodelphinus
- Sarmatodelphis
- Sophianacetus
- Tagicetus
Family Delphinidae
Etruridelphis giulii
(Oligocene to Recent)
- Arimidelphis
- Astadelphis
- Australodelphis
- Delphinus (extant)
- Delphinus domeykoi
- Eodelphinus
- Etruridelphis
- Hemisyntrachelus
- Lagenorhynchus (extant)
- Lagenorhynchus harmatuki
- Norisdelphis
- Globicephala (extant)
- Globicephala baereckeii
- Globicephala etruriae
- Orcinus (extant)
- Platalearostrum[27]
- Protoglobicephala
- Pseudorca (extant)
- Pseudorca yokoyamai
- Pseudorca yuanliensis
- Septidelphis[28]
- Sinanodelphis
- Stenella (extant)
- Stenella rayi
- Tursiops (extant)
- Tursiops miocaenus
- Tursiops osennae
Family Kentriodontidae
(Oligocene to Pliocene)
Kentriodon reconstruction
- Kampholophos
- Kentriodon
- Rudicetus
- Sophianaecetus
- Wimahl
- Belonodelphis?
- Liolithax?
Family Phocoenidae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Archaeophocaena
- Australithax
- Brabocetus
- Harborophocoena
- Lomacetus
- Miophocaena
- Numataphocoena
- Piscolithax
- Pterophocaena
- Salumiphocaena
- Semirostrum[29]
- Septemtriocetus
Superfamily Inioidea
- Awadelphis
- Brujadelphis
- Incacetus
- Meherrinia
Family Iniidae
(Miocene to Recent)
- Goniodelphis
- Hesperoinia
- Ischyrorhynchus
- Isthminia
- Kwanzacetus
- Saurocetes
Family Pontoporiidae
(Middle Miocene to Recent)
- Atocetus
- Auroracetus
- Brachydelphis
- Pliopontos
- Pontistes
- Protophocaena
- Scaldiporia
- Stenasodelphis
Superfamily incertae sedis
- Delphinodon
- Heterodelphis
Family incertae sedis
- Acrodelphis
- Champsodelphis
- Hesperocetus
- Imerodelphis (Miocene)
- Kharthlidelphis
- Lonchodelphis
- Macrochirifer
- Microsqualodon
- Pelodelphis
- Rhabdosteus (nomen dubium)
- Sulakocetus
See also
- Evolution of cetaceans
- List of cetaceans
- List of prehistoric mammals
- List of extinct animals
References
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