List of psychoactive plants

Species, Alkaloid content, where given, refers to dried material

• Fittonia albivenis, a common ornamental plant from South America.

• Acer saccharinum (Silver Maple Tree) was found to contain the indole alkaloid gramine (not active and extremely toxic) 0.05% in the leaves, so it is possible that other members of this plant family contain active compounds.[1]

• Delosperma acuminatum, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma cooperi, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma ecklonis, DMT[2]
• Delosperma esterhuyseniae, DMT[2]
• Delosperma hallii, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma harazianum, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT[2]

  Delosperma harazianum
  Shibam, DMT[2]

• Delosperma hirtum, DMT[2]

  Delosperma hallii
  aff. litorale

• Delosperma lydenbergense, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma nubigenum, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma pageanum, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT[2]
• Delosperma pergamentaceum, Traces of DMT[2]
• Delosperma tradescantioides, DMT[2]

• Prestonia amazonica: DMT[3]
• Voacanga africana: Iboga alkaloids

• Acacia acuminata, Up to 1.5% alkaloids, mainly consisting of dimethyltryptamine in bark & leaf[4] Also, harman, tryptamine, NMT, other alkaloids in leaf.
• Acacia alpina, Active principles in leaf[5]
• Acacia angustissima, β-methyl-phenethylamine,[6] NMT and DMT in leaf (1.1-10.2 ppm)[7]
• Acacia aroma, Tryptamine alkaloids.[8] Significant amount of tryptamine in the seeds.[9]
• Acacia auriculiformis, 5-MeO-DMT in stem bark[10]
• Acacia baileyana, 0.02% tryptamine and β-carbolines, in the leaf, Tetrahydroharman[11]
• Acacia beauverdiana, Psychoactive[12] Ash used in Pituri.[13]
• Acacia berlandieri, DMT, amphetamines, mescaline, nicotine[14]
• Acacia catechu, DMT and other tryptamines in leaf, bark
• Acacia caven, Psychoactive[15]
• Acacia chundra, DMT and other tryptamines in leaf, bark
• Acacia colei, DMT[16]
• Acacia complanata, 0.3% alkaloids in leaf and stem, almost all N-methyl-tetrahydroharman, with traces of tetrahydroharman, some of tryptamine[17][18][19]
• Acacia confusa, DMT & NMT in leaf, stem & bark 0.04% NMT and 0.02% DMT in stem.[5] Also N,N-dimethyltryptamine N-oxide[20]
• Acacia cornigera, Psychoactive,[15] Tryptamines[21] DMT according to C. Rastch.
• Acacia cultriformis, Tryptamine, in the leaf, stem[5] and seeds.[9] Phenethylamine in leaf and seeds[9]
• Acacia cuthbertsonii, Psychoactive[12]
• Acacia decurrens, Psychoactive,[15] but less than 0.02% alkaloids[11]
• Acacia delibrata, Psychoactive[12]
• Acacia falcata, Psychoactive,[12] but less than 0.02% alkaloids[11] Psychoactive 0.2-0.3% alkaloids
• Acacia farnesiana, Traces of 5-MeO-DMT[22] in fruit. β-methyl-phenethylamine, flower.[23] Ether extracts about 2-6% of the dried leaf mass.[24] Alkaloids are present in the bark[25] and leaves.[26] Amphetamines and mescaline also found in tree.[21]
• Acacia flavescens, Strongly Psychoactive, Bark.
• Acacia floribunda, Tryptamine, phenethylamine,[27] in flowers[9] other tryptamines,[28] DMT,tryptamine,NMT 0.3-0.4% phyllodes.[29]
• Acacia georginae, Psychoactive,[15] plus deadly toxins
• Acacia horrida, Psychoactive[15]
• Acacia implexa, Psychoactive[30]
• Acacia jurema, DMT, NMT
• Acacia karroo, Psychoactive
• Acacia laeta, DMT, in the leaf[5]
• Acacia longifolia, 0.2% tryptamine in bark, leaves, some in flowers, phenylethylamine in flowers,[27] 0.2% DMT in plant.[31] Histamine alkaloids.[11]
• Acacia sophorae, Tryptamine in leaves, bark[9]
• Acacia macradenia, Tryptamine[9]
• Acacia maidenii, 0.6% NMT and DMT in about a 2:3 ratio in the stem bark, both present in leaves[5]
• Acacia mangium, Psychoactive[15]
• Acacia melanoxylon, DMT, in the bark and leaf,[32] but less than 0.02% total alkaloids[11]
• Acacia mellifera, DMT, in the leaf[5]
• Acacia nilotica, DMT, in the leaf[5]
• Acacia nilotica subsp. adstringens, Psychoactive, DMT in the leaf
• Acacia neurophylla DMT in bark, Harman in leaf.[33]
• Acacia obtusifolia, Tryptamine, DMT, NMT, other tryptamines,[34] 0.4-0.5% in dried bark,0.15-0.2% in leaf, 0.07% in branch tips.[35]
• Acacia oerfota, Less than 0.1% DMT in leaf,[36] NMT
• Acacia penninervis, Psychoactive[12]
• Acacia phlebophylla, 0.3% DMT in leaf, NMT[5]
• Acacia podalyriaefolia, Tryptamine in the leaf,[5] 0.5% to 2% DMT in fresh bark, phenethylamine, trace amounts.[27] Although this species is claimed to contain 0.5% to 2% DMT in fresh bark the reference for this is invalid as there is no reference to Acacia Podalyriffolia anywhere in the reference article. Additionally, well known and proven extraction techniques for DMT have failed to produce any DMT or alkaloids from fresh bark or the leaves on multiple sample taken at various seasons. Should DMT actually exist in this species of Acacia then it exists in extremely small amounts and have failed to produce any alkaloids with Acid/Base extraction techniques using HCl/Na(OH)2. On the same note, more academic research is definitely required into the DMT content of this and other Australian Acacia species with proper chemical analysis of sample.
• Acacia polyacantha, DMT in leaf[5] and other tryptamines in leaf, bark
• Acacia polyacantha ssp. campylacantha, Less than 0.2% DMT in leaf, NMT; DMT and other tryptamines in leaf, bark[37]
• Acacia rigidula, DMT, NMT, tryptamine, traces of amphetamines, mescaline, nicotine and others[38]
• Acacia sassa, Psychoactive[15]
• Acacia schaffneri, β-methyl-phenethylamine, Phenethylamine[39] Amphetamines and mescaline also found.[21]
• Acacia senegal, Less than 0.1% DMT in leaf,[5] NMT, other tryptamines. DMT in plant,[23] DMT in bark.[9]
• Acacia seyal, DMT, in the leaf.[5] Ether extracts about 1-7% of the dried leaf mass.[24]
• Acacia sieberiana, DMT, in the leaf[5]
• Acacia simplex, DMT and NMT, in the leaf, stem and trunk bark, 0.81% DMT in bark, MMT[5][40]
• Acacia tortilis, DMT, NMT, and other tryptamines[30]
• Acacia vestita, Tryptamine, in the leaf and stem,[5] but less than 0.02% total alkaloids[11]
• Acacia victoriae, tryptamines, 5-MeO-alkyltryptamine[9]
• List of acacia species having little or no alkaloids in the material sampled:[11]
  (0% ${\displaystyle \leq }$ C ${\displaystyle \leq }$ 0.02%, Concentration of alkaloids)
  • Acacia acinacea
  • Acacia baileyana
  • Acacia decurrens
  • Acacia dealbata
  • Acacia mearnsii
  • Acacia drummondii
  • Acacia elata
  • Acacia falcata
  • Acacia leprosa
  • Acacia linearis
  • Acacia melanoxylon
  • Acacia pycnantha
  • Acacia retinodes
  • Acacia saligna
  • Acacia stricta
  • Acacia verticillata
  • Acacia vestita
• Albizia inundata leaves contain DMT.[15]
• Anadenanthera colubrina, Bufotenin, Beans,[41][42] Bufotenin oxide, Beans,[41] N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Beans,[41][42] pods,[41]
• Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil - Bufotenin and Dimethyltryptamine have been isolated from the seeds and seed pods, 5-MeO-DMT from the bark of the stems.[43] The seeds were found to contain 12.4% bufotenine, 0.06% 5-MeO-DMT and 0.06% DMT.[44]
• Anadenanthera peregrina,

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methoxy-2,9-dimethyl-beta-carboline, Plant,[45] 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6-methoxy-2-methyl-beta-carboline, Plant,[42] 5-Methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine, Bark,[42] 5-Methoxy-N-methyltryptamine, Bark,[42] Bufotenin, plant,[42] beans,[41] Bufotenin N-oxide, Fruit,[42] beans,[41] N,N-Dimethyltryptamine-oxide, Fruit[42][46]

• Anadenanthera peregrina var. peregrina, Bufotenine is in the seeds.[47]
• Desmanthus illinoensis, 0–0.34% DMT in root bark, highly variable.[48] Also NMT, N-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine, 2-hydroxy-N-methyltryptamine, and gramine (toxic).[49]
• Desmanthus leptolobus, 0.14% DMT in root bark, more reliable than D. illinoensis[48]
• Desmodium caudatum[50] (syn. Ohwia caudata), Roots: 0.087% DMT,
• Desmodium intortum, Bufotentine, DMT[51]
• Codariocalyx motorius(syn. Desmodium gyrans), DMT, 5-MEO-DMT, leaves, roots
• Desmodium racemosum, 5-MEO-DMT
• Desmodium triflorum, 0.0004% DMT-N-oxide, roots,[52] less in stems[52] and trace in leaves.[52]
• Lespedeza capitata,
• Lespedeza bicolor, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in leaves and roots[53]
• Lespedeza bicolor var. japonica, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in leaves and root bark
• Mimosa ophthalmocentra, Dried root: DMT 1.6%, NMT 0.0012% and hordenine 0.0065%[54]
• Mimosa scabrella, tryptamine, NMT, DMT and N-methyltetrahydrocarboline in bark[55]
• Mimosa somnians, tryptamines and MMT
• Mimosa tenuiflora (syn. "Mimosa hostilis"), 0.31-0.57% DMT (dry root bark).[56]
• Mimosa verrucosa, DMT[57] in root bark
• Mucuna pruriens, "The leaves, seeds, stems and roots contain L-Dopa, Serotonin, 5-HTP, and Nicotine, as well as N,N-DMT, Bufotenine, and 5-MeO-DMT."[58]
• Petalostylis casseoides, 0.4-0.5% tryptamine, DMT, etc. in leaves and stems[53]
• Petalostylis labicheoides var. casseoides, DMT in leaves and stems
• Phyllodium pulchellum(syn. Desmodium pulchellum), 0.2% 5-MeO-DMT, small quantities of DMT[53] DMT (dominates in seedlings and young plants), 5-MEO-DMT (dominates in mature plant), whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, flowers
• Erythrina flabelliformis, other Erythrina species, seeds contain the alkaloids erysodin and erysovin[59]

• Petalostylis cassioides: 0.4-0.5% tryptamine, DMT, etc. in leaves and stems[60]
• Petalostylis labicheoides, Tryptamines in leaves and stems, MAO's up to 0.5%[61]

• • Nectandra megapotamica, NMT[62]

• Diplopterys cabrerana: McKenna et al. (1984) assayed and found the leaves contain 0.17% DMT [63]

• Horsfieldia superba: 5-MeO-DMT[53] and beta-carbolines[60]
• Iryanthera macrophylla: 5-MeO-DMT in bark[53]
• Iryanthera ulei: 5-MeO-DMT in bark
• Osteophloem platyspermum: DMT, 5-MeO-DMT in bark
• Virola calophylla, Leaves 0.149% DMT, leaves 0.006% MMT 5-MeO-DMT in bark[64]
• Virola calophylloidea, DMT
• Virola carinata, DMT in leaves
• Virola cuspidata, DMT[61]
• Virola divergens, DMT in leaves
• Virola elongata(syn. Virola theiodora), DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in bark, roots, leaves and flowers
• Virola melinonii, DMT in bark
• Virola multinervia, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in bark and roots
• Virola pavonis, DMT in leaves
• Virola peruviana, 5-MEO-DMT, traces of DMT and 5-MeO-tryptamine in bark
• Virola rufula, Alkaloids in bark and root, 95% of which is MeO-DMT[65] 0.190% 5-MeO-DMT in bark, 0.135% 5-MeO-DMT in root, 0.092% DMT in leaves.
• Virola sebifera, The bark contains 0.065% to 0.25% alkaloids, most of which are DMT and 5-MeO-DMT.[66]
• Virola venosa, DMT, 5-MEO-DMT in roots, leaves DMT

• Testulea gabonensis: 0.2% 5-MeO-DMT, small quantities of DMT,[53] DMT in bark and root bark, NMT

• Genus Pandanus (Screw Pine): DMT in nuts[53]

Some Graminae (grass) species contain gramine, which can cause brain damage, other organ damage, central nervous system damage and death in sheep.[67]

• Arundo donax, 0.0057% DMT in dried rhizome, no stem, 0.026% bufotenine, 0.0023% 5-MeO-MMT[68]
• Phalaris aquatica, 0.0007-0.18% Total alkaloids,[69] 0.100% DMT,[70] 0.022% 5-MeO-DMT,[70] 0.005% 5-OH-DMT[70]
• Phalaris arundinacea, 0.0004-0.121% Total alkaloids[69]
• Phalaris brachystachys, aerial parts up to 3% total alkaloids, DMT present
• Phragmites australis, DMT in roots.

None of the above alkaloids are said to have been found in Phalaris californica, Phalaris canariensis, Phalaris minor and hybrids of P. arundinacea together with P. aquatica.[69]

• Eriogonum : DMT

• Punica granatum "DMT in root cortex;"[61] The dried stem and root bark of the tree contain about 0.4-0.9% alkaloids.[71]

• Psychotria carthagenensis, 0.2% average DMT in dried leaves
• Psychotria expansa, DMT[61]
• Psychotria forsteriana, DMT[61]
• Psychotria insularum, DMT[61]
• Psychotria poeppigiana,[72] DMT[61]
• Psychotria rostrata, DMT[61]
• Psychotria rufipilis, DMT[61]
• Psychotria viridis, DMT 0.1-0.61% dried mass.[73]

• Dictyoloma incanescens, 5-MeO-DMT in leaves,[65] 0.04% 5-MeO-DMT in bark[53]
• Dutaillyea drupacea, > 0.4% 5-MeO-DMT in leaves[30]
• Dutaillyea oreophila, 5-MeO-DMT in leaves
• Tetradium ruticarpum(syn. Evodia rutaecarpa), 5-MeO-DMT in leaves, fruit and roots
• Limonia acidissima, 5-MeO-DMT in stems
• Euodia leptococca (formerly Melicope), 0.2% total alkaloids, 0.07% 5-MeO-DMT; 5-MeO-DMT in leaves and stems, also "5-MeO-DMT-Oxide and a beta-carboline"[60]
• Pilocarpus organensis, 5-MeO-DMT in leaves
• Vepris ampody, Up to 0.2% DMT in leaves and branches[53]
• Zanthoxylum arborescens, DMT in leaves
• Zanthoxylum procerum, DMT in leaves
• Citrus_limon, DMT, N-Methylated tryptamine derivative in leaves [76][77]
• Citrus sinesis,DMT, N-Methylated tryptamine derivative [76][77]
• Citrus bergamia,DMT, N-Methylated tryptamine derivative [76][77]
• Mandarin_orange Traces of N-methylated tryptamine derivative in leaf. [78][77]
• Chinotto Tree, N-Methylated tryptamine derivative in leaf [78][77]
• Citrus medica, N-Methylated tryptamine derivative in leaf [78][77]

• Amsonia tabernaemontana, Harmine
• Aspidosperma exalatum, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Aspidosperma polyneuron, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Apocynum cannabinum, Harmalol
• Ochrosia nakaiana, Harman
• Pleicarpa mutica, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Newbouldia laevis, Harman

• Calycanthus occidentalis, Harmine

• Hammada leptoclada, Tetrahydroharman, etc.
• Kochia scoparia, Harmine, etc.

• Guiera senegalensis, Harman, etc.

• Carex brevicollis, Harmine, etc.
• Carex parva, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Elaeagnus angustifolia, Harman, etc.
• Elaeagnus commutata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Elaeagnus hortensis, Tetrahydroharman, etc.
• Elaeagnus orientalis, Tetrahydroharman
• Elaeagnus spinosa, Tetrahydroharman
• Hippophae rhamnoides, Harman, etc.
• Shepherdia argentea, Tetrahydroharmol
• Shepherdia canadensis, Tetrahydroharmol

• Arundo donax, Tetrahydroharman
• Festuca arundinacea, Harman, etc.
• Lolium perenne, (Perennial Ryegrass), Harman, etc.
• Phalaris aquatica, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Phalaris arundinacea, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Nectandra megapotamica, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Acacia baileyana, Tetrahydroharman
• Acacia complanata, Tetrahydroharman, etc.
• Burkea africana, Harman, etc.
• Desmodium gangeticum, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Desmodium gyrans, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Desmodium pulchellum, Harman, etc.
• Mucuna pruriens, 6-Methoxy-Harman
• Petalostylis labicheoides, Tetrahydroharman; MAO's up to 0.5%[61]
• Prosopis nigra, Harman, etc.
• Shepherdia pulchellum, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Strychnos melinoniana, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Strychnos usambarensis, Harman[93]

• Banisteriopsis argentia, 5-methoxytetrahydroharman, (−)-N(6)-methoxytetrahydroharman, dimethyltryptamine-N(6)-oxide[6]
• Banisteriopsis caapi, Harmine 0.31-0.84%,[94] tetrahydroharmine, telepathine, dihydroshihunine,[95] 5-MeO-DMT in bark[96]
• Banisteriopsis inebrians, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Banisteriopsis lutea, Harmine, telepathine[6]
• Banisteriopsis metallicolor, Harmine, telepathine[6]
• Banisteriopsis muricata Harmine up to 6%, harmaline up to 4%, plus DMT[97]
• Diplopterys cabrerana, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Cabi pratensis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Callaeum antifebrile(syn. Cabi paraensis), Harmine
• Tetrapterys methystica(syn. Tetrapteris methystica), Harmine[98]

• Gymnacranthera paniculata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Horsfieldia superba Beta-carbolines[60]
• Virola cuspidata, 6-Methoxy-Harman
• Virola rufula, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Virola theiodora, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Testulea gabonensis, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Plectocomiopsis geminiflora, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Meconopsis horridula, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Meconopsis napaulensis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Meconopsis paniculata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Meconopsis robusta, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Meconopsis rudis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Papaver rhoeas, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Passiflora actinia, Harman
• Passiflora alata, Harman
• Passiflora alba, Harman
• Passiflora bryonoides, Harman
• Passiflora caerulea, Harman
• Passiflora capsularis, Harman
• Passiflora decaisneana, Harman
• Passiflora edulis, Harman, 0-7001 ppm[23] in fruit
• Passiflora eichleriana, Harman
• Passiflora foetida, Harman
• Passiflora incarnata (with bee), Harmine, Harmaline, Harman, etc. 0.03%.[99] Alkaloids in rind of fruit 0.25%[99]
• Passiflora quadrangularis, Harman
• Passiflora ruberosa, Harman
• Passiflora subpeltata, Harman
• Passiflora warmingii, Harman

• Calligonum minimum, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Leptactinia densiflora, Leptaflorine, etc.
• Ophiorrhiza japonica, Harman
• Pauridiantha callicarpoides, Harman
• Pauridiantha dewevrei, Harman
• Pauridiantha lyalli, Harman
• Pauridiantha viridiflora, Harman
• Simira klugei, Harman
• Simira rubra, Harman

• Borreria verticillata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Leptactinia densiflora, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Nauclea diderrichii, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Ophiorrhiza japonica, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Pauridiantha callicarpoides, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Pauridiantha dewevrei, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Pauridiantha yalli, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Pauridiantha viridiflora, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Pavetta lanceolata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Psychotria carthagenensis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Psychotria viridis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Simira klugei, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Simira rubra, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Uncaria attenuata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Uncaria canescens, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Uncaria orientalis, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Tetradium (syn. Evodia) species: Some contain carbolines
• Euodia leptococca Beta-carboline[60]
• Araliopsis tabouensis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Flindersia laevicarpa, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Xanthoxylum rhetsa, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Chrysophyllum lacourtianum, Norharman etc.
• Scutellaria
• Scutellaria nana

• Ailanthus malabarica, Beta-carbolines.[93] See also Nag Champa.
• Perriera madagascariensis, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Picrasma ailanthoides, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Picrasma crenata, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Picrasma excelsa, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Picrasma javanica, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Vestia foetida, (Syn V. lycioides) Beta-carbolines[93]

• Symplocos racemosa, Harman

• Grewia mollis, Beta-carbolines[93]

• Fagonia cretica, Harman
• Nitraria schoberi, Beta-carbolines[93]
• Peganum harmala, (Syrian Rue), The seeds contain about 2-6% alkaloids, most of which is harmaline.[100] Peganum harmala is also an abortifacient.
• Peganum nigellastrum, Harmine[101]
• Tribulus terrestris, Harman
• Zygophyllum fabago, Harman, harmine